Questions about the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is the earliest, longest and largest canal in the world. It starts from Beijing (Zhuojun) in the north to Hangzhou (Yuhang) in the south, passes through Beijing and Tianjin and the four provinces of Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and runs through the five major water systems of the Haihe River, Yellow River, Huaihe River, Yangtze River and Qiantang River, with a total length of about 1794 km. kilometers, it has a history of 785 years. The Beijing-Hangzhou Canal has played a huge role in the economic and cultural development and exchanges between the north and south of China, especially in the development of the industrial and agricultural economy and the rise of cities and towns along the line. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is also one of the oldest canals. It and the Great Wall are known as two great projects in ancient my country and are famous all over the world.

Edit this historical evolution

The construction and evolution of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal can be roughly divided into three phases:

①The first phase of the canal. The infancy of the canal. In the 10th year of the Spring and Autumn Period (486 BC), King Wu Fucha dug the Hangou in Yangzhou to connect the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River. During the Warring States Period, the Great Ditch (which diverted the Yellow River from the north to Yuanyang County, Henan Province to the south, into Putian Ze east of present-day Zhengzhou City) and the Chasm were successively dug to connect the four rivers of Jiang, Huai, He and Ji. .

②Phase 2 canal. Mainly refers to the canal system of the Sui Dynasty. With Luoyang in the east as the center, the Tongji Canal was excavated in the first year of Daye (605) to directly connect the Yellow River and Huaihe River. And reconstruct Hangou and Jiangnan Canal. In the third year, the Yongji Canal was excavated and connected to Zhuojun in the north. Together with the Guangtong Canal dug in 584 AD, a multi-branch canal system was formed.

When Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty (Yang Guang) arrived, it is said that Emperor Yang built a canal from the Beijing-Huaihe section to the south of the Yangtze River in order to go to Yangzhou to see the Yangzhou city flower, Qionghua, and to transport grain from the south to the north. , with a total length of more than 2,000 kilometers. By the time of the Yuan Dynasty, when the capital of the Yuan Dynasty was Dadu (today's Beijing), canals had to be dug to transport grain from the south to the north. To this end, three sections of rivers were dug successively, and the horizontal canal of the Sui Dynasty, originally centered on Luoyang, was built into a longitudinal canal centered on Dadu and going south to Hangzhou. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is divided into seven sections according to geographical location: Beijing to Tongzhou District is called Tonghui River, 82 kilometers long; Tongzhou District to Tianjin is called North Canal, 186 kilometers long; Tianjin to Linqing is called South Canal, 400 kilometers long; Linqing The route from Taierzhuang to Taierzhuang is called the Lu Canal, which is about 500 kilometers long; the route from Taierzhuang to Huaiyin is called the Zhong Canal, which is 186 kilometers long; the route from Huaiyin to Guazhou is called the Li Canal, which is about 180 kilometers long; and the route from Zhenjiang to Hangzhou is called the Jiangnan Canal, which is about 330 kilometers long. Yangzhou is the famous city of Li Canal. During the reign of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, a canal was built in the city. Since then, Yangzhou has become a transportation hub between the north and the south. With the benefit of water transportation, it has become rich in the south of the Yangtze River and has become one of the most prosperous regions in China.

During the Sui Dynasty, it was divided into four sections: (1) Yongji Canal (2) Tongji Canal (3) Hangou (4) Jiangnan River

③The third phase of the canal. Mainly refers to the Yuan, Ming and Qing phases. The key sections excavated in the Yuan Dynasty were the section from Sishui to Weihe in Shandong and the section from Dadu to Tongzhou. In the 18th year of AD (1281), the Jizhou River was opened from Rencheng (Jining City) to Xucheng (Dongping County) Anshan, with a length of 75 kilometers; in the 26th AD (1289), a meeting was held to open the river, and a canal was opened from the southwest of Anshan. From the northwest of Shouzhang to Linqing, it is 125 kilometers long; in the 29th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1292), the Huihe River was opened, diverting the Changping water in the west of Beijing into the capital city, and east to Tongzhou and entering the Baihe River, with a length of 25 kilometers; in the 30th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1293) In the Yuan Dynasty, the entire Grand Canal was opened to navigation, and watercraft could go directly from Hangzhou to Dadu, becoming the predecessor of today's Beijing-Hangzhou Canal.

In the Yuan Dynasty, the whole journey can be divided into seven sections:

(1) Tonghui River; (2) North Canal; (3) South Canal; (4) Lu Canal; (5 ) Middle Canal; (6) Li Canal; (7) Jiangnan Canal.

The Ming and Qing dynasties maintained the foundation of the Yuan Canal. In the Ming Dynasty, the sections of the river in Shandong that had been silted up in the late Yuan Dynasty were dredged again. Weishan County) to Qingjiangpu (today's Huaiyin), we carried out canal projects such as the Kaisakou Canal, Tongji Xinhe, Zhonghe River to separate the Yellow River, and excavated the Yue River between the Jianghuai River and the lake to the canal. engineering.

As the main transportation artery between the north and the south, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal has played a huge role in history. The navigation of the canal promoted the rapid development of cities along the coast.

At present, the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal has a navigable mileage of 1,442 kilometers, of which the annual navigable mileage is 877 kilometers, mainly distributed in the three provinces of Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang south of the Yellow River.

The Hangzhou Grand Canal is the same as the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. It starts from Beijing in the north and ends in Hangzhou in the south. It flows through six provinces and cities: Beijing, Hebei, Tianjin, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, with a total length of 1,764 kilometers. Ten times longer than the Suez Canal and twenty times longer than the Panama Canal, it is the longest man-made canal in the world.

It ends at the Qiantang River.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal flows through Tongzhou District of Beijing City, Wuqing District of Tianjin City, Cangzhou City, Hengshui District, and Xingtai District of Hebei Province, Dezhou City, Tai'an City, Liaocheng City, Jining City, and Zaozhuang City of Shandong Province. , 18 urban areas in Xuzhou City, Suqian City, Huai'an City, Yangzhou City, Zhenjiang City, Changzhou City, Wuxi City, Suzhou City in Jiangsu Province, and Jiaxing City and Hangzhou City in Zhejiang Province.

An ancient poem about Tongzhou says: A shadow of a tower identifies Tongzhou. The burning lighthouse stands at the northern end of the Grand Canal and is a landmark building in Tongzhou, Jingmen. The Tianjin North Canal and the South Canal meet in Tianjin, where they are sent together by the Haihe River into the Bohai Sea.

According to records, during the period when water transportation was developed, the North Canal from Tianjin to Tongzhou carried 20,000 grain-carrying water ships and 120,000 officers and soldiers every year, as well as 30,000 merchant ships. With the opening of the waterway, the small Zhigu Village quickly developed into the famous "Tianjin Guard".

The intersection of Zhenjiang, Yangtze River and Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. Liaocheng's lakes and rivers account for 1/3 of the urban area. They are known as the "Venice of Northern China" and are very rare in northern cities. Among them, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is credited. Suzhou "If Suhu Lake is good enough, the world is full of it." The opening of the canal made Suzhou rich in water and food. Currently, there are passenger routes to and from the Suzhou-Hangzhou section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. At the entrance of the Huai'an Grand Canal, under the dock of the ancient town on the east bank of the canal is the former residence of Wu Cheng'en, the author of "Journey to the West".

Edit the geography along this section

The Beijing-Hangzhou Canal flows from north to south through the two cities of Beijing and Tianjin and the four provinces of Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and runs through the Haihe River, the five major water systems in China. , Yellow River, Huaihe River, Yangtze River, Qiantang River and a series of lakes; from the North China Plain to the Yangtze River Delta, with flat terrain, intertwined rivers and lakes, and thousands of miles of fertile fields. It has been China's main grain, cotton, oil, sericulture, and hemp production areas since ancient times. It is densely populated, has a high degree of agricultural intensification, and has great production potential. In modern times, the Beijing-Tianjin, Jinpu, Shanghai-Nanjing and Shanghai-Hangzhou railway and highway networks were built one after another, and they were closely connected with the canal. Industries along the line have sprung up successively, and cities and towns are densely packed. It is a place where the essence of China gathers.

Edit the current characteristics of this section

The flow direction, water source and drainage and storage conditions of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal are different in each section and are very complex. The flow direction is generally summarized as four nodes and five flow directions. ：

Node 1 Tonghui River and North Canal north of Tianjin (Haihe River) flow south; Node 1 and Node 2 Dongping Lake between Node 1 and Node 2 South Canal and Lubei Canal flow north; Node 2 and The Lunan Canal, Zhong Canal, and Li Canal between Node 3 Yangtze River (Qingjiang River) flow southward; the river section between Danyang south of Node 3 and Node 4 Yangtze River flows northward; the river section south of Danyang (Jiangnan Canal) flows southward flow.

Jining Section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal ① Tonghui Canal. Historic navigable waterway. Due to the implementation of the policy of "stopping canals and changing routes" in the late Qing Dynasty and the development of railway and highway transportation since the 20th century, goods were transported by land. In addition, water sources were insufficient and the waterway was in disrepair. By the early 1950s, only a small number of ships were operating intermittently. At present, the river is mainly used as a drainage channel for Beijing and is no longer navigable.

②North Canal. It is about 180 kilometers long and has a catchment area of ??51,100 square kilometers. It flows from Tianjin into the Haihe River. Except for the 15-kilometer section from Qujiadian to Tianjin, which can be used by small boats for seasonal navigation, the other rivers are not navigable.

③South Canal. Also known as Yuhe, it is 414 kilometers long. The section from Sinv Temple to Linqing is called Wei Canal and is 94 kilometers long. The channel from Tianjin to Sinvsi is narrow and curved, with a bottom width of 15 to 30 meters and a water depth of about 1 meter. There are four ship locks, Yangliuqing, Duliu, Beichentun and Anling, which can navigate 100-ton ships. Due to the impoundment of the upstream reservoir, irrigation of farmland on both sides, and long-term disrepair, it is now in a state of interruption. The Wei Canal has a bottom width of 30 meters and a water depth of about 1 meter. It has the Sinu Temple and the Zhugongtun Ship Lock, and can navigate 100-ton ships. Due to the livestock water in the upstream Yuecheng Reservoir, the water source was intercepted. Especially after the expansion of the Wei Canal, the waterway condition suddenly deteriorated.

④ Lubei Canal. Also known as Weishan and Linqing Canal, the original river section has been silted up. In 1958, a new line was selected, with a length of 104 kilometers, but it was not excavated. From 1960 to 1968, according to the requirements for water diversion from the Yellow River, 76 kilometers of channels from Zhoudian to Shangdian were excavated, and the two sections of the river have not yet been excavated.

⑤Lunan Canal. The section from Guona to Liangshan is called the Dongpinghu Lake West Channel, which is 20 kilometers long. Although it was dredged and renovated in 1968, the river channel was severely silted and the water depth was insufficient, making it unnavigable. The section from Liangshan to Nanwang is 33.8 kilometers long. The channel water depth is 0.5 meters in dry season. It can be navigable for 6 months a year and is a seasonal channel. The section from Nanwang to Jining is 27.1 kilometers long, 15 meters wide at the bottom, and 0.5 meters deep during dry periods. It is only open to navigation for 6 months each year and is a seasonal channel. The section from Jining to the secondary dam is 78.1 kilometers long, with a straight channel, a water depth of more than 1 meter in dry season, a bottom width of 50 meters, and can be navigable for 100-ton ships.

⑥Middle Canal. The section from the secondary dam to Dawangmiao originally ran along the Hanzhuang and Taierzhuang lines. In 1958, the Nansi Lake West Waterway and the Bulao River section were newly opened in Jiangsu Province, allowing the river to pass through the northern suburbs of Xuzhou City and merge with the Zhongyun Canal at Dawang Temple. The section from Dawangmiao to Huaiyin still follows the original river course southward, with a length of 163 kilometers. The river section below Xuzhou has been widened in sections in recent years. The channel generally has a bottom width of 45 to 60 meters and a water depth of more than 3 meters. It can now be navigable for towing fleets of 500 to 700 tons or more. It is the main route for Xuzhou coal transportation to the south.

⑦ Li Canal. The total length is 169 kilometers. Its entrance to the river was originally in Guazhou. In 1958, it was changed to Liuwei to enter the river. After repeated renovations in recent years, the bottom width of the channel is generally 70 meters, the water depth is more than 3 meters, and it can be navigable for 1,000-ton tow fleets. The annual cargo volume is about 15 million tons.

⑧Jiangnan Canal. It runs from Jianbikou on the south bank of the Yangtze River to Hangzhou via Danyang, Changzhou, Wuxi, Suzhou and Pingwang. Among them, there are three routes from Pingwang to Hangzhou, namely the east, middle and west routes. If calculated based on the east route, the total length is 323.8 kilometers, most of which have a bottom width of 20 meters and a water depth of 2 meters. They can generally be navigable for ships of 40 to 100 tons. , the annual freight volume reaches more than 16 million tons.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, large-scale renovations were carried out on the canal, allowing it to resume its multiple roles of shipping, irrigation, flood control and drainage. The Beijing-Hangzhou Canal and Qiantang River communication project completed at the end of 1988 has connected rivers, rivers and seas, forming a water transportation network centered on Hangzhou and connected to the five major water systems of the Yangtze River, Yellow River, Huaihe River, Haihe River and Qiantang River. .

Edit the significance of the opening of this paragraph

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is a great project created by the working people of ancient my country. It is a precious material and spiritual wealth left to us by our ancestors. It is a living and important mobile heritage of humanity. The Grand Canal began in the Spring and Autumn Period, was formed in the Sui Dynasty, and developed in the Tang and Song Dynasties. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal was built in the Spring and Autumn Period more than 2,000 years ago and has a history of 2,500 years ago. Qin Shihuang (Ying Zheng) excavated it in Jiaxing An important river channel, it also laid the foundation for the future direction of the Jiangnan Canal. According to the "Yue Jueshu", Qin Shihuang "managed the Ling Waterway from Jiaxing to Qiantang and crossed the land to connect Zhejiang". About 2,500 years ago, King Wu Fucha dug the Han ditch, opened a canal connecting the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River, and built the city of Han. Canals and canal culture were derived from this.

The Grand Canal we call today was dug in the Spring and Autumn Period, completed in the Sui Dynasty, prospered in the Tang and Song Dynasties, straightened in the Yuan Dynasty, and dredged in the Ming and Qing Dynasties (from 486 BC to 1293 AD) The whole line was opened to navigation in 1779). In the long years, it has mainly gone through three major construction processes. In the Sui Dynasty, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty mobilized millions of people to dig through the Grand Canal, which made a huge contribution to the country's unprecedented economic and cultural prosperity.) In the Sui Dynasty, the entire line began to be connected. After the development of the Tang and Song Dynasties, it finally became the It is a transportation artery that connects the five major water systems of the Haihe River, the Yellow River, the Huaihe River, the Yangtze River, and the Qiantang River, and connects the north and the south.

Create an artificial Tianhe.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is my country’s second “golden waterway” after the Yangtze River. Its value is comparable to that of the Great Wall. It is the earliest and longest man-made river in the world, 16 times that of the Suez Canal and 33 times that of the Panama Canal.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Canal has always been an important water transport route in the past dynasties and has played a major role in economic and cultural exchanges between the north and the south. With the rise of maritime transport in the 19th century, and later with the opening of the Tianjin-Puzhou Railway, the role of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal gradually decreased. After the migration of the Yellow River, the water source in the river section in Shandong was insufficient, the river channel was shallow, the north and south navigation was cut off, and the river was silted into flat ground. A section of Jiangsu Province with a large amount of water and good navigation conditions can only be used by small wooden sailing boats. The desolation and depression of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal are a reflection of China's semi-colonial and semi-feudal system. After liberation, some sections of the river have been widened and deepened, bends have been cut and straightened, many modern docks and locks have been built, and shipping conditions have improved. The seasonal navigation mileage has reached more than 1,100 kilometers. In the more than 660 kilometers of waterway south of Pi County, Jiangsu Province, a fleet of 500 tons can travel unimpeded. The ancient Beijing-Hangzhou Canal will also become the water transmission channel for the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in the future.

Edit this paragraph to apply for world heritage status

In March 2006, 58 members of the CPPCC jointly submitted a proposal to the fourth session of the 10th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, calling for a strategic start to the Beijing-Hangzhou Rescue and conservation work on the Grand Canal, and declare a World Heritage project in due course.

Among these 58 members, there are both the current and former CPPCC chairmen of the six provinces and cities along the Grand Canal, including Beijing, Tianjin, Jiangsu, and Hebei, as well as the two former directors of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage - Zhang Wenbin. and Shan Jixiang. Celebrities such as Shu Yi and Wang Tiecheng also signed their names.

Member Liu Feng, the first proposer, said that the Grand Canal, with its profound historical and cultural connotations, is known as the "Ancient Cultural Corridor", "Ancient Science and Technology Library", "Scenic Spots Museum" and "Folklore Exhibition Room". Its historical relics are excellent physical materials for studying ancient Chinese politics, economy, culture, society and other aspects, and are the best witness to China's long history and civilization. From the perspective of protecting human civilization, the Grand Canal is not only unique in China, but its role in the development of human history is also recognized by the world. The Grand Canal water system stretches for thousands of miles, running from north to south, forming a unique natural style and nurturing a rich linear cultural landscape. If coupled with the intangible cultural heritage that has not yet been well explored, the content will be even richer. "If the historical value, cultural connotation and contribution to the historical development of China are added up, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal can be compared to the Great Wall to a certain extent." Two authoritative experts - in 1985, called on China to join the protection of world culture and nature Jeong Hyo-seop and Luo Zhewen of the Heritage Convention predicted, "We firmly believe that the success rate of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal's 'inscription as a World Heritage Site' is very high."

"The Grand Canal and the Great Wall should be sisters on the heritage list." Commissioner Liu Feng reminded that, however, it must be noted that with the development of economy and society, the traditional functions of the Grand Canal are gradually weakening, and the authenticity and integrity are being destroyed. If we do not pay attention to launching such a major protection work as "listing as a World Heritage Site" that is valued by all places, its history, culture, relics and natural scenery will inevitably degrade and die quickly. This will be a huge irreparable loss for the Chinese nation. .

The protection and “listing” of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is by no means a matter for one place or department.

Members of the CPPCC suggested that the rescue and protection work for the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal should be launched immediately from a strategic perspective, and a research institution with the participation and full support of relevant ministries, experts, and coastal governments should be established to understand the "family background" of the Grand Canal and formulate a major plan as soon as possible. Plan for the overall protection of the canal and declare a World Heritage project in due course.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is a great project created by the working people of ancient my country. It is a precious material and spiritual wealth left to us by our ancestors and an important living and flowing human heritage. The Grand Canal began in the Spring and Autumn Period, was formed in the Sui Dynasty, developed in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and finally became a water transportation artery connecting the five major water systems of the Haihe River, Yellow River, Huaihe River, Yangtze River, and Qiantang River in the Yuan Dynasty, running from north to south. In the course of more than two thousand years of history, the Grand Canal has made important contributions to my country's economic development, national unity, social progress and cultural prosperity, and it still plays a huge role today.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal shows the outstanding achievements of my country's ancient water conservancy and shipping engineering technology that led the world, leaving behind rich historical and cultural relics, giving birth to famous cities and towns like bright pearls, and accumulating a profound and long-standing history. Cultural heritage embodies huge information in many fields of politics, economy, culture, and society in our country. The Grand Canal and the Great Wall are both symbols of the cultural identity of the Chinese nation. Protecting the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is of extremely great significance for inheriting human civilization and promoting harmonious development of society.

With the development of economy and society, the traditional transportation function of the Grand Canal has changed, and the river course, riverside scenery and people's lives have undergone great changes. Currently, it is facing the challenges of urban modernization and rural urbanization. serious challenge. If protection is not strengthened, the historical and cultural relics, scenery and natural ecological environment of the Grand Canal will inevitably be destroyed, and its authenticity and integrity will cease to exist. This will be a huge and irreparable loss for the Chinese nation. It has reached a critical juncture to carry out rescue protection and realize sustainable development of the Grand Canal.

Edit this section of the Hangzhou Declaration

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is a great project created by the working people of ancient my country. It is a precious material and spiritual wealth left to us by our ancestors. It is a living and important mobile heritage of humanity. The Grand Canal began in the Spring and Autumn Period, was formed in the Sui Dynasty, developed in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and finally became a water transportation artery connecting the five major water systems of the Haihe River, Yellow River, Huaihe River, Yangtze River, and Qiantang River in the Yuan Dynasty, running from north to south. In the course of more than two thousand years of history, the Grand Canal has made important contributions to my country's economic development, national unity, social progress and cultural prosperity, and it still plays a huge role today.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal shows the outstanding achievements of my country's ancient water conservancy and shipping engineering technology that led the world, leaving behind rich historical and cultural relics, giving birth to famous cities and towns like bright pearls, and accumulating a profound and long-standing history. Cultural heritage embodies huge information in many fields of politics, economy, culture, and society in our country. The Grand Canal and the Great Wall are both symbols of the cultural identity of the Chinese nation. Protecting the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is of extremely great significance for inheriting human civilization and promoting harmonious development of society.

With the development of economy and society, the traditional transportation function of the Grand Canal has changed, and the river course, riverside scenery and people's lives have undergone great changes. Currently, it is facing the challenges of urban modernization and rural urbanization. serious challenge. If protection is not strengthened, the historical and cultural relics, scenery and natural ecological environment of the Grand Canal will inevitably be destroyed, and its authenticity and integrity will cease to exist. This will be a huge and irreparable loss for the Chinese nation. It has reached a critical juncture to carry out rescue protection and realize sustainable development of the Grand Canal.

Here, we call for:

━━Arouse the public’s social awareness of the Grand Canal’s important status and multiple values, further enhance the protection awareness of governments at all levels, summarize and publicize The experience of various places in protecting and exploring the profound historical and cultural connotation of the canal has been mobilized to mobilize the whole society to participate in the protection and application of the Grand Canal to continue the canal's cultural heritage and inherit the canal civilization.

━━From a national strategic perspective, establish a unified coordination agency, formulate laws and regulations for the protection of the Grand Canal, coordinate protection and development plans, mobilize the forces of all parties, implement effective protection, scientific and rational utilization, and benefit future generations.

━━In accordance with the requirements of the "Convention for the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage", pay attention to and start the application process of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, and use innovative ideas to correctly handle the natural heritage, cultural heritage and intangible cultural heritage. relationship, correctly handle the relationship between protection, utilization and development, and effectively turn the process of applying for World Heritage into a process of strengthening the protection and management of the Grand Canal.

━━Establish a research institution as soon as possible with the participation and full support of relevant ministries and commissions, relevant experts, and cities along the route, collect information, find out the background, carry out investigation and value assessment work with a serious scientific attitude, and provide guidance to Relevant departments put forward feasible suggestions.

━━Implement the Scientific Outlook on Development and pay more attention to the overall appearance of the Grand Canal during the planning and implementation of the economic and social development along the Grand Canal, ensuring that cultural relics along the line are effectively protected, resources are rationally utilized, and the ecological environment is maintained. Achieve sustainable development and rejuvenate the ancient canal.

Edit this section of the Digital Canal

In order to better protect the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and apply for world cultural heritage, our country will "excavate" the "Digital Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal"

The National Social Development Science and Technology Conference held in Beijing in early May 2007 proposed that my country will implement a special digital Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal project during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period.

According to the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan for the Development of Cultural Heritage Protection Science and Technology" issued by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, Chinese experts will formulate standards for collecting residences on the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal based on existing research results, and systematically carry out Investigation and evaluation work, using global positioning system (GPS) and other technical means to establish a comprehensive information system for the cultural heritage of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal.

According to the "Planning", this system can uniformly manage non-spatial data such as text, pictures, maps, and remote sensing images of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal under the same geographical reference coordinate system, allowing for the realization of data analysis through text and graphics. Unified management enables two-way query and retrieval through text and graphics, as well as browsing, querying, analyzing and mapping of images, forming a basic information database to provide strong support for the implementation of protection, research, display, management and decision-making of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal.

Edit this paragraph's governance goals

In recent years, the total annual water consumption in the Taihu Lake Basin is 29 billion cubic meters, while the average multi-year water resource volume in the basin is only 16.2 billion cubic meters. Excluding the parts that cannot be used due to pollution, the Taihu Lake Basin's population of more than 30 million creates an annual GDP of nearly one trillion yuan, and the water consumption is actually twice the actual amount of resources. Due to the incompatibility between water pollution control, economic development and population in the Taihu Lake Basin, water pollution in the basin is very serious, which puts the Taihu Basin in a severe situation of water quality-related water shortage. According to the three-year continuous water quality monitoring and evaluation from 1998 to 2000, although the central and local governments at all levels have increased efforts to prevent and control water pollution in the basin in recent years, the overall water quality of Taihu Lake has not been significantly improved, and the overall eutrophication of the lake has increased. There has been no significant improvement. In 2000, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and chemical oxygen consumption were far from reaching the planned treatment goals; water pollution in the river network has not been effectively controlled, and there is a deterioration trend in some places. The water resources in the Taihu Lake Basin are facing A serious situation.

On the other hand, after the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal connected with the Qiantang River, with the development of Hangzhou city, ship transportation played an important role in economic construction, but it also had many negative impacts, such as ship noise and Exhaust gas emissions have seriously affected the quality of life of citizens. Many bridge-related accidents in ship navigation have also posed an inevitable threat to key protected cultural relics such as Gongchen Bridge. The uneven appearance of cargo ships has also It is very inconsistent with the current landscape river course, and there have been many accidents involving ship collisions and damage to landscape facilities, which has affected the construction of Hangzhou as a quality-of-life city to a certain extent. If the Hangzhou-Tangqi section of the canal stops shipping cargo ships and becomes a complete tourist river, the benefits generated by the tourism economy and the economic benefits of the real estate industry along the coast will be huge.

Therefore, the channel between the Fuchun River in the Qiantang River system and the Dongtiao River in the Taihu Lake system will be opened to connect the Qiantang River and Taihu Basin, divert the high-quality water source of the Fuchun River, and naturally flow through Dongtiao Creek to flush out the poor-quality water in the Taihu Lake system. It is of practical significance to provide high-quality water sources for the Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou area and Shanghai, improve the water resources environment in these areas, and gradually intercept and collect sewage into pipes to make the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal and its forked rivers become high-quality tap water sources for cities such as Hangzhou and Jiaxing. and sustainable development vision. In order to ensure the safety of ship navigation and water quality from ship pollution, and to save land resources, the internationally advanced electrified light rail is used to control ship navigation, thereby achieving a safe and economical navigation method with low channel grade and high navigation capacity. It is the first in the country Realize green shipping.

On May 25, 2006, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, as a great project from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Qing Dynasty in China, was approved by the State Council to be included in the sixth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.