What kind of dog is this?

Native dog, China garden dog, commonly known as "Native dog" and "Shiba Inu", is a dog breed selected by nature and artificial selection in China for thousands or even tens of thousands of years. Qin Shihuang unified the Central Plains. It is said that this kind of dog is being led. In the Han nationality, they call it "local dog", so the name Siyi means local dog; Some places in the north are also called "Chaigou". Because of the cold climate in the north, dogs usually nest near firewood stoves or woodpiles.

distribute

Its geographical distribution is very wide, mainly distributed in the south of the Great Wall, east of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and the low-altitude Han nationality gathering place centered on the Central Plains. It is the product of thousands of years' farming society of Han nationality in China. So the scientific name is "Chinese Garden Dog".

This distribution definition is very important. It makes it clear that the living environment of Chinese Garden Dog is a low-altitude agricultural social area with a warm environment, and people's life is mainly food, so it has the characteristics of medium size, moderate hair length, weak carnivorousness, miscellaneous eating habits and rough and delicate. Of course, with the continuous migration of Han nationality for thousands of years, the distribution of China pastoral dogs is also expanding. For example, there are many rural dogs in Northeast China, which are different from pastoral areas in Northeast China. Some of them crossed with dogs from other regions to form new breeds. However, one thing is certain: China's pastoral dogs are the product of China's Central Plains farming society.

relationship entered unexpectedly into

As for the origin of China Pastoral Dog, it should follow the Han nationality to gradually migrate from the Yellow River, the birthplace of the Han nationality, to all parts of China now. The garden dogs in China are distributed in the north and south, but no matter in the cold north or the hot south, they all have wolf-like faces, sharp mouths, small eyes, beautiful long hair and curly tails.

Special point

When it is distinguished from other breeds, it should be distinguished according to the living environment and cultural differences of regional nationalities. For example, a friend once mentioned that Liangshan dogs should be regarded as garden dogs in China. I hesitated at that time, and later analyzed that Liangshan is a variety of high-altitude cold minority areas. Although its body shape is similar to that of a garden dog, it is a more acceptable breed for Tibetan dogs in terms of wildness, fur and head shape. Especially the hairy Liangshan looks like a Tibetan dog. Its forehead is very wide, its ears are very low, its ears are very big and completely collapsed. In our eyes, it is difficult to see the head of a native dog (China garden dog) with flat forehead, high ears and small ears, which is upright or semi-upright (semi-drooping), so Liangshan should not be regarded as one of China garden dogs.

There are also two breeds, East Sichuan Hound and Summer Four Dog, which are very famous in China. Compared with most garden dogs, they are very different in physical appearance and should all belong to ethnic minority breeds. The East Sichuan hound may have been left by Cubans, and the Summer Four Dog is a Miao, so neither of them should be classified as China garden dogs. Some people say that Hubei Arrow-Haired Dog is very similar to Taiwan Province Native Dog, but careful observation will reveal that it is closer to East Sichuan Hound, and many physical features are very similar to East Sichuan Hound, especially it has the same bamboo shoots and tail as East Sichuan Hound, which is invisible to other dog breeds; There are bearded dogs in Hunan, which should belong to the same strain as inferior dogs, so Hubei Arrow Hair and Bearded Dogs are not among the garden dogs in China.

There are also slight morphological differences between different regions, but they all have the main characteristics of * * * *. Some friends think that the park dogs vary greatly from place to place, and it seems that they have no characteristics. In fact, when you recognize a so-called "local dog" casually, you can already distinguish it by its * * * nature, but most people have not extracted the specific characteristics of these rural dogs. Just like Tibetan mastiffs have great individual differences, some people say that Tibetan mastiff genes are unstable, but when you see a Tibetan mastiff, you can easily tell that it is a Tibetan mastiff, indicating that its * * * is greater than individual differences.

The most obvious differences between its external characteristics and other dog breeds are: head, ears, hind legs and tail.

Head: the head features are closer to the appearance of its ancestor wolf, with a pointed mouth, a flat forehead and small eyes. (More original features of dogs are preserved)

Ears: ears are small and high, which are divided into two types: detached ears and front collapsed ears; The so-called "front earlobe" means that the ears naturally droop to the front of the head when they are relaxed because they are placed high above the head. (Unlike most other flat-eared dogs, the ears are large, located on both sides of the head, and naturally droop to both sides of the head, which is called "side flat ears")

Hind legs: when standing still, the hind legs are obviously straight and perpendicular to the ground, and the ankle joints are not obviously bent; Because the body length and shoulder height form 1: 1, the whole body is square. (especially compared with the curved hind ankle of most western breeds)

Tail: Tilt upward, especially when walking, it will become very high. There are two common types: money tail and sickle tail. (obviously different from the flat and drooping tail of most western varieties)

Comparison of Head Shape between China Pastoral Dog and Labrador Dog

Other appearance features include:

Body shape: medium build, well-proportioned and compact, with shoulder height above 40cm. Individual body shapes also vary greatly due to different temperatures in the north and south, generally higher in the north and thinner in the south.

Wool: mainly medium wool, with yellow, white, black or mixed colors.

Temperament: not delicate, disease-resistant, adaptable and easy to raise; Beware of strangers.

Function: Widely used for housekeeping and hunting.

Tighten; pressure

China garden dogs are widely distributed in rural areas of Han nationality in China, and many different breeds and subspecies have been formed due to factors such as region, environment and consanguinity. From the analysis of dogs' appearance characteristics and distribution areas, it is found that the distribution of China pastoral dogs is closely related to different cultural areas of Han nationality. Judging from the current situation, it can be divided into three major strains, namely, northern strain, Jiangsu and Zhejiang strain and Guangdong and Guangxi strain.

Three strains are the result of macroscopic analysis, and there must be some unique subspecies in many small places. There is still a large part of the boundary between the distribution areas of these three strains, and the dogs here also appear as transitional breeds. The distribution area of the three varieties is triangular, with a large blank area in the middle, mainly distributed in Hubei and Hunan. Whether the pastoral dogs in this area are independent or transitional needs further research and demonstration.

1, northern strain

From the northeast to the Yellow River basin, the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River to the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau (excluding ethnic minority areas), it is diagonally distributed from northeast to southwest. Although the environment in this large area is very different, especially the different climate in the north and south, which leads to different individual sizes and different fur quality, the dog breeds in this area are very similar in appearance. For example, the stupid dog commonly known in Northeast China is almost identical to the local dog in Sichuan in appearance except that the individual in Northeast China is bigger and the thick hair is more cold-resistant. Sichuan local dogs are small in size. In order to adapt to the humid climate in the south, their fur is thick and sparse. Interestingly, the distribution area of this strain coincides with that of the Han language family in northern China.

Its characteristics are: more miscellaneous hair, less single-color and solid-color dogs, mainly ear collapse before (the so-called "front ear collapse" means that when the ear is placed on the top of the head, the ear naturally droops to the front of the head when it is relaxed), often with long hair and large curly tail, which retains the characteristics of more northern dog breeds.