What influence did Emperor Liu Che have on the world?

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (156-87), the emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, reigned for 156-87 and was the son of Jingdi. He adopted the policy of "ousting a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone" and was sentenced to death by magic. Promulgate the "favor decree" to cut off separatist forces; The government manages the salt and iron trade to stabilize prices; Harness the Yellow River, build water conservancy projects, emigrate to the frontier areas, and implement the "farming by substitution"; Zhang Qian and others were sent to the Western Regions, Wei Qing, Huo Qubing and other Huns were appointed, and counties were set up in Yunnan and Guizhou, which pushed the Han Dynasty to its peak. They can write poems and are good at writing poems, and the original two-volume collection of poems has been lost.

The Western Han Empire in the period of Emperor Wudi was the most powerful country in the world at that time, and it was also a relatively strong period in the history of China. There has been a saying that "the Han and Tang Dynasties flourished". The "Han" here mainly refers to the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. People often compare Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty with Qin Shihuang, because China's feudal autocratic centralized state was established by Qin Shihuang and consolidated by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. He is in office. 38860 . 68868688686

Liu Che, son of Han Jing and great-grandson of Emperor Gaozu, was born in Liyidian in 156 BC. At the age of 7, he was made a prince, and 16 became an emperor. Although Emperor Wu was still very young when he ascended the throne, he had a good way of governing the country. Shortly after he ascended the throne, he wrote an imperial edict for the prime minister, the imperial censor and the county magistrate. More than 65,438+000 people were elected to the central government. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty personally asked them how to run the country. One of them, Dong Zhongshu, put forward in "Countermeasures" that "those who are outside the six arts, Confucius' skills, are all unique, so they do not advance." "This idea is just in line with the desire of emperor wudi to unify the world. As a result, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty praised them greatly, and Prime Minister Wei Wan also sent a letter to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, pointing out that it was sent everywhere. There are strategists and other factions. These people not only can't govern the country well, but also have their own opinions, which will disturb the court, so don't use them. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty accepted the suggestions of Dong Zhongshu and Wei Wan, leaving only a few Confucian generals, such as Gong and others, and the rest were not appointed. This is the famous "hundred schools of thought, and Confucianism alone" in history.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was also very keen and decisive in solving the whole social problems. He knows that to realize his political ambition, he must first increase production and improve his economic ability. On the one hand, he stabilized the individual small-scale peasant economy and announced the policy of "emphasizing the foundation and neglecting the end"; On the other hand, he restricted the annexation and illegal activities of landlords. At the same time, he also paid attention to the construction of water conservancy, and successively built channels such as diverting water into the river, diverting Fen into the river, and diverting Wei into the river, so that shipping could be carried out and the fields could be irrigated. In the 20 years after his accession to the throne, he carried out new financial policies and new economic policies. Organize the monetary system and directly control the casting and issuance of money; Scrap all kinds of inferior copper coins, implement "five baht" in a unified way, implement salt and iron official camp, set up salt and iron officials, and control large industries and businesses that are related to the lifeline of the economy. The implementation of these policies enriched the finance of the Han Dynasty.

Because centralization has been greatly strengthened, the country's economic strength has never been stronger. In order to ensure the production and people's life in the northern border areas, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty decided to change the new peace policy towards Xiongnu since the early Han Dynasty and wage war against Xiongnu. In BC 127, BC 12 1 year, BC 1 19, three large-scale battles were launched against the Huns. These three campaigns all achieved decisive victories, dealt a fatal blow to the Xiongnu nobles, basically solved the threat of Xiongnu, and ensured the safe production of the people in the border areas. However, these wars consumed the wealth of the country. He paid a heavy price. In order to unite with the Western Regions and resist the Xiongnu, he sent Zhang Qian to the Western Regions twice to communicate with them, which opened up the "Silk Road" and opened up a new era of cultural and product exchanges between the Central Plains and the Western Regions, which not only promoted the economic and production development in various parts of Asia, but also promoted the ties between Europe and Asia.

In 88 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was 70 years old and began to think about his own affairs. He asked the painter to draw a picture of "The Duke of Zhou turned his back on the princes" and gave it to Huo Guang, which meant that Huo Guang would assist his youngest son Liu Fuling as emperor. In order to prevent the Queen Mother from monopolizing power, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty killed Liu Fuling's mother, Mrs. Gou Jian. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty arranged for the funeral and died soon.

What does Liang Wudi want? Be both civil and military, revitalize the ancient country.

Shao Fahua unified Jiutian and dared to attack the Xiongnu in Liuhe.

Repentance disappointed people, enriched them and started a new road.

The stormy Maoling is still there, and the songs of Zanzi in the Spring and Autumn Period are eternal.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty is another brilliant emperor in the history of China after Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty.

In the history of China, people often call Qin Huang "Wu Han", which makes sense.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ascended the throne in the first month of the third year after Emperor Jing (14 1) and died in February of the second year after Yuan Dynasty (87). He is an innovative, pioneering and enterprising person. During his half-century in power, China was in a dynamic era of reform and development. Emperor Wu himself also has the spirit of innovation.

1, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was the first emperor to use the year number, first once every six years and then once every four years.

2. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was the first emperor to formulate and promulgate the taichu calendar Law in a unified way throughout the country, and it was used from the first month of each year.

3. During the period of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, he wrote the first biographical history book "Historical Records", which had a great influence on later historiography.

4. During the period of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, Yu Map appeared in the historical records of China after the unification of Qin Dynasty. In April of the fourth year of Yuanshou, Shen Bing said, "My servant, Gong Sunhe, is in charge of the imperial history ... Play it on the map, please name your country." Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty wrote "Send General Gongsun He out of Jiuyuan" in the autumn of Ding Yuan's sixth year, and quoted Wang Zan as saying, "Floating life is good." Wang Zan was a minister in the early Jin Dynasty. This shows that Wang Zan, the minister in the early Jin Dynasty, has seen the map of the Han Dynasty. It also shows that the regional concept of the country has clearly appeared in the Han Dynasty, which has had an important impact on the study of physical geography in later generations.

5. Give some advice to virtuous and upright people. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty personally asked questions and selected talents to be officials. This is where the imperial examination system of later generations began.

6. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty respected Confucianism and regarded Confucianism as the ruling ideology of the country.

7. In the fifth year of Yuanshuo, he made 50 disciples for Dr. Jason Wu and healed himself; Local counties and countries can send some people according to certain conditions and train them into disciples. After passing the exam, you can pass a skill and become an official. This is where the selection of officials from students across the country began.

8. While respecting Confucianism, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also "learned from others", forming a pattern of using a hundred schools of thought while taking Confucianism as the ruling ideology, which also had a great influence on later generations.

9. In the second year of Yuanfeng (formerly 109), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty personally inspected the breach of the Yellow River. It is the first time that the emperor has personally governed the Yellow River since the reunification of Qin.

10 years, during the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, sowing with "soil seeder" was popularized. Since then, this method has been used in China for more than two thousand years.

1 1. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Zhang Qian to the Western Regions, which opened up the Silk Road and promoted economic and cultural exchanges between China and the West. This is the first time in the history of China.

12 years, in the sixth year of Han Yuanfeng (105), the ancestral daughter Xi Jun was married to Wusun as a princess and kissed her. This is the first time in China's history that she kissed a western country.

13. The messenger and a captain are placed side by side on the wheel platform and Quli. This is the first time in China's history that he cultivated land in Xinjiang, China.

14 Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty used the well canal method to make the leading canal, which was later introduced to China, Xinjiang and Persia.

15. Grapes and alfalfa were introduced from the Western Regions, and the thoroughbred horse-Tianma was introduced from Dawan. Music and magic from the Western Regions were introduced to China, and China's cast iron technology, silk products and lacquerware were introduced to Dawan and other places.

16, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty applied benevolence and righteousness and ruled the country by virtue; At the same time, it is the first time in history to attach importance to the rule of law and rule the country with heavy punishment.

17 Yuanfeng five years ago (106 years ago), in order to strengthen the supervision of local officials and strongmen, 13 prefectures and counties were set up, so that 600-stone-level patrol and secretariat could guard 2,000-stone-level counties and towns.

18, in order to strengthen the imperial power, reform the prime minister system and establish China-Korea (inner Korea), which had a great influence on the evolution of the prime minister system.

19 years, two years ago in Ding Yuan (1 15 years ago), it was forbidden for counties and States to cast money, and the money belonging to Shanglin Sanguan was not allowed to circulate, and all the money previously cast by counties and States was abolished. From then on, the state monopolized the right to coin, which had a great influence on later generations.

20. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty reclaimed land in the northwest frontier county through a large number of immigrants, which played an important role in the victory of the anti-Xiongnu war and the governance of the western regions. It also has a great influence on future generations. Cao Cao once said in "Preface to Farming" that "filial piety to farm the western regions is a good example of the first generation", which illustrates this point.

2 1, the appointment of officials by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was diversified. Officials with more than 2,000 stones can make future generations an official through the appointment system; Rich people can become officials through "election"; Sages and descendants can take care of them. For example, Jia Yi's two sons were taken care of as county chiefs. But what is particularly prominent is that Emperor Wudi chose people on their merits and did not stick to one pattern. For example, Wei Ruyun's son-in-law was chosen from the handmaiden. Wei Qing and Huo Qubing were selected from slaves and serfs respectively. Prime ministers and imperial envoys are all selected from poor civilians. Tang Tang envoys Zhang Tang, Du Zhou and Zhao Yu were selected from small officials. It is particularly noteworthy that some generals appointed by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty were Yue and Huns. Jin Rishidan, a slave who was captured by Xiongnu and kept horses in the palace, was elected as a trusted official together with Huo Guang and Shangguan Jie. These conditions show that the selection of talents by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty is not limited by class background and ethnic differences. However, this does not mean that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty did not have standards for employing people. The standard is to "broaden the road of artistic ability and learn from others", and "whoever has different talents in county inspectors can be the one who will be the best in the country". In other words, as long as they are willing to fight for the cause of the Han Dynasty, people with artistic ability and talent can be appointed as generals and sent to distant countries. In short, the standard of employing people is to be talented. Because of this, there are talents in Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. The appearance of this phenomenon deserves serious study.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was the first emperor in the history of China to send troops to the hinterland of Xiongnu for a decisive battle.

23. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was the first emperor in the history of China who proposed that the northern nomadic Xiongnu should submit to the Central Plains Dynasty, and therefore built a surrender city in today's Inner Mongolia. Although Emperor Wu did not achieve this goal before his death, during the first year of Xuanyuan, Xiongnu surrendered to the Han Dynasty and became a vassal.

24. After Li Guangli conquered Dawan, many countries in the southern part of the Western Regions surrendered to the Han Dynasty. In the second year of Emperor Xuandi (the first 60 years), the Xiongnu kings surrendered to the Han Dynasty, and the Xiongnu dared not fight for the Western Regions. Xuan Di appointed Ji Zheng as the commander-in-chief of the Western Regions, managing the northern and southern countries in the Western Regions, and all the countries in the Western Regions surrendered to the Han Dynasty. This is the first time in the history of China.

25. After the pacification of South Vietnam, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty set up Boer County and Zhu Ya County on Hainan Island for the first time.

In addition to the above twenty-five creations, there are several other firsts in the history of China, so I won't go into details here.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and his career are the products of China's ancient history, involving the development and evolution of China's ancient ideology and culture, rites and music customs, science and technology, social economy, political system, national conditions and other aspects of social life.

Impressed by the great achievements of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty in rejuvenating China and the thrilling struggle of the people at that time, this paper records an ancient poem "Praising Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty" written by modern people to commemorate that great era and provide reference for evaluating Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty:

What does Liang Wudi want? Be both civil and military, revitalize the ancient country.

Shao Fahua unified Jiutian and dared to attack the Xiongnu in Liuhe.

Repentance disappointed people, enriched them and started a new road.

The stormy Maoling is still there, and the songs of Zanzi in the Spring and Autumn Period are eternal.