Which country has the richest geothermal resources in the world?

Iceland is the country with the richest geothermal resources in the world. There are 250 geothermal areas in China, with huge thermal energy reserves. If all of them are used, it can generate more than 80 billion kWh of electricity every year. Naiyaweril geothermal area is a part of Heingil volcano geothermal area with the largest energy in Iceland. Naiyawell geothermal power station is a geothermal power station established by Reykjavik Energy Company in the high-temperature geothermal area near Naiyawell, which integrates the functions of generating electricity and producing hot water. The power station currently has three generator sets with a total installed capacity of 90,000 kilowatts; The hot water production capacity is 1 100 liters per second.

85% of Iceland's population uses geothermal energy for heating. Reykjavik, the capital, makes full use of geothermal energy, partly from wells in the city and partly from geothermal areas in the north of the capital. The temperature of hot water is 80 to 140 degrees Celsius. It is transported to the city through a long pipeline and then hydrated with circulating water. Water still reaches the house at a temperature of 75 to 80 degrees Celsius. Reykjavik, the capital, means steam beach in Icelandic. In fact, the first thing Icelandic immigrants noticed was the steam rising from the "hot spring valley" in the city center, where Iceland's first hot water well was located. Women in Reykjavik started washing clothes very early.

Svartsengi hot water supply power plant located in Svata, 20km south of Iceland International Airport. Svata Senji Hot Water Supply Plant uses a high-temperature steam well with a depth of 1000m to heat cold water, and then supplies it to surrounding towns and villages. The hot water condensed by steam is transported to the blue lake, which brings joy to tourists. The factory also uses steam turbines to generate electricity. Near the Hunan side of the National Assembly, there is also a new factory for heating the capital, named Nesjavellir, whose operation mode is the same as the former.

Iceland has a world-famous natural geyser named Geysir, which means bursting spring. Now it has become the noun of all geysers in English. Next to it is a geyser, which spews more than 20 meters of water every few minutes. The name means big fountain. The famous Golden Waterfall in Europe is located 10 km north of the geyser. This is the most popular waterfall in Iceland.

Volcanic eruptions often occur in Iceland. On February 26th this year, Mount Haikela, with an altitude of 1, 49 1 m, was the most famous volcano in Iceland. After nearly 10 years of dormancy, it spewed hot lava, and a lot of smoke came out of the crater and reached the sky. The scene is spectacular. Haikela volcano is located at the junction of two major faults in eastern and southern Iceland. According to the literature, in the past 1 100 years, Haikela volcano erupted 17 times, which is a volcano with quite frequent activities. In fact, there is also a crater in the south of the hot spring area, which contains a lake. The name of this crater is Giant Basin. Many Reykjavik people build small houses here, and they live in them at the end of the year and during the summer vacation. Not far from the giant basin is a small town called Copvog, where rows of greenhouses stand. It takes only 45 minutes to drive from the hot springs to Reykjavik.

In Reykjavik, the capital, more than 50 million tons of hot water are used a year, which is equivalent to saving two tons of petroleum energy per person every year. Education centers in rural areas are generally located in places rich in geothermal resources, making it easier to build greenhouses and swimming pools. In addition, most swimming pools in Iceland are outdoor, and you can swim in warm water all year round. Due to the volcanic resources under Iceland, the hot springs in the blue lagoon are always in short supply. Since 1970s, it has been a favorite bathing place for local people. From the humble hardware environment to the newly renovated new blue lagoon hot spring coast, it has won the attention of the international market with its concise and modern characteristics and earned a lot of foreign exchange for the Icelandic government. The new blue lagoon has many new hardware facilities, just like a museum of modernist aesthetics. The combination of dark logs, glass and local rich lava rocks creates a very special soaking atmosphere. The indoor hot spring pool specially designed for winter or bad weather, with high space and large floor-to-ceiling glass up to 7 meters, brings the feeling of empty hot spring coast indoors. The seawater in the blue lagoon is influenced by minerals formed by underground volcanoes. The color of water is like Kirby's milky blue, surrounded by white, and thick water vapor always floats on the water surface, soaking in warm seawater and looking at the nearby scenery. Isn't it the Nordic version of the open-air style? In addition to simple bathing, Blue Lagoon also has sauna, spa and several personal treatments. According to scientific research reports, the special minerals produced by volcanic movement are beneficial to skin care. The Blue Lagoon also made full use of the treasure given by God, and launched its own cosmetics brand-geothermal skin care, which is not only available locally, but also online on the website of the Blue Lagoon. Iceland is located at the junction of the Eurasian plate and the American plate, and the boundary between the two plates runs through the island from southwest to northeast. Active crustal movement and complex terrain make Iceland rich.

Rich geothermal resources. Geothermal wells with great value can be seen everywhere in Iceland, not just in Reykjavik, the capital. According to the distribution of geothermal resources, Iceland has 250 low-temperature zones and more than 20 high-temperature zones. If the water temperature around 1000 meters underground is lower than 150 degrees Celsius, it belongs to the low temperature zone. Most areas with geothermal resources in China belong to this type. On the contrary, if the water temperature at this depth is higher than 200 degrees Celsius, it belongs to the high temperature zone. Most of the high temperature areas are distributed in the volcanic belt running through the country. Reykjavik region belongs to this type. As early as the beginning of the 20th century, Reykjavik municipal government began to use geothermal resources to heat the city in a planned way. By 1970, almost all houses in Reykjavik used cheap hot water for heating and bathing. The subsequent energy crisis made the application of geothermal resources more extensive. Now all residents in the capital area have realized geothermal heating and power generation. 85% of houses in Iceland are centrally heated by geothermal resources. Reykjavik has more than 50 geothermal wells. Mainly operated by the city's energy companies. The company operates the largest and most mature geothermal heating system in the world. Its main power plant is Naiyaweill geothermal power station located in Henderson mountain area. This area is about 30 kilometers away from Reykjavik, which is a very active earthquake zone and one of the geothermal areas with the most energy in Iceland. The power station * * * has 20 geothermal wells, the depth of which is between 1 100-2000m, and the underground water temperature can reach 380 degrees Celsius. This power station integrates power generation and heating. At present, it has two generator sets with a total installed capacity of 60,000 kilowatts and a hot water production capacity of1100L/s. Power plant production is divided into three steps: heat collection power generation and cold water heating. Hot geothermal water and steam are pumped from geothermal wells. After separation, the steam in them first drives the turbine to generate electricity, and then the extracted low-temperature lake water is heated to 60 degrees Celsius to 70 degrees Celsius. The remaining hot water is used to heat the lake for the second time. When the water temperature rises to 85℃ to 90℃, it is transported to the urban area through a pipeline with a diameter of 90 cm. Due to the use of good thermal insulation materials, the temperature of hot water only drops by 2 degrees Celsius during long-distance transportation. This is due to a special heat insulation material used in the transmission pipeline, which was extracted from volcanic lava by Icelanders. There are three geothermal power plants around Reykjavik, including one in Naiyaweill, which provides hot water and electricity for 286,000 Icelanders. In addition to building heating and power generation, Icelanders are also good at improving the utilization efficiency of geothermal resources, including planting vegetables and flowers in greenhouses, establishing all-weather outdoor swimming pools, and laying hot water pipes under sidewalks and parking lots to speed up the melting of snow in winter. A swimming resort was also opened on the southern coast of Reykjavik, which discharged a lot of hot water to raise the water temperature. In recent years, governments all over Iceland have attached great importance to environmental protection, and environmental factors are important factors that governments at all levels must consider when making decisions. Geothermal heating projects have been built in places with geothermal energy in Iceland. Compared with burning coal or oil, the carbon dioxide emission when using geothermal resources is very small. Because geothermal resources are cheap and clean, since 1975 Iceland used geothermal resources on a large scale, energy imports such as oil have been greatly reduced, and greenhouse gas emissions such as carbon dioxide have reached international standards decades ahead of schedule. Iceland has now become one of the cleanest countries in the world and plans to become the first country in the world to use renewable and clean energy in the near future.