What are the advantages and disadvantages of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project?

social meaning

1 to solve the water shortage problem in the north;

2. Increase the carrying capacity of water resources and improve the efficiency of resource allocation;

3. Make northern China a water-saving and pollution-proof society with reasonable allocation of water resources and good water environment;

4. It is beneficial to alleviate the restriction of water shortage on the urbanization development in the northern region and promote the local urbanization process;

5. Ensure the perennial navigable water source of Jining-Xuzhou section of Beijing-Hangzhou Canal. The two major commodity grain bases in western Shandong and northern Jiangsu have been consolidated and developed.

economic meaning

1, providing guarantee for the economic development in the north;

2. Promote the strategic adjustment of the economic structure;

3. Improve water resources conditions, increase potential productivity and form economic growth;

4. Expand domestic demand, promote harmonious development and boost GDP.

Ecological significance

1, improve the ecological environment in Huang-Huai-Hai area;

2. Improve the quality of local drinking water in the north, and effectively solve the groundwater quality problems caused by natural reasons in some parts of the north, such as high fluorine water, brackish water and other water sources containing substances harmful to human health;

3. It is beneficial to replenish groundwater in the north and protect local wetlands and biodiversity;

negative impact

First of all, the South-to-North Water Transfer Project has caused a wide range of social disputes since it was put forward. Opponents mainly think that the South-to-North Water Diversion Project is expensive, involving a large number of immigrants, and the water regulation is too small to bring economic benefits into play, while the water regulation is too large. The dry season may make the Yangtze River short of water, affect the navigation of the Yangtze River channel, deepen the salt tide in the Yangtze River estuary, and more easily lead to the natural environmental and ecological crisis in the Yangtze River basin. The impact of the "three-line" synchronous water transfer scheme under construction on the ecological environment may still exceed the imagination of domestic "experts".

Second, after the implementation of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, the original flood storage and power generation function of the Three Gorges Project has been controversial. The simultaneous effects of the Three Gorges Project and the South-to-North Water Diversion Project may have an immeasurable impact on the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (including ecology and shipping), especially in the dry season and dry season.

3. Liu Shukun, chief engineer of Institute of Hydraulics, China Academy of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, and chief engineer of Disaster and Environment Research Center, questioned that the South-to-North Water Transfer Project was due to the drought in southwest China at the beginning of 20 10. He believes that the once-in-a-century drought in southwest China should be corrected and the frequency and possibility of drought should be reassessed. "The results of these assessments will affect water conservancy dispatching, and when major water conservancy projects will start, how big the scale is and how big the impact is, they should be re-evaluated," Liu said.

4. The relocation of 330,000 people in Hubei Province and Henan Province of the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer has brought turmoil to the lives of immigrants. Some immigrants can only buy a small piece of cultivated land because of insufficient compensation after buying the housing provided by the government. However, there are few job opportunities in resettlement places, and some people have to plan to leave their homes to work in big cities.

5. The cost of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project has been higher than the existing cost of seawater desalination. At present, the lowest cost of seawater desalination is about 3 yuan, and the current cost of South-to-North Water Transfer Project is about 18 yuan. It is also reported that it has reached 18 yuan.

Sixth, environmental damage.

1 and "three lines" water diversion at the same time will lead to the expected changes in the ecology along the Yangtze River basin, which is not conducive to protecting the existing ecology along the Yangtze River. This may lead to the decrease of channel capacity in the dry season of the Yangtze River. The scope and extent of its ecological impact have exceeded the understanding of China "experts".

2. The interaction between the Middle Route Project and the Three Gorges Water Control Project will cause environmental changes in the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River and the Yangtze River, and cause immeasurable losses to Wuhan and Hubei.

3. The influence of the East Route Water Diversion Project on the Yangtze River Estuary leads to the secondary salinization of the soil in the northern irrigation area.