How is Mongolia independent?

19112 On February 28th, outer Mongolia declared "independence", and Russia claimed to be the protectorate of Mongolia. After the abdication of the Qing emperor, the Beiyang government continued to negotiate with Russia, and signed the Sino-Russian Mongolia Agreement on June 7, 2005, barely retaining its legal sovereignty over Mongolia.

1924, the China government and the Soviet government signed the Outline Agreement for Solving Outstanding Cases, which still stipulated that Outer Mongolia was a part of China's territory and China enjoyed territorial sovereignty. 1May, 924, the eighth Zhebuzun Danba died of illness. A month later, Mongolia abolished the constitutional monarchy, established a * * * peace system and established the People's Republic of Mongolia.

From 65438 to 0945, the National Government and the Soviet Union signed the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance. According to the original text of the treaty, the government of the Republic of China allows the independence of Outer Mongolia to be decided according to the results of a fair referendum.

1945, 10, 10 On October 20th, the people of outer Mongolia held a referendum under the supervision and control of the authorities of outer Mongolia and the Soviet Union. The results show that 97.8% of the citizens are in favor of the independence of Outer Mongolia. The National Government officially recognized the independence of Outer Mongolia on 19461October 5.

1949 65438+ 10 In October, Mao Zedong informally tried to make a request to the Soviet Union through mikoyan, hoping that Outer Mongolia would return to China, but it was rejected. Since the Soviet Union was People's Republic of China (PRC)'s main helper, and Outer Mongolia actually broke away from China's rule for nearly 30 years, People's Republic of China (PRC) established diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of Mongolia in June 1949+ 10/6.

At that time, the policy of the * * * production party was to support the independence of outer Mongolia. 1950, President Mao Zedong of the China government visited the Soviet Union, and in order to win the diplomatic support of the Soviet Union, he signed the Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance between China and the Soviet Union, so as to recognize Mongolia's independence, ensure the Soviet Union to return the administrative rights of Lushun military port and Dalian and the management rights of China long railway, and all the benefits that the Soviet Union gained in northeast China under the Treaty of Friendship and Alliance between China and the Soviet Union.

1994 The two countries signed the Treaty of Friendship and Mutual Assistance between China and Mongolia, respecting each other's national sovereignty and territorial integrity.

Extended data:

Mongolia (Mongolian: монголулс, English: Mongolia), referred to as "Mongolia". Located between People's Republic of China (PRC) and Russia, Mongolia is a landlocked country surrounded by the two countries. Although it is not bordered by Kazakhstan, its westernmost end is only 38 kilometers away from the easternmost end of Kazakhstan. The capital and the largest city in China is Ulaanbaatar, accounting for 45% of the total population.

With a land area of 1 564, 1 16 square kilometers, Mongolia is the country with the largest land area of 19 in the world and the second largest landlocked country in the world after Kazakhstan. With a population of about 3 million, it is the lowest population density country in the world. Mongolia has less arable land, and most of its territory is covered by grassland. It is mountainous in the north and west, and the Gobi Desert in the south. About 30% of the population is nomadic or semi-nomadic.

The main religion is Tibetan Buddhism, and the main ethnic group is Mongolian. There are also ethnic minorities such as Kazak and Tuwa in the west. The per capita GDP is 465438 USD +068 (20 14). 1997 Joining the World Trade Organization.

Baidu encyclopedia-Mongolia