Why did Hainan separate from Guangdong to build an independent province?

Historically, Hainan Province has been under the administrative jurisdiction of Guangdong Province. Why did you decide on 1988 to separate Hainan Island and establish a new province? Hainan Island is small in area and relatively poor in resources. If we put it together with Guangdong Province, which is rich in materials, wouldn't it have more room for development? At first glance, this is really ridiculous, but if we analyze it carefully, we will actually understand the reason.

Hainan island is a typical pre-Qin dynasty? Overseas land? Although the Qin Dynasty tried to conquer Hainan Island, it ended in failure due to the natural geographical barrier of Qiongzhou Strait. It was not until the Western Han Dynasty destroyed the South Vietnamese regime established by Zhao Tuo that Hainan Island was officially under the jurisdiction of the Central Plains Dynasty.

From the Han Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty, Hainan Island was always the place where the Central Plains Dynasty exiled prisoners. Although the imperial court set up counties here, the management here was very loose, resulting in a large number of non-bandits and less Han Chinese. To some extent, the exile of prisoners at that time was also a disguised population filling policy.

When the Yuan Dynasty established the provincial system, Hainan Island was directly placed under the administrative jurisdiction of Guangdong Province because of its small area. However, due to the inconvenient transportation mode at that time, there was Qiongzhou Strait in the middle, and Hainan Island belonged to Guangzhou Province, but it was only superficial.

With the continuous development of navigation technology in China after the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, the rulers of the Ming Dynasty began to realize the importance of Hainan Island and strengthened the development and management of Hainan Island.

In order to facilitate management, the Ming court set up a relatively perfect administrative machine in Hainan Island. The capital of Qiongzhou? Administer Hainan Island. In order to develop Hainan Island, Han Chinese are encouraged to emigrate to Hainan Island, and people are supported to reclaim wasteland and develop agriculture and commerce.

According to the relevant data of Hainan Island, from the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, there were 2.4 million Han people who migrated to Hainan Island from the mainland, and the entry of a large number of Han people laid a solid foundation for the development of Hainan Island.

Because everything in Hainan in the Ming and Qing dynasties was made up of? The capital of Qiongzhou? So, how to deal with it? The capital of Qiongzhou? With a perfect administrative jurisdiction system, although Hainan Island belongs to Guangdong in name, its jurisdiction is particularly weak in Guangdong. Therefore, the jurisdiction of Guangdong Province over Hainan Island has always been relative in history. Independent? .

At some time in modern times, foreign forces? Cut off? The connection between Guangdong and Hainan Island. 1858, in order to expand the trade scope in China, Britain forced the Qing government to open the coast of Qiongzhou, and Qiongzhou Strait is the shortest passage connecting Hainan Island and Guangdong. After Britain took control of Qiongzhou Strait, Guangdong's jurisdiction over Hainan Island was weakened again.

At that time, the development of Hainan Island was influenced by British colonialism, so to some extent, Hainan Island was more inclined than Chinese mainland. A semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. /kloc-At the end of 0/9, Hainan Island almost left the Qing Dynasty because of the Sino-foreign war. These incidents actually weakened the ties between Guangdong and Hainan Island.

After the demise of the Qing Dynasty and the founding of the Republic of China, the Beiyang government increased its jurisdiction over Hainan Island. During the First World War, because Britain was busy with the war on its own doorstep, it relaxed its exploitation of China. In this case, the China government began to continuously strengthen the reform of Hainan Island.

In 1930s, according to the actual situation of Hainan Island, the government of the Republic of China drew up a plan to designate Hainan Island as a special administrative region. However, due to the war, the plan was shelved until 1949 Hainan Island Special Administrative Region was implemented. 1950 After the liberation of Hainan Island, the management system of the Republic of China was still adopted, but the title of Hainan Special Administrative Region was cancelled.

Although the administration of Hainan Province belongs to Guangdong Province, Hainan Island still has its own independent administrative system, which was not banned until the Cultural Revolution.

So throughout the modern period, Hainan Island has maintained a kind of? Autonomous country. And this state has been maintained for a long time, and it is reasonable to build a province.

Furthermore, it is the need of border defense. After World War II, the strength of maritime power determines whether a country has the ability to defend against enemies from its own land to a certain extent. Therefore, during the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union, both camps were constantly expanding their maritime power.

In the 1980s, the United States set up a multi-layer military barrier in the Asia-Pacific region to curb the development of China's maritime military forces. The situation in the South China Sea of China has been unstable, and many islands in the South China Sea are under Hainan's jurisdiction. Therefore, in a sense, Hainan Island is the base camp of China's maritime defense in the South China Sea.

Under the background of the times at that time, if Hainan was under the jurisdiction of Guangdong, it would lead to a certain delay in the process of information dissemination through the central government of Guangdong. Especially after the South China Sea dispute gradually surfaced, Hainan Island has become the frontier for China and Southeast Asian countries to deal with disputes over islands and reefs.

Guangdong province is originally a big province with many affairs. If the South China Sea dispute is handed over to Guangdong province, it will inevitably increase the workload of the Guangdong provincial government, and there is likely to be a flaw in the handling process.

Therefore, it is very necessary for Hainan Island to establish an independent administrative unit directly under the leadership. At present, China has also implemented some policies to deal with the problems facing the South China Sea. For example, the establishment of Sansha City is directly under Hainan Province.

Finally, it is the need of economic development. Although there are many natural harbors in Hainan Island, due to the closed door of the Qing Dynasty, Hainan Island has remained relatively backward.

After the founding of New China, due to the influence of Soviet economic model, Hainan Island still chose semi-closed management, which led to the loss of many development opportunities. In addition, Hainan Island cannot communicate directly with the mainland, which leads to poverty within Hainan Island.

In 1980s, in order to seek an economic system in line with China's national conditions, China opened some special economic zones in some coastal cities for pilot operation. However, these special economic zones are directly connected with the mainland after all, and there will naturally be some problems during the trial operation.

In contrast, Hainan Island is an area that is not connected with the mainland, and there are many natural harbors that can communicate with overseas countries.

Therefore, Hainan Island can be used as a pilot project of all-round development of special economic zones, which is also the reason why the central government decided to designate Hainan Province as a special economic zone. After all, it is more representative to regard Hainan Province as an independent economic development zone. After Hainan Island was designated as a special economic zone, it really attracted a large number of overseas investors and contributed to Hainan's economic development.