The Life of Thomas Jefferson's Characters

Jefferson was born in a wealthy family, ranking third among ten brothers (two miscarriages). Father named Peter Jefferson, a farmer and land surveyor, owns a farm named Shadwell in Albemarle County, Virginia. Mother Jane Randolph is the daughter of Ethan Randolph and Jane Rogers, and the cousin of Peter Jefferson. Assam got married in Shadwell parish church in east London, England. Thomas Jefferson's parents were both immigrant families living in Virginia.

After the mansion was destroyed by fire, Peter Jefferson moved his family to the marginal mountain. The ridge was named after the first battle of the English Civil War that helped john lilburne develop his political career in the 7th century. Jefferson's sister Lucy married Charles Li Erben Lewis and named a son Libney. My brother Randolph also named a son Liebnet. 1752 Jefferson was educated in a school run by Scottish priest william douglas. At the age of nine, he began to learn Latin, ancient Greek and French. 1757, 14 Jefferson lost his father. He inherited about 5,000 acres of land and dozens of black slaves. Jefferson built his own house on the land he inherited, which was later named Monticello.

After his father's death, Jefferson received an education in a school run by the learned pastor James Maury from 1758 to 1760. The school is located in the parish of Fort fredericks, 0/2 miles (19 kilometers) away from Shadwell. Jefferson boarded with Murray, received a classical education, and studied history and natural science. On his deathbed, his father told him to receive a complete classical education, learn Greek and Latin from Mali, and read works. Don't waste your time; 1752- 1757 studying Latin, Greek and French at Dover Church School near Tukaho; 1757 after his father died, he entered Mali primary school and met James Mali, Dabney Carr, John E. Walker and james madison. Hunting, horseback riding, walking and playing the violin in the mountains. Jefferson used to be a member of the mysterious flat hat club in the college, and now all the student newspapers in the college are named after this club. 1762 After graduating with honors, he turned to study law with his mentor and friend George Wythe, and was qualified as a lawyer in Virginia on 1767.

Jefferson was admitted as a lawyer in Virginia from 65438 to 0767. Set up an office in Williamsburg, have a deep understanding of legal theory and practice, have persuasive arguments, and respect simplicity, simplicity, frankness and powerful eloquence; Oppose rhetoric, rhetoric to win, rhetoric, chatter and posturing. In seven years, lawyers have handled more than 1000 cases and defended Samuel Hovell, a mixed-race child 1770 cases; 177 1 year, the court was famous for its jurisdiction over the Christian church, and at this time, the theory of religious freedom was formed ideologically.

Lawyer's occupation and planting farm have considerable income, rich but not lewd. 1769, they built houses on Monticello Mountain. In February 1770, 1, Friedrich Hirth, the books were completely destroyed, and two years later, they increased to 1250. 1769, Jefferson was elected as a member of the Virginia parliament. 1773, he and Patrick Henry and others set up the Virginia Communications Commission to fight against Britain.

1774, Jefferson implemented this law in the House of Commons of Virginia. He wrote an overview of British American rights in 1774, and led the Virginia local council to the Congress. This pamphlet became a powerful argument for Americans against British colonists, promoted American independence and marked Jefferson as one of the most profound debaters among patriots.

1776 In September, Jefferson returned to Virginia and was elected to the newly established Virginia House of Representatives. During his tenure, Jefferson was determined to reform the state's legal system and make Virginia a democratic state. In three years, he drafted 126 bills, including abolishing the right of the eldest son to inherit, establishing religious freedom, and modernizing the judicial system. From 65438 to 0778, Jefferson's More General Knowledge Dissemination Act promoted a series of academic reforms in his alma mater, including the first elective system established by American universities.

Jefferson was the governor of Virginia from 1779 to 178 1 and supervised the migration of Virginia from Williamsburg to Richmond in 1780. He kept calling for the educational reform of William and Mary College, including China's first honor code of student autonomy. 1779, at Jefferson's instruction, William and Mary College appointed George Wheeler as the first law professor in American universities. Dissatisfied with the reform process, Jefferson later founded the University of Virginia, the first institution of higher learning in the United States that had nothing to do with religious teachings.

During Jefferson's administration, Virginia was invaded by Britain twice. Jefferson himself was captured several times by the British cavalry who raided Charlottesville, but he finally escaped. The people's feelings were angry at the government's inability to resist aggression, which almost ruined Jefferson's political future; But after the siege of Yorktown, public anger gradually subsided.

Jefferson was stationed in France as a diplomatic envoy from 1785 to 1789, and was unable to attend the constitutional convention in the United States. Although he gradually supported the new constitution, he still believed that it was flawed because it lacked a bill of rights.

1789 In September, Jefferson became the first Secretary of State of the United States, and he founded the the State Council. During his tenure, he disagreed with alexander hamilton on economic and foreign policy. 1793 resigned as secretary of state at the end of the year, and established and led the Democratic Party to compete with the Federalist Party led by Hamilton, which had a great influence on the formation and development of the two-party system in the United States in the future.

In the 1796 presidential election, Jefferson was elected as the vice president after john adams. So far, Jefferson is the only person who has served as the vice president of the United States and then been elected as the president twice. 1800 in the presidential election, Jefferson defeated President Adams and was elected the third president of the United States. People call Jefferson's victory a 1800 revolution, because it marks the decline of federalism and the harmonious rise of * * *. Immediately after he took office, he repealed many annoying federal laws. During his two terms as president, he abolished the naturalization law, the citizenship law, the hostile alien law and the rebellion suppression law promulgated by the previous Adams administration to guarantee people's basic rights. Actively implement the policy of expanding to the west. During Jefferson's tenure, he sent people to France to negotiate with a view to buying New Orleans and West Florida. At that time, Napoleon was at war with Britain, and was in urgent need of war funds, so he agreed to the terms and sold a large area of land from the Mississippi River to the Loki Mountains. This real estate transaction, after bargaining, was finally sold at the price of 3 cents per mu, which is known as the "Louisiana Purchase Event". The deal doubled the territory of the United States. At the same time, Jefferson also sent meriwether lewis and william clark expeditions to explore the northwest of the United States in 1800. 1on March 4, 805, Jefferson was re-elected as the president of the United States and signed a law prohibiting the import of slaves from abroad.

He has been engaged in political activities for nearly sixty years and is a great hero in the eyes of the American people. Jefferson was a bourgeois democratic thinker who advocated equality of human rights, freedom of speech, freedom of religion and freedom of individuals. The law he drafted to abolish inheritance restrictions dealt a heavy blow to the feudal remnants brought from Britain to the United States. He drafted the Statue of Religious Freedom in Virginia, which was passed by the state legislature, thus realizing the separation of church and state. During Jefferson's presidency, the United States "bought" Louisiana from the French, which almost doubled the territory of the United States. He also sent an expedition to the west to extend the western border of the United States to the Pacific coast. During his administration, he carried out some democratic reforms, led the struggle against pro-British conservative forces, and worked hard to safeguard bourgeois democracy, which played a positive and progressive role in the rapid development of American capitalism and created conditions. Jefferson remained actively involved in public affairs after he left office as president. He devoted most of his energy to establishing a new institution of higher learning, and devoted himself to eliminating the influence of the church on school affairs, so that students could concentrate on a new world that his university could not provide. In a letter sent to Joseph priestley on 1800, he explained that he had been thinking for decades before he really established a university.

His dream came true in 18 19. Because of the establishment of the University of Virginia, the state legislature approved an annual appropriation of 1500 dollars to promote his studies. When the school started enrolling students on 1825, it was the first university to offer all elective courses for students (although only 30 students signed up for the first session); The campus was one of the largest architectural cases in North America at that time. It is worth noting that the campus of the school is centered on the library, not the church. In fact, the original case did not include the campus chapel at all. Jefferson often invited visiting teachers and students to his home, and edgar allan poe was one of the visitors at that time.

The University of Virginia aims to be the highest institution in the state. Jefferson's view is that all residents of the state can enter school through a single standard. His home in Virginia has become a hot spot for tourists. Anyone who has visited this place will be deeply impressed by this great politician's gadgets. This person who has been in politics all his life is a person with a wide range of interests and likes to come up with something new by himself. The double doors in his living room will open and close synchronously. It was he who installed the device to connect the two door shafts under the floor. The food cooked in the basement kitchen is sent to the restaurant upstairs by elevator. This kind of equipment is very common in restaurants, but Jefferson was the first person to make it. He modified the clock on the wall. It is equipped with a vertically moving pointer to indicate the day of the week, which can be said to be the first calendar clock in the world. He wrote a lot of letters and manuscripts in his life. Carbon paper was not invented at that time. He used a special copying equipment to get two identical manuscripts at a time, so he wrote a letter with his own manuscript.

He spent most of his life in politics, went to France once, and later became president for eight years, often going out. He invented a portable writing desk, which is a suitcase in his hand. It was a desk when he put it down. When he opened it, it was his favorite newspaper. There are ink bottles, quill pens and a knife for sharpening quill pens in the small drawer. In the side drawer, there are his daily necessities, as well as a wax seal and seal that a politician must use. In a word, although the box is small, a gentleman has everything he needs in his study. Wherever he goes, he has everything he needs. Such a small box is equivalent to a fully functional notebook computer 200 years ago today. Jefferson and President Washington were the first generation founders who attached great importance to innovation and invention. During the turbulent years of the American Revolution, neither of them forgot to take time to order flowers and vegetables from Britain and continental Europe, and wrote home, urging them not to miss the season of sowing new varieties.

When Washington was the first president of the United States, he asked Jefferson to be Secretary of State. At that time, Britain was the most powerful country in the world, and the manufacturing center was in Britain and continental Europe. The United States is only a remote and backward exporter of agricultural and forestry products, exporting cotton, wood, tobacco, rice and wool to Europe, and almost all industrial products are imported from Europe. The first generation of American leaders know that although the United States has resources, it will never become a powerful country if it does not make resources. It is the iron law in the era of industrial revolution to let who be powerful. To this end, the United States must recruit technical talents, and talents will have their own manufacturing industry. Since then, it has created a tradition of special preferential treatment for technical talents in the United States. So far, Americans have an unwritten understanding that the United States must be the place in the world that provides the best conditions for talents. Where the talent conditions are better than those in the United States, the United States will certainly put forward better conditions to surpass that place.

1790, the year after Washington took office, he asked Jefferson to establish a patent protection system as soon as possible. During Washington's presidency, Jefferson came to power, and the United States passed the patent law to protect innovation and invention. Since then, the United States has become the place with the strictest protection and innovation in the world. Quite simply, this is the best condition for talents in the United States. interest

Jefferson was an outstanding architect. He brought the Palladian architecture popular among British Whigs to the United States, which had a far-reaching impact on the American architectural style of later generations. This style has something to do with * * * and the Party's enlightenment thoughts on civil morality and political freedom. The Monticello designed by Jefferson is very famous. There are automatic doors, rotating chairs for the first time and many conveniences invented by Jefferson himself. The University of Virginia near here is the only institution of higher learning founded by the president in the United States, and its teaching plan and construction plan are arranged by Jefferson. Today, Montessoro and the University of Virginia have become one of the only four cultural world heritages in the United States. Jefferson also participated in the architectural design of the Virginia Parliament Building in Nimes. Mes) is based on Maison Carrée, an ancient Roman temple. Jefferson's case started the trend of American federal architecture.

One of Jefferson's hobbies is archaeology, which can be traced back to his childhood training. Jefferson is sometimes called the father of archaeology in recognition of his role in the development of cultural relics excavation technology. When he excavated an Indian grave in his own industry in 1784, he did not follow the general practice at that time-that is, dug until the cultural relics were unearthed-but made a gap in the grave for research.

Jefferson loved his own fish pond. The fish pond is bowl-shaped and about three feet (one meter) deep, which is used to raise the fish tank he caught. The fish pond has been rebuilt today, in the west of Montessori. Jefferson liked to taste wine. During his stay in France (1784 ─ 1789), he visited the major wine producing areas in Europe and sent excellent wines to his hometown. He once made a bold and well-known declaration: "We can brew fine wines in the United States that match the diverse flavors of Europe. They are not exactly the same, but they are undoubtedly the same sweetness." Grapes are widely planted in Montessoro, and a large part of them are European wine grape varieties. All the grapes were not spared from the grape diseases of Native Americans.

He wrote a handbook of parliamentary practice in 18 12, which is still in use today.

18 14 After Washington, D.C. and the Library of Congress were burned down by the British, Jefferson provided his personal collection to the country. Congress generously accepted a grant of $23, and 950 yuan bought 6,487 books worth 50,000 yuan, which laid the foundation of the National Library and partially solved Jefferson's financial difficulties. Today, the federal legislation information on the website of the Library of Congress is named Thomas in recognition of its contribution. [2]

He also served as president of the American Philosophical Association for many years. Jefferson was studious, versatile and had a wide range of interests. He is a land surveyor, architect, paleontologist, philosopher, phonologist and writer. He knows Latin, Greek, French, Spanish and Italian. He is also interested in mathematics, agriculture and architecture, and even the violin.