[Geography] The advantages and disadvantages of population migration to the migration areas (cities) and the migration areas (rural areas) respectively.

Benefits: 1 Providing a large number of cheap labor for immigrant areas and promoting economic development; 2. Improve the urbanization level of the places where people move in, and promote the development of the secondary industry and the tertiary industry; 3. Improve the economic competitiveness of the places where people move in and activate the market; 4. It is conducive to the economic, cultural, scientific and technological links between the places where people move in and out, and is conducive to social and economic development.

Disadvantages: 1 Increased the burden of public facilities such as education and transportation in immigrant areas and the difficulty of urban management; 2. It increases the environmental pressure in the place where the population moves in, and increases the employment and social security pressure in the place where the population moves in; 3. Increased the difficulty of family planning work in immigrant areas.

Move out of the area:

Benefits: It strengthens the economic, cultural, scientific and technological ties between the emigration place and the outside world, increases economic income, and is conducive to the social and economic development of the emigration place; 2. Relieved the contradiction between people and land in the areas where the population moved out, reduced the employment pressure, and was conducive to better developing and utilizing the land resources in the vast rural areas.

Disadvantages: 1 It leads to brain drain and labor shortage in the emigration area, which further affects the further development of the economy in the emigration area; 2. It leads to the imbalance of sex ratio in the places where the population moves out, resulting in the problems of "left-behind children", "left-behind women" and "left-behind elderly people".