Present situation and countermeasures of crescent spring

There are many sayings about the mystery that Crescent Moon Spring is exposed to a hundred-year strong wind. Some people think that this area may be the bend of the original Danghe River and a part of the Dunhuang Oasis. Because of the movement of sand dunes and the change of waterways, it has become a separate water body. Because of the low terrain, the water seeping from the ground is constantly replenished into the spring water, making it trickle and not dry up in the drought. This explanation seems to be one of the reasons why the crescent spring did not disappear, but it cannot explain why the flying sand did not fall into the crescent spring.

water level lowering

The formation of crescent spring mainly depends on three factors: the geological structure of crescent spring itself, the topographic conditions of low-lying land and the groundwater level in the high-positioned area. In the late 1940s, the groundwater level in Dunhuang City and its southern area was about10m higher than the water level. When the water level is high, the groundwater in the northwest plain enters the spring area through underground runoff and overflows in the low-lying depression, forming a crescent spring. Higher regional groundwater level is an important condition for the formation of crescent spring, and it is also the basic guarantee for the crescent spring to remain dry for thousands of years.

The crescent spring in history is not only "inexhaustible", but also has a great surface and depth. According to documents, during the Qing Dynasty, big ships could still sail here. At the beginning of the 20th century, someone came here to fish, and the travel notes said, "The water in the pool is extremely deep, and the bottom is sand, which is unfathomable." In the limited historical records and poems and songs, Crescent Moon Spring has always been said to be rippling with blue waves, shallow fish and lush aquatic plants, which set each other off in harmony with Mingsha Mountain. Among the local people, there are three treasures: iron back fish, seven-star grass and five-color sand. Until 1960 years ago, the spring water did not change much, with the maximum water depth of 9 meters and the lake area of 22.5 mu.

In the mid-1970s, due to pumping irrigation, the destruction of surrounding vegetation and soil erosion, the groundwater level in Dunhuang and the water level in Crescent Spring dropped sharply. The minimum storage time of crescent spring is 1985, when the average water depth of crescent spring is only 0.7 ~ 0.8 meters. Because of lack of water, the spring dried up at that time, but people could leave, and the crescent spring also formed two Koizumi who were no longer crescent-shaped. This makes "whether the Crescent Moon Spring will disappear tomorrow" become the focus of many people's attention. Since then, Dunhuang city has taken various ways to replenish water to Crescent Spring.

The movement of Mingsha Mountain is threatening Crescent Spring.

According to statistics, from 1995 to 15 in 20 10, the ridges of Dongshan and Nanshan in Mingsha Mountain around Yueya Spring moved 8 ~ 10 meters to Yueya Spring, and the area between north and south mountains decreased by 7%. Compared with the 1970s, the bottom of the sand dunes around Crescent Moon Spring has moved by 1.3 ~ 60m, so Crescent Moon Spring, known as "the wonder of the desert", is threatened by sand dunes. Since 2000, Dunhuang City has taken emergency measures to replenish the rivers around the Crescent Spring to replenish the water level of the Crescent Spring, thus temporarily preventing the Crescent Spring from drying up.

In 2004, the water level dropped to 1.3 meters, and the spring area decreased to 7.8 mu. The water level of Crescent Moon Spring swirls around 1 meter. If it is not fundamentally treated, Crescent Moon Spring, a world-class heritage, will be in danger of drying up.

With the implementation of the loan of 20 million yuan from China Development Bank, the emergency treatment project of crescent spring water level decline will also be started at the end of 2006. Crescent Spring will be rescued by various means such as "saving water", "replenishing water" and "diverting water".

1994 65438+1October 10, Gansu Mingsha Mountain-Yueya Spring Scenic Spot was approved by the State Council to be included in the third batch of national scenic spots.

Due to the ecological deterioration in the surrounding areas, since the 1960s, the water level of Yueya Spring in Mingsha Mountain in Dunhuang City has dropped by 6 to 7 meters, and the water area has been greatly reduced. In order to save the magical desert landscape of crescent spring in Mingsha Mountain, the emergency treatment project of crescent spring water level decline with a total investment of 4 1 10,000 yuan was officially put into operation in early 2007. In the emergency treatment project, four seepage fields were built around the crescent spring to seep underground, and the water level of the crescent spring was maintained and improved by increasing the groundwater level around the crescent spring. The project was completed in May 2008, and the water level of Crescent Spring was stable and gradually rising.

With the emergency treatment project of Yueya Spring in Dunhuang, Gansu Province put into use, the water level of Yueya Spring continues to rise. Dunhuang Crescent Spring regenerates "Purple Spring", and the spectacle of "Three Springs Dependent" appears.

Crescent Spring, which looks like a crescent moon, is located 5 kilometers south of Dunhuang City, Gansu Province. It has become a famous scenic spot in China because of the eternal natural wonders of "sand water * * * mountain spring * * *".

After several years of emergency treatment, the serious decline in the water level of Crescent Spring, a famous scenic spot in Dunhuang, a desert oasis, has been initially curbed and rebounded. In 2008, the water area of Yueya Spring expanded to 1 1 mu, and the water level has risen by 0.6 meters. Mingsha Mountain and Crescent Spring in Dunhuang are two natural wonders of the Gobi Desert, which are famous for their unique natural landscapes of mountain springs and sandy waters, and have been approved as national key scenic spots by the State Council.

Dunhuang City, Gansu Province spared no effort to save Crescent Moon Spring, which is the pearl of the sand sea. The policy of "three prohibitions" on land reclamation, well drilling and migration was implemented, and measures such as closing wells to reduce cultivated land, replenishing water, saving water and diverting water were implemented, and the crescent spring was "filled with water" in a planned way, which initially controlled the downward trend of the water level in the crescent spring. By June of 20 10, the water level of crescent spring was stable, and the average water depth remained at about 1.7 meters.