Doris Republic * * *

Luo Fangbo, formerly known as Luo Fangbai, was honored by Luo Fangbo. Born in the third year of Qianlong (A.D. 1738), he "practiced martial arts since childhood, and was the highest among the heroes". Is Lanfang founded by him a country or a big enterprise? Or a gang? My answer is: all three. First, gangs, then enterprises, and finally the state.

In the thirty-seventh year of Qianlong (A.D. 1772), Luo Fangbo, after having obtained the provincial examination, carried forward the Hakka spirit, crossed the ocean and landed in Borneo (present-day western kalimantan island). In East Lv Wan, Luo Fangbo first established Lanfang Association, an organization to protect the Chinese community. In fact, it is a gang, and its main rival is the Heaven and Earth Society. After many battles, heaven and earth perished, and Doris grew and developed.

At that time, East Lv Wan was faced with internal troubles and foreign invasion, internal struggle and external invasion by powerful neighbors. The Dutch colonists in Indonesia, together with the East India Company, launched many armed invasions on the Kundian region. Luo Fangbo and his partners, together with the local people, helped the local Sudanese leaders to quell the rebellion of the indigenous people, won the leadership award, and put East Lv Wan under Luo Fangbo's jurisdiction. This place has a population of more than 65,438+and a gold ore field of several tens of kilometers from north to south, attracting tens of thousands of Chinese and hundreds of thousands of indigenous people, and naturally establishing a huge economic entity-Lanfang Company.

After the establishment of the company, Luo Fangbo cleaned up the local fragmented Chinese groups, chambers of commerce and villages one by one and wiped out all his opponents. At this time, Doris Company has got rid of the gang nature before and officially appeared as an army.

1776, Luo fangbo changed "company" to "* * * Republic" and established an autonomous government. This year was designated as the first year of Lanfang. At that time, Luo Fangbo was recommended as king, and Luo Fangbo disagreed with him. Afterwards, the delegates discussed the establishment of the Lanfang Grand Master System, calling Luo Fangbo the chief or guest of the Tang Dynasty. However, when he sent envoys to Beijing to pay tribute, he still used the name of "Lanfang Company".

Luo Fangbo was the general manager of 19 and died in West Kalimantan on 1795 at the age of 58. After Luo Fangbo's death, Uncle Jiang succeeded him.

In the history of 1 10 years, there were 12 heads of state before and after. The change of head of state is a form between democratic election and abdication. Luo Xianglin's book "* * * and the National Examination on Luo Fangbo's Construction in West Borneo" made such a conclusion: "During the reign of Qing Qianlong, Luo Fangbo lived in Kundian, west of Borneo in Nanyang, encouraging people to mine and helping indigenous Sudan to calm down disasters. At that time, many expatriates returned there. Expedition to the East, conquest of the West, invincible. Sudan knew that it was outnumbered and ruled by dividing the land. Fang Bo established the capital, established the official system, repaired armaments, opened shopping malls, promoted mining and metallurgy, and appeased the people. Lan Fang was established in the Yuan Dynasty. When the People's Republic of China was founded, it was called General Lan Fang's military system. He was promoted to be the county magistrate of the Tang Dynasty and established a country with land, people, organization and complete sovereignty. "Basically, this is the final decision. Doris is * * * and the country. This statement is widely accepted. On the Internet, if you search for "lost countries", Lan Fang is one of them.

"Lanfang Company" was dissolved by the Dutch in 1884, and there was a * * * in 107, which was the last China company in Borneo. Before this, in 1850, when another China company, Dagang Company, confronted the Dutch, Lan Fang sided with the Dutch. At that time, some people of the defeated Dagang Company fled to the territory of Lanfang, and were intercepted by Liu Asheng, the matriarch of Lanfang at that time, with more than 600 able-bodied men. They paid the weapons of Dagang people, captured the leaders and gave them to the Dutch. It is said that this is because of the feud with Dagang before-Dagang Company had a conflict with another China company, Sanjiaogou Company. Lan Fang's people saved 80 Sanjiaogou people and brought them to the boat, only to find that the boat drifted to Dagang's site and all of them were killed.

In fact, the struggle between China people of different factions and regions was very serious in Chinese mainland, and they still fought overseas. However, after the collapse of Dagang Company, the days of Doris Company will not last long. 1884 After Liu Asheng died, people in the company had different opinions on his successor, and the Dutch took the opportunity to announce the takeover. Despite the resistance of Lanfang people, the general trend has gone.

In the history of Doris 100 years, I have never seen what the then China government said to them. In the chronicle, "Luo Taige first intended to pacify the coast and become a genus, and paid tribute to the DPRK every year, such as Annan and Siam." Some people say that Lan Fang sent someone to the Qing court to ask for admission. At that time, Gan Long did not receive them, but sent an important person to meet them. However, Li, a professor at the Nanyang Institute of Xiamen University, pointed out that all these legends are not supported by historical data. Lanfang company is more likely to die in a corner of Nanyang.

The attitude of the Qing government can be thought of in connection with the comments of the Qing court on the "Hongxi Massacre" created by the Dutch at that time. When the news that tens of thousands of overseas Chinese were killed in Indonesia reached China, the Qing court said that "those who disobeyed the orders of the mainland and were willing to live permanently should have been punished in China, and they deserved to be killed in foreign countries", which shows their abandonment attitude towards China immigrants. In fact, there are few records about immigrants in the history books of the Qing Dynasty. The official does not admit it, nor does it face it. Instead, it is stipulated that people who come back from abroad privately should be investigated, so that those who go out are even more afraid to come back easily.

However, Gotting, a Dutch scholar who had personal contact with Chinese in China, wrote in his book: "Most of the immigrants who poured into West Borneo were Hakkas. In the hot equator, they get up in the dark day after day and engage in a kind of hard work that even the locals can't stand ... There is a nation that lets its people leave their beautiful homes and make a living in the hot tropics and distant oceans without the support of warships, soldiers or cannons of the motherland. There are few compatriots, few altars, few gods, only strangers who are hostile to them. They don't start their own businesses as a collective with thousands of people, but with the bravest people as pioneers, relying on their own strength, wit and morality to stand on their own feet and advance one by one or in groups. Isn't this commendable courage and physical and mental strength? " After more than half a century, in the 1930s and 1940s, * * * and Guo Cai were really noticed by Chinese people. At that time, there were a number of books on "China's colonial history", and Luo Xianglin's "Master Plan of Lanfang, the Kundian Temple built by Luo Fangbo in Borneo" was one of the books in 194 1. In his book, Luo Xianglin researched Luo Fangbo's life and the rise and fall of Doris Company, and he warmly praised the former local government of China as "a country with complete sovereignty". Luo Xianglin wrote: "The presidential system of Lanfang and the United States of America are different in size and population, but they are both democratic countries, so there is no difference." "In recent years, people in China have said that democracy and harmony have originated in the United States and are close to the law, but I didn't know that our ancestors also had it." Earlier, Liang Qichao also wrote Biography of Eight Colonies in China, from which we can see the growing national consciousness of China people at that time. Luo Fangbo became a celebrity during that time.