Characteristics of clothing of Gaoshan people

Features of Gaoshan costumes The Gaoshan costumes are colorful and gorgeous. Traditional clothing styles include full-length tops, collared tops, bras, vests, long-sleeved tops, skirts, etc. Men and women of all ethnic groups attach great importance to decoration, and there are many types of decorations, including crown decorations, forehead decorations, ear decorations, neck decorations, chest decorations, waist decorations, arm decorations, hand decorations, foot decorations, etc. Most of the decorative materials are natural objects, which are quite distinctive. Such as shell beads, shell slices, glass balls, pig teeth, bear teeth, feathers, animal skins, bamboo tubes, flowers, etc. Among them, shellfish is the most widely used. Not only are many jewelry made directly from it, but the Atayal and Saisiyat people also used it to embroider strings of shellfish on their tops to make precious shellfish clothing. The shell jacket is made of two sleeveless tops made of linen as the base, with strings of shell beads sewn on them. The production method is generally to first cut the clam clams into small slices, then carefully grind them into beads one by one, and then string the tiny shell beads into strings and sew them on the hems and sides of the linen clothes. At the hem, it even covers the whole body. It is called Bei Yi, Bei Zhu Yi or Pearl Yi. Each piece of shell clothing requires tens to hundreds of thousands of shell beads. Making a shell is very complex and difficult and takes a long time and effort. Therefore, it is a symbol of power and wealth, and was mostly owned by chiefs and wealthy people in the past. Currently, only the Ethnology Museum of Minzu University of China and the Anthropology Museum of Xiamen University have collections in mainland China. The clothing of Gaoshan men is generally equipped with feather crowns, horn crowns and flower crowns. Generally, women from brother ethnic groups like to wear flowers as crowns, and it can be said that it is a characteristic of Gaoshan men to wear flowers as crowns. Men of some tribes also wear earrings, headdresses, footwear, armbands, and bracelets to look colorful. The clothing of Gaoshan women is basically open-front style, with exquisite and beautiful geometric patterns embroidered on the skirt and sleeves. This kind of open-front clothing is suitable for subtropical climates. It can dissipate heat quickly and keep cool. It can also easily show the plump and strong body shape of the human body, making people feel lively, free and charming. Women wear knee-length shorts on their lower bodies, head beads on their heads, bracelets on their wrists, colorful belts on their waists, and garlands of flowers around their necks. Their hats are also very distinctive. Men wear rattan hats when going up the mountain. There is a circular pattern on the top of the hat, which is the totem symbol of the Yami people. Gaoshan people like to wear tall silver helmets when offering sacrifices. The silver helmet is a record of wealth accumulation. They cast the silver coins exchanged in kind into silver rings and made helmets, which were passed down from father to son, and from son to grandson, passed down from generation to generation. The heir would add at least one ring to the helmet, and the son would break the silver helmet into rings and distribute them to his sons. On this basis, new helmets would be cast and passed down from generation to generation. Every festival or when a new ship is launched, people often wear this kind of silver helmet in various celebrations. It is a symbol of hard work, thrift and wealth. There are still some differences in the costumes among the Gaoshan tribes. Clothing is a symbol of culture and the externalization of national aesthetic characteristics. The clothing of the Gaoshan people pursues diversified colors and tends to be bright and gorgeous.

The customs and habits of the Gaoshan people (clothing, customs and residence) The customs and habits of the Gaoshan people

The clothing of the Gaoshan people

The traditional clothes of the Gaoshan people are colorful and colorful. Styles vary from ethnic group to ethnic group.

There are generally four types of clothing styles for Gaoshan men: one is the northern type represented by the Atayal, Saisiyat and northern Amis people. Its characteristic is that two pieces of linen are sewn together to form a sleeveless outer coat; the second is the middle type represented by the Cao and Bunun people. It is characterized by the use of deerskin as clothing material, a furry deerskin vest as the top, and a deerskin shawl on the outside; the third is the southern type represented by the Paiwan people, Beinan people, Rukai people and the southern Amis people. It is characterized by a double-breasted long-sleeved top with a half-waist skirt tied around the waist, or a wide belt hanging at both ends as a front skirt; fourth, it is the elegant style of the elegant people on Lanyu Island. Only wear a T-shaped belt made of thick cloth about three or four inches wide to cover your lower body.

There are generally three types of clothing styles of Gaoshan women: one is the short coat and long skirt style of the Atayal, Saisiyat, Cao and Ami people; the other is the Bunun, Rukai and Pai people. The narrow-sleeved and long-sleeved style of the Bay people; the third is the half-length style of the Yamei people. Often only a vest is worn on the upper body, and only a loincloth is worn across the body. In winter, a square cloth is wrapped around the left shoulder and tied in a knot.

Men and women of all Gaoshan ethnic groups attach great importance to decoration. There are many types of ornaments, including shell beads, shell pieces, glass beads, pig teeth, bear teeth, feathers, animal skins, flowers, silver and copper jewelry, coins, buttons, bamboo tubes, etc. They used these ornaments to decorate their bodies in a dazzling array of colors.

Especially men, when dressed up, they are decorated almost from head to toe. Some men's crowns, especially those of leaders, are even more complex and colorful than women's crowns.

Residence

Most of the settlements of the Gaoshan people are in places with mountains on their backs and rivers on their backs. The Ami and Beinan people live on the flatlands in the Taitung Rift Valley, while the Yamei live on the seaside around Orchid Island. In the past, most of the Gaoshan people's houses were above ground, and some were recessed underground.

The houses of the Atayal people are generally built on the mountainside, with the front of the house facing the lower ground. One type of housing is built entirely on the ground, and the other type is a semi-cave-dwelling style building that is recessed into the ground and has eaves that are no more than one and a half meters high.

The houses of the Saisiyat people are generally built on relatively flat mountains with no certain direction. The houses of the Bunun people are built on steep mountainside areas, with the doors facing low, and are semi-basement houses. Cao people's houses are mostly built on flat areas on the mountainside, with doors that have no orientation.

The houses of the Paiwan people are built on the slopes of the mountainside, facing the lower ground. Houses are generally built on the ground, and some are dug about half a meter below the ground. There are two types of wooden houses and stone houses: wooden houses use square logs as columns, wooden boards as walls, and are covered with wooden boards or thatch. They are large-scale wooden houses. This kind of wooden house has many human-shaped or snake-shaped carvings on the beams, pillars, eaves, doors, and walls, which has a unique style; the stone house uses logs or standing stone slabs as pillars and flake stones as walls. The glyph-shaped roof is made of small slabs of tiles, shaped like a turtle shell, or is topped with large slabs of stone.

The Rukai people built their houses on slopes. They first leveled the base and made it into a "dustpan shape", which is a semi-underground house. The houses of the Amei people are built on flat ground with no fixed orientation. The houses of the Beinan people are round and surrounded by bamboo fences. Most of the houses of the Yamei people are built on the slopes of coastal hills, facing the sea. The building materials are mostly taken from seaside pebbles, which are used to form the foundation and walls, and the exterior is covered with thatch. The foundation of the house is dug very deep, the interior of the house is recessed 2 to 3 meters, and the eaves are only about one meter above the ground. This is a typical semi-underground house that can withstand typhoon attacks.

Most of the houses of Pingpu people are stilt-type buildings, that is, buildings on piles with "ladders to enter the house." Most of the houses of various ethnic groups of the Gaoshan people have doors, no windows, and no chimney equipment. The interiors of the houses are generally dark and the furnishings are very simple. Nowadays, the living conditions of various ethnic groups have undergone significant changes. The building materials and construction methods of houses are basically the same as those of the Han people, and the furnishings in the houses have been greatly improved.

Transportation

The mountainous areas where the Gaoshan people live are surrounded by many mountains, making traveling as difficult as the Shu Road. Mountain roads can be divided into two types: "social roads" and "hunting roads". In deep valleys and dangerous cliffs and where streams pass, wooden bridges, bamboo bridges or rattan bridges are erected to cross. Most of the wooden bridges are single-plank bridges, which are made of square logs cut from a big tree and stretched across both sides of the stream. There are also two logs crossed between rock gullies, with the lower end inserted into the stream and the upper end leaning against the rock wall to climb over. There are two types of bamboo bridges, long and short: short bridges use three or four thick bamboos and build them on the rocks; long bridges use thick bamboos inserted side by side into the middle of the stream to form a bridge, and then use four or five rows of bamboos to build the bridge and the rocks. Some set up bamboo railings on both sides of the bridge for support. Rattan bridges are generally built between dangerous cliffs and deep valleys, often facing high mountains, with large streams in the middle, and are thousands of feet deep.

The Gaoshan people are not afraid of natural dangers and use rattan bark to make two thick rattan ropes, hanging parallel to the two sides... >>

Clothing characteristics with national characteristics Among the four major elements of human "food, clothing, housing and transportation", "clothing" is ranked first due to its importance. Clothes are also called "clothing" because people wear them not only to cover their bodies and keep them warm, but also to beautify them. *** The clothing of the Er people is certainly no exception. *** Er Nationality *** The clothing of the Er ethnic group is not only diverse, but also very beautiful and distinctive. *** Er women like to use contrasting colors to make reds brighter and greens greener. *** Er men pay attention to the black and white effect, so rough and unrestrained. *** The Er people are a nation that loves flowers. People wear embroidered hats, embroidered clothes, embroidered shoes, tie embroidered scarves, and carry embroidered bags. Their clothes are all closely related to flowers. *** Er clothing has clear forms, diverse patterns, bright colors, simple patterns, and excellent craftsmanship. Its development and evolution rules are clear. Some clothing styles are quite similar to clothing unearthed in Xinjiang, reflecting the historical precipitation of a region and a culture. It also has a distinctive aesthetic acceptance paradigm with national cultural characteristics, from which we can glimpse the inheritance and regional customs of national costumes.

After liberation, especially in the past one or two decades, with the improvement of people's living standards, the clothing of the Han people has undergone great changes. Suits and trendy clothing have become more and more popular among the people of the Han people. Especially loved by young men and women. *** There are many types of hats and headwear of the Er people, and the *** Er people's costumes are the most distinctive *** Both men and women of the Er people like to wear hats, because wearing hats not only has the function of preventing cold or heatstroke, but more importantly, it is a It is necessary for daily etiquette and needs to be worn on social occasions, visiting relatives, friends, holiday gatherings and other occasions. *** The traditional hats of the Er people mainly include leather hats and flower hats. Fur hats are mainly used to keep out the cold, and are mostly made of sheepskin. There are also fox, raccoon, rabbit, marmot, sea otter, mink, etc. furs. There are mainly the following types: 1. Baitumak (Kashgar white leather hat) is mainly worn by young men. It is shaped like a deep bowl and is made of sheepskin. The down is on the inside and the leather plate is on the outside. There are four thick water chestnuts on the top and on the lower edge. There is a ring of white or black burrs. 2. The surface of the Atush Tumak hat is made of black velvet or velvet. It is shaped like a bowl and is lighter than the Kashgar Tumak hat. The lower edge is made of marmot or mink fur. 3. The shape of the Serpi Chetumak is the same as that of a white leather hat, but the fabric is made of velvet or velvet with thinner edges, and it is made of mink or other animal skins. This hat is generally worn by middle-aged and elderly men and religious people. 4. Ouretomak This hat is about 30 centimeters high, with a trapezoidal or cylindrical shape. It is divided into two layers, inside and outside. It is made of ordinary sheepskin as the lining and black lambskin as the surface. It is worn by both male and female farmers. Women's hats are mainly worn by elderly women. Wear. 5. The rim of the Kaimu Chet Tumak is wider and sewn with sea otter skin. The hat ring and top are made of black or brown velvet or velvet. This hat was mostly worn by noble ladies in the past, and over time it was mostly worn by the elderly. Wear. 6. Kurak is a leather hat often worn by the Han people in winter. Its basic shape is round, with long flaps on both sides that can move up and down. One of the main types of Kurakcha is the lambskin Kurakcha, which is a more distinctive one. It is made of lambskin and its color part is black or gray. Its two side flaps cannot be turned down and are just a decoration; Kalipak (Felt hat), felt inside and cloth outside, etc. Leather hats were originally worn in winter to keep warm and keep out the cold. However, the Han people have the custom of wearing fur hats in summer because it also has the function of keeping the skin on the head moist and preventing heatstroke. ****'s flower hats not only have excellent materials, but also excellent craftsmanship. ****'s craftsmen who make small flower hats have a set of "unique skills". The patterns and patterns of flower hats are ever-changing. The different styles, patterns and patterns of flower hats are also related to the regional environment. Flower hats in various places have obvious local characteristics. There are many styles of flowered hats in the Kashgar area, especially men's flowered hats. The "Badan wood" pattern is mainly white with black background, strong color contrast and elegant style. It is composed of decorative lines and has prominent corners. It has a three-dimensional effect, but it deeply imprints black and white in people's minds. The flower hats in Hotan and Kuqa areas are made of high-quality velvet fabrics and woven with velvet patterns of different colors. The patterns are densely interspersed, giving the patterns a unique charm. Some flower hats are inlaid with beads, gold and silver ornaments, and the beads are round and shiny. The structural factors of the pattern itself are cleverly used to make the flower hats bloom like brocade. There are also flower hats with raised patterns on the top, finely woven colorful threads, and dazzling strings of colorful balls, making them a favorite of brides. The flower hats in the Turpan area are famous for their bright colors. The bright red patterns paired with the emerald green patterns look like gorgeous flowers. The flower hats in the Yili area not only highlight the flowing lines, but also have the advantages of elegance and generosity. The flower hats are flat, shallow and round in shape, and the patterns are concise and general. 1. Badam flower hats are made of badam apricot kernels... >>

What are the symbolic patterns in Gaoshan clothing? The Gaoshan people often use them in their clothing patterns, daily necessities, and handicrafts. The snake pattern is inseparable from their living environment and totem. Since the Gaoshan people live in subtropical areas where snakes are common, they have a better understanding of the attributes and characteristics of snakes. They regard the hundred-step snake as the incarnation of the gods and believe that the souls of their ancestors are attached to it, so they cannot kill it and regard it as the incarnation of the gods. It is worshiped as a god. For example, the Beinan people like to carve snakes, which is said to pray for the blessings of their ancestors.

What are the folk customs of the Gaoshan people? Gaoshan costumes Taiwan is one of the provinces in my country where many ethnic groups gather. Traces of almost every ethnic group in our country can be found in Taiwan.

However, the first people to live in Taiwan were the Gaoshan people, who were commonly known as the "Eastern people" and "Yizhou people" in history. Later they were renamed "Shanbao", "Taiwanese indigenous people" and "Taiwan's first residents". , "Taiwan Aboriginal people". This is an ancient nation. Due to the oppression of the reactionary ruling classes in the past dynasties, the development of Gaoshan society has been relatively slow, and some are still in a primitive state and still live in poverty. According to records, during the periods of Emperor Qin Shihuang and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, sea bans were implemented, forcing residents of my country's southeastern coastal areas to move inland and prohibiting them from contacting the people on the coastal islands. In this way, the Gaoshan people who are isolated overseas have experienced a different development process from the people of the mainland of the motherland. However, their origins, culture, production, life and other aspects are still inextricably linked with the mainland. Starting from the pre-Qing Dynasty, they gave up their original "Fan" surname and changed it to the same surname as the mainland immigrants. They have their own language and customs. The place where they live collectively is called a village community. Each village community includes several different families and clans. These village communities each occupy a certain amount of land, which cannot be invaded by outsiders. The Gaoshan people usually live in wooden houses with thatched roofs, and some roofs are covered with bark, slate or bamboo. The Yami people who live on Lanyu Island in Taitung still use the method of digging holes in the ground to build houses. The indoors are much lower than the ground. The excavated soil is piled around to become the house walls. Their staple food is taro and sweet potato. Usually, most men only wear a "T-shaped belt" around their waists, and women only wear a square cloth on their chest and waist. With the development of Taiwan's tourism industry, Orchid Island has become a tourist area in Taiwan, and some Yamei people have got rid of the bad habits of ignorance, backwardness and lack of clothing. The Gaoshan people respect the elderly very much and love to drink. Because they often hunt, they particularly like their hunting dogs, just like the Han people value their cattle. The Gaoshan people also have traditional culture and art, and are particularly fond of dancing. The famous pestle music is a kind of folk song and dance extracted from their daily life practice. The Gaoshan people are divided into many branches according to the distribution of their living areas and the differences in their languages. Except for the Pingpu people who have already settled in the plains and integrated with the Han people, the Gaoshan people are divided into Atayal, Saixia, Bunun, Tsou (Cao), Paiwan, Rukai, Ami, Beinan There are ten major ethnic groups including the Yamei, Thao and other ethnic groups. There are more than 400,000 people in Taiwan, accounting for 1.7% of Taiwan's 23 million population. They belong to a disadvantaged ethnic group, but they represent the most typical expression of Taiwan's local culture. Among the ten major ethnic groups, the first six ethnic groups live mostly in mountainous areas where farming is impossible. The Amis and Puinan people live in the eastern plains, and the Yami live in Orchid Island in the Pacific. Based on this, for a long time, it seems inappropriate to refer to these ten major ethnic groups as the Gaoshan ethnic group, but it has been used for a long time and I have become accustomed to it. The Gaoshan people, like other ethnic minorities, also have their own unique customs. Festivals and Customs The Gaoshan people generally have two major festivals every year, one is the Sowing Festival and the other is the Harvest Festival. The scale of the latter is particularly large, almost equal to the Spring Festival of the Han people. At that time, each family will slaughter livestock, make wine, make cakes, etc., offer sacrifices to the ancestors, and have fun, which usually lasts about 10 days. They especially worship their ancestors; they believe that the soul is immortal, that everything has a soul, and that souls have good and evil qualities. Hang calamus on your chest when you go out, and smear ashes on your forehead when walking at night to prevent evil spirits from getting close to you. If you are sick, use thatch leaves, chicken eggs, and animal teeth to massage the affected area. There is also a widespread belief in omens and divination, and people often decide what to do based on omens. Such as solar eclipse, lunar eclipse, the appearance of comets, roosters crowing at night, dogs howling, snakes coming out of their holes, birds and animals crossing paths, people being hanged by poisonous thorns, falling, sneezing, etc. are all bad omens. Children's heads are not allowed to be touched casually. Women's spades, kitchen utensils, looms, etc., as well as men's bows, arrows, farm tools, weapons, etc. are not allowed to come into contact with the opposite sex. Women have high power. The basic social organization of the Gaoshan people is the "she", and several societies are combined into a tribe. In some tribes, women have always had higher power than men, retaining the legacy of a matriarchal society. In tribal affairs, most of their elders, priests, and even leaders are women, and they govern and hold power. Among the Ami and Yami tribes, after marriage, the husband gives almost all the best food and useful things to his wife to enjoy. Women not only enjoy the treatment of masters at home, but also have a higher social status than men. The Gaoshan ethnic group is divided into Ami, Paiwan, Atayal, Bunun, Saifu, Cao ethnic groups and some people such as Yami, Beinan, Rukai and Pingpu, so their costumes have their own characteristics. Atayal, Saisiyat and... >>

What are the production and living characteristics of the Gaoshan ethnic group? Thank you. This is an ancient ethnic group.

Due to the oppression of the reactionary ruling classes in the past dynasties, the development of Gaoshan society has been relatively slow, and some are still in a primitive state and still live in poverty. According to records, during the periods of Emperor Qin Shihuang and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, sea bans were implemented, forcing residents of my country's southeastern coastal areas to move inland and prohibiting them from contacting the people on the coastal islands. In this way, the Gaoshan people who are isolated overseas have experienced a different development process from the people of the mainland of the motherland. However, their origins, culture, production, life and other aspects are still inextricably linked with the mainland. Starting from the pre-Qing Dynasty, they gave up their original "Fan" surname and changed it to the same surname as the mainland immigrants. They have their own language and customs. The place where they live collectively is called a village community. Each village community includes several different families and clans. These village communities each occupy a certain amount of land, which cannot be invaded by outsiders.

The Gaoshan people usually live in wooden houses with thatched roofs, and some roofs are covered with bark, slate or bamboo. The Yami people who live on Lanyu Island in Taitung still use the method of digging holes in the ground to build houses. The indoors are much lower than the ground. The excavated soil is piled around to become the house walls. Their staple food is taro and sweet potato. Usually, most men only wear a "T-shaped belt" around their waist, and women only wear a square cloth on their chest and waist. With the development of Taiwan's tourism industry, Orchid Island has become a tourist area in Taiwan, and some Yamei people have got rid of the bad habits of ignorance, backwardness and lack of clothing.

The Gaoshan people respect the elderly very much and love to drink. Because they often hunt, they especially like their hunting dogs, just like the Han people value their cattle.

The Gaoshan people also have traditional culture and art, and are particularly fond of dancing. The famous pestle music is a kind of folk song and dance extracted from their daily life practice.

The Gaoshan people are divided into many branches according to the distribution of their living areas and the differences in their languages. Except for the Pingpu people who have already settled in the plains and integrated with the Han people, the Gaoshan people are divided into Atayal, Saixia, Bunun, Tsou (Cao), Paiwan, Rukai, Ami, Beinan There are ten major ethnic groups including the Yamei, Thao and other ethnic groups. There are more than 400,000 people in Taiwan, accounting for 1.7% of Taiwan's 23 million population. They belong to a disadvantaged ethnic group, but they represent the most typical expression of Taiwan's local culture. Among the ten major ethnic groups, the first six ethnic groups live mostly in mountainous areas where farming is impossible. The Amis and Puinan people live in the eastern plains, and the Yami live in Orchid Island in the Pacific. Based on this, for a long time, it seems inappropriate to refer to these ten major ethnic groups as the Gaoshan ethnic group, but it has been used for a long time and I have become accustomed to it.

The Gaoshan people, like other ethnic minorities, also have their own unique customs.

Festivals and Customs

The Gaoshan people generally have two major festivals every year, one is the Sowing Festival and the other is the Harvest Festival. The scale of the latter is particularly large, almost equal to the Spring Festival of the Han people. At that time, each family will slaughter livestock, make wine, make cakes, etc., offer sacrifices to ancestors, and have fun, which usually lasts about 10 days. They especially worship their ancestors; they believe that the soul is immortal, that everything has a soul, and that souls have good and evil qualities. Hang calamus on your chest when you go out, and smear ashes on your forehead when walking at night to prevent evil spirits from getting close to you. If you are sick, use thatch leaves, chicken eggs, and animal teeth to massage the affected area. There is also a common superstition on omens and divination, and people often decide what to do based on omens. Such as solar eclipse, lunar eclipse, the appearance of comets, roosters crowing at night, dogs howling, snakes coming out of their holes, birds and beasts crossing paths, people being hanged by poisonous thorns, falling, sneezing, etc. are all bad omens. Children's heads are not allowed to be touched casually. Women's spades, kitchen utensils, looms, etc., as well as men's bows, arrows, farm tools, weapons, etc. are not allowed to come into contact with the opposite sex.

Women have high power

The basic social organization of the Gaoshan people is the "she", and several societies are combined into a tribe. In some tribes, women have always had higher power than men, retaining the legacy of a matriarchal society. In tribal affairs, most of their elders, priests, and even leaders are women, and they govern and hold power. Among the Ami and Yami tribes, after marriage, the husband almost gives his wife all the best food and useful things to enjoy. Women not only enjoy the treatment of masters at home, but also have a higher social status than men.

Exquisite clothing

The clothing of the Gaoshan compatriots is the most eye-catching. Their clothes are mainly made of linen and cotton, and vary from region to region. But generally men have vests, jackets, shorts, turbans, leg wraps and shawls. Women wear sleeved or sleeveless blouses, aprons, trousers or skirts.

Women also like to embroider exquisite patterns on their skirts, sleeves, headscarves and aprons.

Gaoshan men and women like to go barefoot, and both men and women like to wear headdresses, earrings, bracelets, anklets, necklaces, etc. The head crown of Paiwan men... >>

Characteristics of clothing and clothing of Mongolian, Tibetan, Korean, Bai, Dai, Gaoshan and Yi ethnic groups. Including how to identify the clothing of these ethnic groups. I only know Mongolian people, haha ??

What ethnic groups are there in China? What about the characteristics of clothing? Traditional festivals, living customs and food culture. Miao: The Miao people are widely distributed, with many branches, and their clothing has obvious regional differences. The more typical attire of women is short tops and pleated skirts. In the past, Miao clothing was mainly made of linen and homespun, and unique batik and embroidery techniques were commonly used. Skirts are mostly in white or cyan, and the materials, colors, styles, embroidery, etc. of the clothing are all very ethnic-style. The most common accessories are silver jewelry for the head, neck, chest and hands. The Miao silver jewelry is second to none among all ethnic jewelry. The colorful clothing culture fully demonstrates the intelligence and intelligence of the Miao people, and it still maintains its own national characteristics.

Buyi ethnic group: Buyi men wear double-breasted or wide-breasted shorts and long trousers. Some also wear long shirts and trousers with cyan or plaid turbans. The color tone is mainly cyan blue or white. Women generally wear short jackets and long trousers. The skirts, cuffs, etc. are inlaid with colorful lace, and the trousers are also inlaid with lace. Their heads are wrapped in cyan or plaid headscarves, or white printed headbands are placed on their heads. Young women also wear scarves embroidered with beautiful patterns on their chests. waist. Buyi women like to wear silver bracelets, earrings, necklaces, and pointed-nose embroidered shoes. The overall tone of Buyi clothing is elegant and simple, maintaining natural harmony with nature.

Dong Nationality: Dong men’s jackets have three types: double-breasted, left-flap and right-flap. They wear trousers and leggings. The turban is a three-meter-long piece of bright cloth, with a row of zigzag patterns embroidered on both ends with red and green silk thread. When dressed up, wear a "silver hat" and other silver accessories. When a woman wears a skirt, she wears an open-front tights on her upper body, a cyan embroidered scissor-shaped "collar" around her chest, and leggings; when she wears trousers, she wears a right-hem short jacket. When dressing up, women often wear feather skirts. There are also collarless tops with right lapels, buckled with silver beads, edging around the shoulders, and embroidered shoes with pointed tips. Dong women like to wear silver ornaments such as silver flowers, silver hats, necklaces, and bracelets. The clothing materials of the Dong people are mostly self-woven and self-dyed "Dong cloth", which can be divided into coarse yarn and fine yarn. Dong women are good at embroidery and have exquisite handicraft skills.

Yao Nationality: There are great differences in the clothing of each branch of the Yao Nationality. Men’s clothing is based on blue and blue, and they are mainly double-breasted, diagonal-breasted, and pipa-breasted short jackets. Some also wear cross-collar long shirts with matching Pants of different lengths, turbans and leggings, plain and simple. Women's clothing includes big-breasted tops and trousers; some wear round-neck shorts and pleated skirts; and some wear long shirts and trousers. The cross-stitch composition of Yao costumes is unique, and the entire pattern is geometric. The Yao people's headdresses have more prominent features, including "dragon plate" shape, "A" shape, "flying swallow" shape, etc. The Yao people have a well-developed dyeing and weaving industry. Their clothes are all made of self-dyed homespun cloth and they have a complete set of indigo printing and dyeing technology. The five colors commonly used are red, green, yellow, white and black, and the clothing is made using cross-stitch, embroidery, brocade, batik and other techniques.

Bai nationality: Bai nationality advocates white. Men’s Baotou, women’s hatbands, men’s and women’s tops and trousers all like to use white and colors close to white, such as light green and light blue. Bai women often embroider colorful patterns on bags, back wraps, belts, turbans, shoes and other accessories. Elegant and simple, with harmonious tones and elegant aesthetic realm. Bai men in Dali wear white double-breasted tops, black-collared jackets, white trousers, white or blue bandanas on their heads, and hand-embroidered bags hanging on their shoulders. Women mostly wear white or light blue right-hem tops, white or light blue wide trousers, short aprons with embroidery or embroidered ribbons around their waists, and embroidered shoes.

Jing nationality: Jing nationality’s clothing has distinctive features, is simple and elegant. Men generally wear knee-length clothes with a flat chest and waist, and narrow sleeves. Women wear a rhombus-shaped breast-covering cloth inside and a collarless, double-breasted short top with a tight body and narrow sleeves, and wide-leg trousers, mostly black or brown. When going out, wear a light-colored cheongsam-style long coat with narrow sleeves. The custom of dyeing women's teeth black and wearing buns still exists among a few women. The most distinctive decoration of the Jing people is their bamboo hats.

Zhuang nationality: Zhuang nationality men usually wear double-breasted tops with buttons tied with cloth.

A small pocket is sewn on the chest to match the two large pockets on the abdomen, and the hem is folded inward to form a wide edge; the lower part is short and wide, and some are wrapped with leggings; a turban with embroidered patterns is tied. Women wear navy blue or dark blue short-collared, right-sided tops with colorful laces embroidered on the collar, cuffs, and placket; and black wide trousers. There are also black pleated skirts with colorful embroidery on the top and colorful cloth patches on the bottom. The colors are gorgeous and dazzling. Wear a girdle, embroidered apron, and a black headscarf embroidered with patterns. Wear embroidered shoes during festivals or at market and singing venues. Wear embroidered shoulder pads. Women's hairstyles vary from place to place. Zhuang costumes are generally made of self-woven homespun cloth.

Li Nationality: Li nationality men generally wear collarless tops and trousers, and wear turbans and pheasant feathers. There are regional differences in women's clothing. Some wear black round-necked tops with many accessories and white and green collars... >>