Women and women are prone to jealousy. My dear, do you know what it is?

British scientists recently discovered that women are jealous for physiological reasons. Women have a long-standing reputation for being jealous. So, is their jealous habit caused by nature or a misunderstanding of them by the world? A research report from Canada's York University shows that women's jealousy may indeed have physiological reasons. The report published in Biology Weekly, published by the Royal Society, said that women's jealousy is directly related to their menstrual cycles. Usually during the ovulation period of each month, women's jealousy will reach a climax unconsciously. They often directly or subconsciously reject and belittle the attractiveness of other women in order to win over a spouse or the man they like. At the same time, the report also shows that this "jealousy wave" will gradually recede with the end of a woman's ovulation period, and women's evaluation of other people of the same sex will gradually turn positive thereafter. The author of the research report, Fisher, a PhD in psychology at York University in Toronto, said that although people always give positive comments to women such as "docile" and "cooperative", in some special circumstances, women do appear to be more aggressive. It is "competitive". When women are in their physiological estrus, they are likely to use "demeaning" methods more frequently to lower their physiological evaluation of others of the same sex. What's interesting is that during women's menstrual period or jealousy period, they will actively care about the appearance of the same sex, but they will pay less attention to the appearance of men. Fisher's analysis believes that this shows that "jealousy" is also a social instinct produced by women in natural selection. In other words, the strong jealousy produced during the physiological estrus period is like the animals competing for reproduction during the courtship period. Like the survival instinct, it is a physiological characteristic caused by natural selection. This part is also consistent with the explanation of biological evolution. (According to "Beijing Science and Technology News") 2. Sexual physiology is a strong motivation for jealousy. Several famous tragedies in the history of literature, especially "Othello", describe it very clearly. Sex jealousy is the feeling of resentment towards a real or imagined sexual competitor who is superior to oneself. When people of the same gender appear and there is a possibility that their sexual object will be possessed or taken away, a variety of complex emotional experiences and behaviors can occur, starting with gaze, doubt, worry or tracking, and then turning to hatred, hostility, and even Act violently. These emotional reactions and behaviors may be external manifestations or extensions of sexual jealousy. The primitive form of sexual jealousy can be seen in the cruel fights between male animals when their territory is violated and the sexual object is potentially possessed. In humans, sexual jealousy is one of the important causes of domestic violence, wife abuse, homicide, and crime. From the perspective of individual psychological development, sexual jealousy begins in infancy. In order to compete for mother's love, babies may grab other children who are close to their mother, and young children may develop enuresis, which is a phenomenon of regressing to childish behavior. When entering adolescence, when the person of the opposite sex that they like approaches others, they will feel sad that they are ignored by the opposite sex, or they will cynicize or verbally attack the object of jealousy. Young men and women who are in love generally have the emotional experience of jealousy. This kind of jealousy can evolve into suspicions, misunderstandings, quarrels and various interpersonal entanglements between lovers, making the love process circuitous and even the relationship breaks down. Generally speaking, the deeper the love between the two parties, the more serious the consequences of sexual jealousy. Lack of self-confidence and the need for exclusive love are two important reasons for jealousy. Before and after marriage, emotional disharmony between father and son-in-law, mother and daughter-in-law is another manifestation of sexual jealousy. There are various psychological explanations for the causes of sexual jealousy. S. Freud divided jealousy into three types: 1. Competitive and normal jealousy; 2. Projective jealousy; 3. Fantasy jealousy. He believes that jealousy originates from the "Oedipus complex" in the early stages of children's emotional development. Men not only suffer painful torture for the women they love, but also hate their same-sex competitors. Projective jealousy stems from one's own doubts and projects jealousy onto others through a defense mechanism. Fantasy jealousy is a continuation of residual homosexuality, but in a paranoid way. C.R. Rogers opposed Freud's views. He believes that young people lack self-confidence and feel threatened and conflicted about their self-understanding and become jealous. A.H. Maslow believes that jealous behavior is caused by insecurity at the level of "friendship and love needs". Dependent love, selfish love is the root of jealous behavior. Ericson believes that jealousy exists in all stages of life, and adults' possessive desire for the opposite sex leads to the emergence of sexual jealousy. Behaviorists regard jealousy as a learned behavior that is closely related to society and culture. There is also a theory that jealousy is based on instinct. Analysis of sexual jealousy behavior in the animal kingdom and in infants and young children is mainly dominated by biological instinct. As age increases, personality and sociocultural factors, as well as traditional concepts of gender roles, become more important to the development of sexual jealousy. In a highly developed civilized society, everyone enjoys sexual freedom and respects the sexual freedom of others; every person with noble sentiments does not pay attention to possession or acquisition in sex, but puts "giving" first , In this way, jealousy will naturally fade or disappear. Third, the latest research shows that psychological and physiological phenomena sometimes cannot be completely separated or viewed in isolation, but are interactively related.

Psychophysiological medicine, also known as psychosomatic medicine, is a discipline that studies the relationship between the mind and body and related diseases. Broadly speaking, it is the study of the interrelationships between biological, psychological, and sociological factors in human health and disease. It involves many disciplines such as medicine, psychology and sociology, and is an interdisciplinary edge science. Psychophysiological medicine in a narrow sense is the study of the factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of psychophysiological diseases, and explains the role of psychological factors in the occurrence, development and prevention of diseases. A special field related to psychophysiological medicine is called liaison psychiatry in the United States. Psychiatrists provide consultation and guidance on psychophysiological diseases and other related conditions in general hospitals for various clinical departments. They sometimes participate in research together with physicians, nurses, and non-psychiatric medical workers to promote the advancement of this discipline. Develop quickly. Mental stress can cause a series of changes in autonomic nerves and visceral functions. These changes are reversible and physiological, and are called psychophysiological reactions. When these psychophysiological changes occur in certain individuals who are susceptible to the disease, these changes can develop sustainably and form pathological changes, which are called psychophysiological diseases. Nowadays, it is generally believed that psychophysiological diseases should meet the following basic conditions: ① Psychosocial stress plays an important role in the onset and development process; ② It manifests as physical symptoms and has the basis of organic pathological changes or known pathophysiological processes; ③ Mental disorders that are not somatic. Psychophysiological diseases are closely related to social psychological factors and emotional reactions. With the transformation of the medical model, people begin to understand the relationship between psychology and physiology in a broader sense, so the scope of psychophysiological diseases is also expanding. According to each system, it can be divided into: (1) Digestive system: peptic ulcer, ulcerative colitis, intestinal irritation syndrome, anorexia nervosa, obesity, etc.; (2) Cardiovascular system: essential hypertension, hypotension, etc. Blood pressure, coronary heart disease, arrhythmia, tachycardia, myocardial infarction; (3) Skin diseases: pruritus, urticaria, allergic dermatitis, psoriasis, alopecia areata; (4) Endocrine system: hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, diabetes; (5) Urinary system, reproductive system: menstrual disorders (abnormal menstrual cycles, amenorrhea in women of pregnant age), impotence, lack of sexual desire (women), dyspareunia, and pain during sexual intercourse (caused by vaginismus in women) , urinary disorders (enuresis, dysuria, frequent urination, urinary incontinence), etc.; (6) Respiratory system: bronchial asthma, hyperventilation syndrome, chronic hiccup, neurological cough; (7) Musculoskeletal system: painful spasm (cervical spasm) , shoulder, lower back, leg, head muscle tension and pain), rheumatoid arthritis; (8) Others: eating disorders (hunger syndrome), sleep disorders, etc. The occurrence of psychophysiological disorders (1) Social factors In the society in which humans live, social factors play a certain role in human health and disease. People's adaptation to the environment not only occurs passively, but also actively transforms the environment to meet their own needs in practice. During a person's life, the surrounding environment changes greatly, such as relationships and conflicts among leaders, family, neighbors, and colleagues. People are often powerless to changes in their own living environment, and both passive adaptation and active adaptation are irresistible. Good adaptation leads to physical and mental health; maladaptation leads to psychological and physiological diseases. The role of social factors on psychophysiological diseases can be explained from the results of epidemiological surveys. The prevalence of gastric cancer and esophageal cancer is highest in Japan. The highest prevalence of coronary heart disease is in the United States and Finland, and the lowest is in Nigeria. There are factors such as racial differences, dietary habits, age composition of the population, and the amount of physical labor that play a role here. But in general, the prevalence of these diseases is higher in developed countries than in developing countries, in cities than in rural areas, and in mental workers than in manual workers. People who live in crowded areas, have poor living conditions, and have to work harder have higher prevalence rates. . Another group with a higher prevalence of psychophysiological diseases is immigrants. In our country, especially those who immigrate from countries with good conditions, such as the United States or Western Europe, the incidence rate is higher; while those who immigrate from the Middle East have a higher prevalence rate. Lower. (2) Psychological factors Psychological factors refer to the individual’s own psychological quality, psychological development and psychological reactions. Biological factors and social factors act on the human body through psychological factors as an intermediary. Undesirable psychological stimulation can often lead to psychological or physiological reactions in the body. Generally speaking, psychological stimuli that cause people to feel loss and insecurity are most likely to cause illness. Life events can cause people's psychological reactions and are accompanied by obvious physiological stress. Research shows that many diseases, especially psychophysiological diseases, are often caused by stress caused by life events. (3) Physiological factors: Physiological origin and physiological intermediary mechanism are two important aspects of the occurrence of psychophysiological diseases. Physiological origin refers to the pre-morbid physiological characteristics of patients with psychophysiological diseases. Different physiological bases give individuals different susceptibility to corresponding psychophysiological diseases. For example, in ulcer disease, increased pepsin digests the gastric mucosa and causes ulcers. Ulcer patients have high levels of pepsinogen, the precursor of pepsin, which is the physiological basis of ulcer disease. Only the physiological basis of ulcer disease will not directly lead to ulcer disease. Among people with a physiological basis for ulcer disease, psychosocial stimulation plays a "trigger" role. Studies have also found that triglycerides are the physiological basis of coronary heart disease, and high protein-bound iodine is the physiological basis of hyperthyroidism.

Psychosocial factors and various information affect the function of the cerebral cortex, and the cerebral cortex affects the internal environment balance through physiological intermediaries such as the autonomic nervous system, endocrine system, neurotransmitter system and immune system, causing lesions in various target organs. To sum up, in the pathogenesis of psychophysiological diseases, social factors, psychological factors, and physiological factors are intertwined, which together affect the stability of the body's internal environment and cause the body's defense mechanism to collapse, thereby affecting the body's health and leading to disease. occurrence. What psychophysiological disorders are related to personality? Personality is also called personality, which refers to the sum of various psychological characteristics of a person with personality as the core. The development of personality is affected by many factors such as physiology, psychology and social environment. If various unfavorable factors are encountered during the development process, the personality can develop or form a deviation from normal people, which will cause the individual to treat the surrounding people in a bad way. person or thing. Different personality traits can have different impacts on an individual's health, and can even directly or indirectly contribute to psychophysiological disorders. Research shows that the following psychophysiological diseases are related to certain personality traits: (1) Coronary heart disease: Most people have personality traits such as busyness, strong sense of time, competitiveness, easily excited, angry and impatient, and good at grasping the environment. (2) Essential hypertension: Most people have personality traits such as being ambitious, angry, fearful, and repressed. (3) Peptic ulcer: It is characterized by hostility towards others, strong dependence, emotional frustration, repression, ambition, and courage in dealing with problems. (4) Bronchial asthma: Most patients are overly dependent on others, hope for help from others, are naive, and are emotionally ambiguous about others and themselves. (5) Chronic low back pain: Most of these patients have personality traits such as suppressed emotions, avoidance, and conflicting personalities. (6) Urticaria: Generally characterized by self-punishment, guilt, and desire for emotional satisfaction. (7) Chronic ulcerative colitis: Most of these patients are indecisive, lack independence and flexibility, have psychological inferiority and insecurity, are obedient, stick to rules and other personality traits. (8) Migraine: Most patients are rigid, emotionally unstable, argumentative, jealous, and have a personality that pursues perfection. Principles of prevention and treatment of psychophysiological diseases The modern concept of health is not only the dynamic balance of the internal environment, but also requires the steady state of the integration of individual physiology, psychology, natural ecology, and social ecology. That is to say, the individual must not only be free from disease or infirmity, but must also maintain a sound state of physical, psychological, and social adaptability. This is an important link in the prevention of psychophysiological diseases. For the treatment of psychophysiological diseases, the first step is to adopt effective physical treatment to relieve symptoms and promote recovery, such as antacid drugs for ulcer disease, blood pressure reduction for hypertension, and bronchodilator treatment for bronchial asthma. If you need a lasting effect and reduce recurrence, you need to combine other forms of treatment. Clinical psychologists and psychiatrists are invited to participate together and provide diagnosis and treatment together. The treatment methods include the following: (1) Psychotherapy: including individual psychotherapy, group psychotherapy and hypnotherapy. Individual psychotherapy uses individual conversations to understand in detail the patient's mental factors and personality characteristics before and after the onset of the disease, helping the patient build confidence and determination to overcome the disease, so as to better adapt to society and family life and eliminate negative emotional reactions. Group psychotherapy is to bring together a number of patients suffering from the same disease or similar diseases. Through lectures, discussions, question answering, etc., they discuss together to understand the causative factors and master preventive measures to achieve the purpose of curing the disease. . Hypnotherapy uses verbal suggestion to regulate the patient's physiological functions to prevent and treat diseases. (2) Biofeedback and behavioral therapy: Biofeedback therapy uses modern electronic technology to trace and convert physiological functions in the body into feedback signals such as sound and light, so that the subject can learn to regulate involuntary internal organs in the body based on the feedback signals. function and other body functions to achieve the purpose of treating diseases. Commonly used instruments include: electromyographic feedback meter, temperature feedback meter, galvanic skin feedback meter and electroencephalographic feedback meter. It is mainly suitable for psychophysiological diseases such as hypertension, ulcer disease, migraine, and sexual dysfunction. The basic idea of ??behavioral therapy is that abnormal behaviors are learned just like normal behaviors, which means that non-organic mental disorders are the result of people learning to cope with life and the environment. Common behavioral therapies include: systematic desensitization therapy, exposure or shock therapy, aversion therapy, marking reward method, demonstration therapy, and rational emotive therapy. (3) Psychotropic drug treatment: In psychophysiological diseases, emotional changes can cause changes in the condition, and changes in the condition can affect the disease itself. In patients with anxiety and depression, the use of antidepressants and anti-anxiety drugs can improve the disease and is also beneficial to psychological treatment. (4) Environmental treatment: People's adaptation to the environment is an important sign of mental health. Environmental changes can sometimes cause mental symptoms and physical illness. During treatment, the external and internal environment must be appropriately adjusted. If the disease is caused by family factors, family members need to be treated. If it is due to work reasons, you can exchange opinions with the leader and allow the patient to change the environment or be hospitalized if necessary. For example, the phenomenon of jealousy in children has basic research value on the causes of jealousy: Since most of today's children are only children, their common problems such as squeamishness, pride, selfishness, willfulness, and narrow-mindedness directly lead to The formation of their fragile psychology.

And when they come to the group and lose their central position in the family, these personality flaws will contribute to the formation of their jealousy. For example, a female classmate in my class has been lacking a good mental state during study and class activities for a period of time, listless, and low interest. This is in sharp contrast to her previous proactiveness. After some in-depth communication, she told me: Recently, her good friend Wang Moumou always plays with another female classmate and stops talking to her. She felt that she had been left out and that Wang Moumou was "really not a friend enough." This female classmate showed a mild degree of jealousy. It caused distress to the girl and affected her normal study and activities. It can be seen that helping students correctly deal with various jealousies arising in interpersonal interactions is an issue that educators, especially class teachers, have to pay attention to and study. Harm 1. Spread rumors to stir up trouble, sow discord, confuse right and wrong, and even violate conscience and do immoral things, which will have a huge negative impact. I once taught a student who turned out to be good friends with another girl. They both liked mathematics. But over a period of time, her math scores dropped while the girl's scores steadily improved, earning praise from the teacher and admiration from her classmates. She couldn't accept this reality, so she adopted some unfair competition methods: saying bad things about the girl in front of other classmates, sometimes erasing the questions that the girl had done when collecting homework books, etc. Her actions ultimately brought pain to herself, harm to others, and affected the unity of the class. 2. Most people with strong jealousy are narrow-minded and are depressed and self-disturbed for a long time. Over time, they will develop symptoms such as insomnia, loss of appetite, fatigue, lack of energy, irritability and irritability, which will in turn reduce the body's immunity, leading to A series of physiological diseases. 3. Jealousy can affect people's judgment and self-control, destroy emotions, interfere with mood, form hypocrisy, coldness, exaggeration, narrow-minded and other bad characters, hinder psychological balance, destroy mental health, seriously lead to psychological abnormality and endanger life. 4. Jealousy will cause people to waste precious energy on how to belittle and slander others. Jealousy can make people regard friends as enemies and make close friends fall out. If this kind of psychological viciousness is allowed to develop, it will violate the law.

Hope to adopt it