Ask a question to all people surnamed Wen.

Wen (Wén Wen) has a pure pedigree and only one origin: it comes from the compound surname Wen and is a descendant of Shao Zhengmao in the Spring and Autumn Period. Shao Zhengmao was a Lu savage at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. He is knowledgeable and famous. Some of his ideas are inconsistent with Confucius. He once gathered people to give lectures and sang against Confucius, which made many disciples of Confucius go to Shao Zhengmao to attend classes. Later, Confucius killed Shao Zhengmao with his power. Because Shao Zhengmao was a well-known figure with a great reputation at that time, he was called "Wen Ren", so some of his descendants changed to Wen Ren. Later, someone changed the compound surname to a single surname, called Wen surname.

Noble families lived in Xing Wu County (now Xing Wu County, Zhejiang Province). Another is the single word Wen surname. After the defeat of Wen Tianxiang (lord protector) Army, its twenty-four sons and their descendants moved from Ji 'an, Jiangxi Province to Xishui (Macheng), Hubei Province. Unlike Wen in the south, this descendant is taller. The word "Wen" was originally changed from the word "Wen" in the forty-six years of Qing Qianlong (178 1). The first revision of Wen's genealogy said, "My surname is Wen and I live in Luling, Ji 'an, Jiangxi. In the second year of Song Jingyan (1277), the Patriotic Army collapsed in an empty pit and its ancestor Liang Fugung was arrested. Now he has fled to Lanqingyi, Qi, and changed "Wen" to "Wen" because of family affairs. "The believer here is Wen Tianxiang, and Qi is today's Xishui County, Hubei Province.

Little Yunnan is the residential area where Yunnan soldiers return to the north. These people who return to the north usually call this place "Little Yunnan". In Shandong, its specific location refers to the eastern coastal areas of Qingdao and jimo city today, and its center is now jimo city. In Weifang, Shandong and other places, there are also areas where Yunnan is mixed in the north, also known as "Little Yunnan". In other words, many such settlements are called "Little Yunnan".

In Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Tianjin, Beijing and other provinces and cities, many residents who moved from Shandong during the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China called their ancestral home "Little Yunnan" or "Little Yunnan in Shandong". Many residents outside jimo city and Qingdao, Shandong Province, also claim to be from Little Yunnan, Shandong Province. For hundreds of years, the name of Little Yunnan has been widely circulated, and the descendants of Little Yunnan people have spread all over the Great Wall, even across the ocean. However, the name of Xiao Yunnan is unknown in the official history, but it is widely known by word of mouth, and the folk genealogy is also recorded in writing. At present, many genealogies of residents in Shandong, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang and other provinces record their ancestral home "Little Yunnan ×××" or moved from "Little Yunnan". After investigation, these folk genealogies were first compiled in the mid-Ming Dynasty and even in the modern Republic of China. So where is "Little Yunnan"? In recent years, many local chronicles and place names have mentioned Xiao Yunnan, and opinions vary. Only three of them are as follows:

Xiao Yunnan said in Shanxi

According to the Records of Mu Ping County in the Republic of China, "Most of the household registration in this county was from the time when they moved to Yunnan in the early Ming Dynasty. And there are different types of households, such as those who occupy mountains, those who buy mountains, and those who miss mountains. As the old man often said, but I don't know why ... Although there were many immigrants in the early Ming Dynasty, no one moved out of Yunnan. " It is also nonsense to say that Yunnan is the south of Henan and Runan, or that small Yunnan is in Anhui, or that small Yunnan is in Shanxi. Laiyang County Records is also very skeptical about this, referring to the folks after Hongwu moved to the mountain four years ago, saying, "Yin Shan Zhinan, north of Mount Hengshan, has been called a cloud since ancient times. Zhao Yueyun in the Warring States Period, Yunzhong County in the Qin and Han Dynasties, Yunzhong County in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Yunnei County in the Sui Dynasty, Yunzhong County and Yunzhou in the Tang Dynasty, Yunfu Road in the Song Dynasty, Yunxian County in the Liao Dynasty and Yunzhou in the Jin Dynasty are all located at the junction of Jin, Cha and Sui provinces. Then in Yunli, south of Yunzhou, or south of Yungang (in the west of Datong, it is a scenic spot), Yunyang (in Zuoyun County) and Yunquan (in the west of Zhangjiakou), its natives must be called Yunnan. Denglaidie was attacked by the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, and all the residents died, mostly immigrants came here. The territory of the first person to come was reclaimed as a mountain household. Later people bought cultivated land to farm in order to buy mountain households. Those aborigines who survived the robbery by soldiers and bandits are missing families. However, those who moved did not forget their former residence, so they were called Yunnan. It is also a non-Yunnan province, so it is called Little Yunnan. "Dongfu people living abroad is also true, called Deng, Lai Hainan's ear. It is unreasonable to say that it is close to reason. However, it is not necessarily a rumor that there are people in this county who can be named from a county in Yunnan. Either things that are not recorded in history, or people migrate automatically and are unknown, so knowing is unknown.

According to Shandong's "Wendeng City Records", "There is no one left in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties. From the early Ming Dynasty to the mid-Qing Dynasty, the court ordered immigrants from Shanxi, Yunnan, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Anhui and other provinces to enter the country many times. The first one is called "Yamato", the later one is called "Yamato", and the indigenous immigrants are called "missing households". There are many folk stories about Yunnan and' Little Yunnan'. " History shows that after seven years of Yongle (1409), he immigrated from Yunnan to Shandong. In the Qing Dynasty, Wu Sangui, the "King of the Day" in Yunnan, was in charge of Kangxi's vassal occupation, but the Qing Dynasty failed, and the defeated soldiers and their families moved to Shandong. These are the two biggest broadcast actions. There are 952 administrative villages, 87% of which were established after the Ming Dynasty.

This record shows that it is a fact that Yunnan people or "Little Yunnan" people moved to this area during the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty and the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. Over time, hundreds of years later, some people confuse Yunnan with "Little Yunnan" and regard it as a place, which is very possible.

Small Yunnan is Yunnan theory.

Yunnan is named because it is located in the south of Yunling. Dianchi Lake is also called Yunnan Province for short. The article "Yunnan Province" in Ci Hai is called Yunnan or Yun for short. It borders Guizhou and Guangxi in the east, Sichuan in the north, Tibet in the northwest, Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam in the west and south. There are Yugong Liangzhou in the south, Qin in the west, Yunnan in the west, and Han in Yizhou County. It is also said that during the inauguration of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty (122 ~ 1 17), Cai Yun was called Yunnan because it was in the present south. In the Western Han Dynasty, Yunnan County was located in the south of Cai Yun, which governed Yunnan Post, and now it governs Xiangyun and Midu counties. During the Three Kingdoms period, Yizhou County was changed to Jianning County, and Yunnan County was divided. After the Tang Dynasty, Duan lived in Dali. Song is because of it. Yuan Shizu went south, captured Duan Xingzhi, made his fifth son Hu Gechi king of Yunnan, and established various roads in Yunnan as a major book province. Yunnan Broadcasting Administration Bureau was established in Ming Dynasty, and Yunnan Province was established in Kunming, which became Yunnan Province after Qing Dynasty.

The second preface to the genealogy of the Zhang family in Dajiagou, the fifth district of Xinbin County, Liaoning Province, records: "I am the ancestor of Wen, and my address is unknown. The four brothers, forced by heaven and man, were forced to live in Changshan, Zongtang Shuang Shan, Zongsanshan and Zongsidan because of frequent famine in Hongwu period, passing by the Yangtze River, and lost Dushan with all their heart. The three of them live in Jiulan Township, Qijia Bashe, Penglai County, dengzhou city, Shandong Province ... I live in the Dragon Palace, which crosses the sea from Dengzhou to Guangning Prefecture, and east to Nierku, Nangou, nanzamu, qingyuan county. Mr. Tong was born to Duke Ku. " He worked as a distributor and chef for more than 20 years, and then moved to Dabei, Lujiagou, District 5, Yingjing County.

According to Tan, director of the Labor Bureau of pulandian city, Liaoning Province, who briefly described the birthplace and migration history of Tan's ancestors in "The Family Tree of Tan's Family in Guandong": "Tan's ancestral home is Tan Jiabo, Ninghai Prefecture, the state capital of Shandong Province (19 13 March, Ninghai Prefecture was changed to Ninghai County and Jiaodong Daoli), and his ancestors called it Shandong hometown." "He also said ... According to the records of the remnant pages of the family letter, during the Ming Chenghua period (the theory of county place names is a long period), that is, in the middle of the 4th century/kloc-A.D., Tan's ancestor who moved to the south of Liuhe Village in Xiaoyun (under eighteen willows) also returned to Shandong with the immigrant army and lived in Tan Jiapo, the state capital, to reclaim land.

As mentioned above, Xin Kezhang's "Running to Yunnan" and "Four Brothers in Shandong Connect with the Yangtze River with One Heart" infer that "Little Yunnan" should be in the south of the Yangtze River. The latter said that the Tan family in Pulandian "returned to Shandong with the immigrant army" in Liuhe Village, Xiaoyun during the Ming Chenghua period. The meaning recorded in Zhang and Tan's genealogy: Little Yunnan is Yunnan Province or a certain place in Yunnan.

It seems reasonable to say that Little Yunnan is Yunnan, but I beg to differ. Today, Yunnan Province still has places such as Yunnan Post, Xiangyun County and Yunjinqiao, but there is no record of "Little Yunnan".

At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, after Zhu Yuanzhang made his capital in Nanjing, he sent envoys to surrender to Liang Wang who occupied Yunnan several times, but they were all rejected, so he ordered Fu Youde and Mu Ying to lead the army to conquer. When Fu Youde conquered Yunnan, most of the 300,000 troops stayed in Yunnan and were assigned to health centers. Until the end of Hongwu and the beginning of Yongle,15,000 households and more than 70,000 people were transferred to various health stations in Shandong in an orderly manner. Although most of these military families are not from Yunnan, they have been stationed all over Yunnan for a long time, and most of their wives are the daughters of Yunnan aborigines. A considerable number of their children were born in Yunnan, and later moved to Shandong with Yunnan as their birthplace. It is reasonable for Yunnan villagers who moved to Shandong to commemorate their hometown in Yunnan with the name of Little Yunnan. But Yunnan is not a "small Yunnan".

Xiao Yunnan said in Shandong

The saying of "Little Yunnan" in Shandong is quite common, and it is also recognized by most people.

Wang's genealogy is now in the home of Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County, Liaoning Province, which started at 1958 and Wang Yanxing continued at 1985. Its contents include genealogy, lineage and so on. According to genealogical records, Wang's original place is "Elm in Xiaoyun, Shandong", and he moved to Liaoning to join the flag in the eighth year of Qing Shunzhi (165 1). Little Yunnan distinguishes the complex shape of people's little toenails and the custom of Wang obeying Manchu, which is rare in other genealogies.

According to Li Lin's book "A Study of Manchu Genealogy", the chapter on clan migration says: "There are two kinds of Han people who moved from Shandong to Shanhaiguan, one is a small Yunnan person in Shandong, and the other is a Yunnan person who moved to Shandong. Where is Little Yunnan? Wang's genealogy in Xiuyan County, Liaoning Province records that in the eighth year of Shunzhi, Wang Ming, the ancestor of Shunzhi, led his four sons to move from Yushu in Xiaoyunanda, Shandong Province to Kangjiatun, north of Fengtian. Judging from this, the so-called' Little Yunnan' refers to Dengzhou, Laizhou and Qingzhou in Shandong Province, not Yunnan Province now. "

According to Zhang's genealogy collected by the First Commercial Bureau of Jilin City, Jilin Province, Zhang's original place of residence before moving to Jilin was "under the elm tree in Xiaoyu Nanda, Shandong Province" and moved to Jilin in Qing Dynasty. This also settled Xiaoyunnan in Shandong. In addition, according to Ma, president of the Friends and Relatives Association of Baiqi Town, shulan city, Jilin Province, Ma lived in Xiaomazhuang, Yunnan, Shandong Province before his death, and moved to Yongji County, Jilin Province in the Qing Dynasty, and then moved to Baiqi Town, county.

The above genealogical records confirm that Little Yunnan is not in Shanxi, nor in Yunnan Province, but in Shandong. And its geographical scope is in Laizhou, Dengzhou and Qingzhou, which is now Shandong Peninsula.

Xiao Yunnan is located in Shandong, which has been proved by most folk genealogies. So where is Little Yunnan in Shandong?

In the early Ming Dynasty, Japanese invaders invaded the coastal areas. Today's Qingdao, Shandong Province, is surrounded by the sea on three sides, with mountains as the shore and staggered harbors. Rob Island is an important place for coastal defense. In order to prevent the invasion of the enemy, seven guards and twelve guards were set up in Dengse and Qingzhou from Hongwu, that is, Anton Wei was in charge of the East China Sea Center (in Lianyungang, Jiangsu) and was placed under Qingzhou Prefecture. Da Songwei has jurisdiction over the Institute of Oceanography and the Institute of Dashan. Jinghaiwei is under the jurisdiction of Ningjin Institute. Chengshanwei has jurisdiction over Xunshan Post Office and Baichiya Post Office. Ahava governs Jinshan Zuosuo, Qishan Zuosuo and Lizhou Prefecture. Lingshan Wei has jurisdiction over Hezhai Qiansuo, Wangxuzhai Qiansuo and Laizhou Special Zone. In the twenty-first year of Hongwu (1388), he began to build fortifications on the sea 20 kilometers east of Jimo, Shandong. In the fourth year of Wenjian (1402), Aoshanwei (now Aoshanwei Town, Jimo) was established, which was divided into Xiong Ya Garrison (now Xiongya Station in Fengcheng Township, jimo city) and Fushan Reserve Garrison (now Fushan Station in Qingdao). Until the twelfth year of Qing Yongzheng (1734), Jiankang Institute was merged into Jimo County.

After the establishment of the garrison in Aoshan, the Ming government successively transferred many troops from Wushawei and other places in Yunnan, and these troops were transferred from the Aoshan garrison to the Denglaiqing garrison. Among them, Aoshanwei alone has jurisdiction over more than 40 docks and castles, and about 70,000 people have moved into military households. Their ancestral homes are all over Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Sichuan and even Yunnan. After Fu Youde pacified Yunnan, he settled in Yunnan and kept Uzza as a military camp. From the fourteenth year of Hongwu (138 1) to the early years of Yongle, he was stationed in Yunnan for more than twenty years, and the second generation also grew up. And when they joined the army, most of them were alone. A few wives and small families joined the army after being stationed in Yunnan, while most singles married local women. So after they moved to Aoshanwei, they mostly took Yunnan as their origin. According to the Toponymic Records of jimo city, there are nearly 65,438+0,000 villages in 30 towns and villages in jimo city today, and more than half of the residents call their ancestral home Yunnan or Wusha (Sawei) in Yunnan. There are Huaiyin County, Weining County, Biyang County, Legetun, Zhaoyang Mountain Front, Shizikou, Fengyi County and Niu Jiao Hutong in Gega County. Genealogy is mostly "Wusha (Saha) Wei, Yunnan Sophora japonica" or "Wusha (Saha) Wei, Inner Sophora japonica". There is no word "Little Yunnan" alone. The migration time was mostly from the end of Hongwu to Yongle. Most of them, together with Xu Huizu, moved from Wushawei in Yunnan to Aoshanwei. "Biography of Sichuan Tusi in Ming History" said that Wusha was the residence of the military and civilians. In the 16th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1383), barbarians rebelled, and Fu Youde and Mu Ying reported to the court that Wusha, Wumeng, Dongchuan and Mangbu were close to Sichuan, so please change it to Sichuan. Until the Qing dynasty Yongzheng years, E Ertai ordered the return of the native. Because Dongchuan is close to Kunming and far from Chengdu, Brigadier General Dongchuan, Zhenxiong and Wumengfu belong to Yunnan, and Uzza belongs to Guizhou. According to the Ming Wanli edition of Jimo Zhi, in the 24th year of Hongwu (139 1 year), the population of Jimo County was 13480 households 126800 people. Among them, after the establishment of Aoshanwei, more than 70,000 military households moved from Yunnan at one time, accounting for more than 60% of the total population of Jimo at that time. These military households were stationed in the eastern coast of Jimo with Aoshanwei as the center, reaching Xiong Ya in the north and Fushan in the south, including the whole of Jimo and Qingdao. In Ming Dynasty, Aoshanwei was the political and military center of Jimo. Military families moved from Yunnan live in this area. In order not to forget the hometown of Yunnan, unlike Yunnan, it is reasonable to be here under the name of Little Yunnan. Today, the northeast of Jiutai, the northwest of shulan city and the southwest of yushu city are called "Xiaochangyi" along the Songhua River. Although the official history is not recorded, it is widely circulated among the people. Its name originated after Qianlong in Qing Dynasty, and this area belonged to Bayan 'e Foluo Defense Banner in Yongji Prefecture of Fengtianfu, and 80% of the residents in this area came from Changyi County, Laizhou, Shandong Province after Kangxi in Qing Dynasty. In order not to forget their homeland, they were named "Xiao Changyi".

According to Tan Fujia's genealogy in Changyi County, Shandong Province today, "... was passed down from generation to generation by the Khotan family, and in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Ao Bai Mountain in Yunnan moved to the north of Yicheng and the east of Weishui since childhood, and the village was named Haiyan ..." Tan Yuxiang was written in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, with Tan as a preface. This file clearly shows that before Tan moved to Changyi, he originally lived in Aoshanwei, a small Yunnan province. This statement clearly shows that "Little Yunnan" refers to the eastern coast of jimo city and the urban area of Qingdao. Today's Preface to the Genealogy of Ma Family in Baiqi Town, shulan city City, Jilin Province also records that Ma's ancestral home was "Majiazhuang, Jimo, Shandong Province" and moved to Yongji County, Jilin Province in the Qing Dynasty, and then moved to Baiqi Town, county. All these are enough to show that Xiao Yunnan is in Shandong, and the exact location is on the eastern coast of Jimo, Shandong.

In today's Weihai, Yantai, Weifang and other areas in Shandong Province, as well as in today's northeastern provinces, many surnames have mentioned the name "Little Yunnan" in their genealogy and word of mouth. It is conceivable that the ancestors of these families must be military families who lived in Xiao Yunnan (Aoshanwei) from Hongwu to Yongle. From the middle and late Ming Dynasty, they migrated from Little Yunnan to other places, so their genealogy has the words Little Yunnan in Shandong. The author's ancestors entered Yunnan with Fu Youde in the 14th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, and then moved to Aoshanwei in the 2nd year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (Aoshanwei area has been called "Little Yunnan" since Yongle). In the 21st year of Yongle (1423), the five brothers moved to Shanglinyuan and Beijing, and then moved to Wei Yi (two cities). The ancestor of the author is Haiyan Tan, who moved to Jilin during the reign of Qing Qianlong.

To sum up, "Little Yunnan" is neither in Shanxi nor Yunnan. Small Yunnan is in Shandong, the specific location refers to the eastern coastal areas of Qingdao and jimo city today, and the center is jimo city today.

Little Yunnan is the area where soldiers who returned to the north from Yunnan lived. These people usually call this place "Little Yunnan". In Shandong, its specific location refers to the eastern coastal areas of Qingdao and jimo city today, and its center is now jimo city. In Weifang, Shandong and other places, there are also areas where Yunnan people from the north live together, also known as "Little Yunnan".