Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty had a foreign imperial concubine from Central Asia, the legendary Cao Ye.

Ge, a famous expert in literature and history, found that among the concubines of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, there was also a "foreign imperial concubine" from Central Asia.

Tang Xuanzong had 29 daughters and 30 sons. There are 20 recorded concubines, namely Liu Huafei, Zhao, Qian Fei and Liu Jieyu. Some concubines have disappeared, and the most suspicious one is Cao Ye Nagy. The biography of the Emperor Princess in the New Tang Dynasty only contains: "Shouan Gongzhu was born in Naji, Cao Ye."

Cao Ye Jina's name is a transliteration of Chinese. Cao is the common name of Sioux people. The word "Yena" is a common name of the Sogdians, and its original meaning in Sogdian is "favorite person". Both handsome guys and beautiful women can use it, which means that men look energetic and women look beautiful.

The Sogdians are one of the ancient western regions recorded in China ancient books, and also a national name. Its activity range is in Shang Seraphim Valley between Amu Darya and Syr Darya in Central Asia, and its capital "Malakunda" is located in Samarkand today.

How did Cao Jiye come to Kaiyuan and enter the harem?

According to Yuan Gui's statistics in the Book House, during the hundred years from the seventh year of Gaozu Wude to the seventh year of Daiqi, * * * made a total of 94 tributes, including 8 by Cao. Especially in the first half of the eighth century, the Arab Empire continued to launch military attacks to the East, pushing forward to Central Asian countries step by step, forcing them to seek help from China. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, it accounted for more than half. In the fourth year of Tianbao, Cao Lu paid tribute, apparently hoping to get rid of the threat of Arabs and become a small country in the Tang Dynasty. In this way, it is natural to pay tribute to Hu.

Shizai, during the Kaiyuan period, women in Hu Xuan were presented by the United States, women in Hu Xuan were presented by Guo Kangxian, women in Hu Xuan were presented by Shizhou for many times, and three women in Hu Xuan were presented by America at one time. According to tradition, it is natural for Cao to pay tribute to Hu.

In addition, Cao Ye was probably a female slave abducted by foreign countries in the Tang Dynasty. Because he can sing and dance well, he is in tune with the "Hu Feng" in the palace, so he is favored by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty.

Hu Xuan dance is one of the most popular dances in the Tang Dynasty.

Volume 146 cloud: "Dance turns into wind, commonly known as Hu Xuan."

Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, liked Hu Xuanwu very much. Yang Yuhuan, his favorite concubine, and An Lushan, his favorite, often danced Hu Xuan in court to please Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty.

Yun: "In my later years, I was fat and strong, with my stomach hanging over my knees and weighing 330 Jin. In each row, he can only move by lifting his body over his shoulders. Before Xuanzong, Hu Xuan danced like the wind. " When dynasties change, there are always people who betray their country. Surrender, the word is contemptuous, but forced by the situation, drag out an ignoble existence, many people still took the condemnation of the world and embarked on this desolate road. Li Yongfang, a famous general in Ming Dynasty, was the first traitor to surrender to Qing Dynasty.

Li Yongfang was born in Tieling, Liaodong, in the Ming Dynasty. During the Wanli period, he became the highest military officer in Fushun, with more than 600 people under his command. Fushun is a small place, but it is close to Hetuhala, and it is the first front for the Ming Empire to defend Nurhachi. When Nuerhachi unified the Nuzhen Yehe Department, he had contact with Li Yongfang, exchanged letters and became familiar with each other.

In April of forty-six years of Wanli, Nurhachi secretly set out to attack the Ming Dynasty on the grounds of the so-called "seven great hates", and the first hurdle he needed to cross was Fushun. Nurhachi's people tried to open and close the gate on the pretext of asking to enter the market, and then the army surrounded Fushun City, and Li Yongfang became a turtle in the jar. Nuhachi sent a letter of surrender to Li Yongfang. On the one hand, he was induced by engagement and promotion; On the other hand, he threatened a massacre. Faced with this dilemma, Li Yongfang promised to surrender, but he still lined up to defend the city. finally

At that time, Nurhachi's strength was not strong, and having such an Amin army had great political and military influence on him. Despite Li Yongfang's resistance, Nurhachi was overjoyed and tried his best to win a preface for himself. He "granted Yong Fang a third-class lieutenant to rule his people" and betrothed his granddaughter to Li Yongfang as his wife. From then on, Li Yongfang changed his face and became a member of the Manchu Dynasty, working for Nurhachi. For Li Yongfang's surrender and defection, the history books say that "the town of trimming began in Fushun in the Ming Dynasty; Discrimination will be reduced, and it also begins. "

After Li Yongfang surrendered, in view of his special status, Nurhachi gave him the main task of collecting intelligence and buying off the Ming generals, which is now commonly referred to as espionage and rebellion. Needless to say, Li Yongfang is lax in guarding the city, but it is ok. One hundred and twenty pieces of silver are not wasted every day, and its spies are all over Liaodong. The decadent generals were moved one by one and were willing to open the door and surrender. Even the capital city as far away as Shanhaiguan was found out. Nurhachi won the battles of Liaoyang, Shenyang and Sipingbao. Because of his achievements, Li Yongfang was also promoted to company commander.

Li Yongfang has a charming side, but also a shy and cowardly side. 16 19, the fourth year after Kim's death, after the Salhu War, he entered the account of the captured North Korean marshal and scribbled on the ground with chopsticks, writing: "Unfilial and unfaithful, the first step will be ugly", which revealed his shame as a traitor. In May of the eighth year of Jian 'an, Li Yongfang, worried that the news was untrue, rushed to send troops to persuade Nuerhachi not to participate in suppressing Fuzhou's military and civilian resistance. As a result, he was severely reprimanded by Nurhachi and his sons were bound and imprisoned. Soon, Li Yongfang was removed from the position of company commander because of his involvement in Liu Xingzuo's mutiny in the Ming Dynasty.

After Nurhachi's death, Huang Taiji acceded to the throne. In the first year of Tiancong, Li Yongfang accompanied A Min to Korea, but he followed Huang Taiji's advice. A Min cursed him as an "animal slave" and even killed him. Afterwards, Huang Taiji, who has always been clearly rewarded and punished, heard about it and did not give Li Yongfang any comfort. In Huang taiji's view, he was just a rebellious slave, because he didn't have to offend his brother.

As a result, Li Yongfang, who thought he was loyal to the Manchu Dynasty, was severely stimulated and could no longer speak. 1634 in may, from the eighth year, Huang taiji awarded meritorious service, saying, "all officials have made meritorious service several times, and the third viscount was awarded to the most honest one, but the inheritance failed." However, this title and honor can't save Li Yongfang's inner morality and humiliation. Soon, Li Yongfang died with endless dissatisfaction.

The descendants of Li Yongfang won the trust and respect of the Qing emperors, and their fourth grandson, Li Shiyao, was promoted to Manchuria. At that time, many people raised objections, but one of the reasons why Emperor Qianlong refuted the official department's "full officials did not grant the Han army" was that "Li Can Yong Fang Sun Anke was compared with other Han armies"? Li Yongfang's influence in the Qing Dynasty can be seen. Emperor Li Yongfang Qianlong once said that "the law has the meaning of death without death, so it should not be taboo", but it was finally listed as "Chen Er", but it was in Grade A.