Geographical environment of New Caledonia

1From May to June, 1997, elections for members of the French National Assembly were held on the island. Due to the boycott of organizations demanding independence, such as FLNKS, few people participated in the voting, and both representatives were elected by members of the National Union for the Defence of Caledonia.

1998 On April 2 1, the French government reached a political agreement with the Front de libé ration nationale kanak socialiste (FLNKS) and the National Union for the Defence of Caledonia in Noumé a on the future status of New Caledonia. The main contents are as follows: France gradually handed over the powers of education, taxation, foreign trade and transportation to new Cameroon, but still retained the departments of national defense, justice and police; In the next 15~20 years, new Cameroon will hold an independent referendum. If three-fifths of the people choose independence, France will hand over the remaining power. If independence is rejected, two more votes can be held in the next four years. If independence is rejected in the second vote, the future of the islands will be renegotiated. Recognition of "French * * and domestic New Caledonian citizenship", if the islands choose independence in the future, this identity will become "nationality". On May 5th, French Prime Minister Jospin signed the above agreement in Noumé a with leaders of various factions who supported and opposed the independence of the new Cameroon. 1998165438+1On 8 October, New Cameroon held a referendum on the Noumé a Accord. The agreement was passed with 765,438+0.9% votes, because two opposing political forces called on voters to vote for the agreement. The independents believe that the agreement laid the foundation for the independence of the new Cameroon, while the anti-independents claim that the new Cameroon "will never be independent". Public opinion generally believes that the adoption of this agreement is conducive to the future social stability of new Cameroon. In the same year, at the end of 65438+February, the French National Assembly adopted all the contents of the draft agreement with absolute superiority, and 1999 was also adopted by the Senate in February.

The April census figure 1996 shows that since 1989, the immigration from Europe to Polynesia has increased by 10 times. The Kanak population accounts for 44. 1% of the total population, but the birth rate is relatively high, so they strongly urge the French government to control the number of immigrants to ensure that more local people can find jobs. 1999101At the end of October, the Kanak Socialist National Liberation Front organized a demonstration with 5,000 participants in Noumé a, with the aim of arousing social attention to the high unemployment rate of Kanaks. The main political parties are:

(1) Union for the Defence of Caledonia in the RPCR Republic: also known as * * * and the Party. Established in 1977. It is composed of the democratic society center party and the * * * and the party, which is closely related to the French defense of * * * and the alliance. Advocate the new Cameroon to maintain the status quo. Leader Jacques Lafleur.

(2) Front de libé ration nationale kanak socialiste-FLNKS: f. 1984. It is composed of the Kanak Liberation Party, the Caledonian Socialist Party, the Caledonian Union, the National Independence Union and the Melanesian Progressive Union. There are more than 10000 members, mainly Kanaks. Advocate the independence of new Cameroon. President Roque Wamytan.

(3) The trade union Océ a Nienne-uo: 1989 split from * * * and within the party. The main members are immigrants from Wallis and Futuna Islands, belonging to conservatives. Leader Michelle Hema.

(4) Paul Alakazam, President of the National League for Independence.

(5) Federation of Coordinating Committees of Independent Persons: 1998, which was established by splitting from the Front de libé ration nationale kanak sociale, and its chairman is Leo Polder Choredier.

Other political parties include the Caledonian Tomorrow Party, the Future Development Party and the Loyal Islands Development Front. The head of state of New Caledonia is French President Hollande.

High Commissioner Albert Dupuis took office from 20 10 to 10. The Chief Executive is nominated by the territorial parliament and appointed by the president of the federal government. He is the representative of France in Caledonia and the diplomatic representative of New Caledonia.

Philippe Gomè s, president of the Federation, was born in Algiers, Algerian capital, on 10/0. He once joined the People's Movement League Assembly Party (an anti-independence party there), and left it in 2004 to join other politicians there, such as former presidents Marie Noel Temero and Harold Martin, and join the group "The Future of New Caledonia". Gomez was elected as the governor of the most urbanized southern province. Since then, due to differences with Martin and Didier Leroux, a senior politician, he broke away from the "Future of New Caledonia" party and established his own "Caledonian Solidarity Party". From 65438 to 0989, Gomez was the mayor of Raf Oichi, where he founded the annual film festival. In the May 2009 10 parliamentary election in New Caledonia, UMP Gathering Party won 13 of 54 seats, Gomez's "Caledonian Unity" won 10, and Caledonian Union and Caledonian Independence Union each won 8 seats. "The Future of New Caledonia" won only six seats. On June 5, Gomez was elected president of the federal government in a parliamentary vote.