Life in Walter Baade??

Bud 1893 was born in Schleitinghausen, Germany, and studied at the universities of Mü nster and G? ttingen in his youth. 19 19 received his doctorate. Then he worked at the burgdorf Observatory at the University of Hamburg. 193 1 year, bud immigrated to the United States and worked at Mount Wilson Observatory. 1948 entered Paloma Observatory, 1958 retired. Bud retired and returned to G? ttingen, where he died in 1960.

While working at Mount Wilson Observatory, Budd studied supernovae and galaxies with American astronomers Fritz Zwicky and Edwin Hubble. Mount Wilson Observatory has the largest telescope 100 inch (2.5 meters) in the world at that time. 1934, he and zwicki published an article in the Journal of the National Academy of Sciences, and put forward the term "supernova" to describe the transformation process from normal stars to neutron stars and explain the origin of cosmic rays, which was a very amazing view at that time. 1935, the first Schmidt telescope with a diameter of 45/65cm was built in Paloma Observatory at the initiative and promotion of Zwicky. 1934, he and Zwicky published an article saying that neutron degeneracy pressure can support stars whose mass exceeds Chandraseka's limit. During World War II, many astronomers were recruited into the military department. Budd stayed at Mount Wilson Observatory as a German national, which enabled him to use the telescope freely, and few people competed with him for the use time of the telescope. In addition, the nearby city of Los Angeles implemented wartime blackout, which greatly reduced light pollution and created good conditions for Budd's astronomical observation. Budd first used a 2.5-meter telescope to decompose a star in the Andromeda galaxy. He also put forward the concept of star family: one is young stars, mainly distributed in the spiral arms of galaxies, called star family ⅰ. The other is the old star, which is distributed in the central area of galaxies and halo clusters and is called the second group.

After World War II, Budd entered the Paloma Observatory and continued his research with the new 200-inch (5-meter) telescope of the Paloma Observatory. He found that each of the two constellations has its own unique Cepheid variable family, that is, the period-luminosity relationship, and its Cepheid variable family I and Cepheid variable family II are different.

Hubble tried to measure the distance of Andromeda galaxy for the first time, and mistakenly applied the period-luminosity relationship of Cepheid variable of Constellation II to Cepheid variable of Andromeda galaxy, and the result was 800,000 light years. Budd recalculated the distance of Andromeda galaxy with the correct period-luminosity relationship and got the result of 2 million light years. This means that almost all galaxies that use redshift to measure distance are more than twice as far as previously estimated, which also raises the estimated age of the universe from 2 billion years to 5 billion years, and solves the problem that the age of the earth is greater than the age of the universe.