Colonial period in Australian history

After the establishment of the Australian federal government before World War II, it encouraged all states to develop agriculture and animal husbandry production, advocated unifying the railway gauges of all states, promoting office projects, expanding welfare measures, setting up federal banks, building the army and navy, and strengthening the power of the federal government. In order to meet the needs of national development, from 65438 to 0907, it began to accept immigrants on a large scale. 1911~1914 years, more than 50,000 immigrants receive government assistance every year, and the number of immigrants who do not receive government assistance is three times that of the above-mentioned people. The federal government has formulated a protectionist policy to promote the establishment and development of domestic industries, and also formulated an immigration policy to restrict the entry of people of color, especially China people, the so-called White Australia policy. 19 14 World War I broke out. Australia supported Britain and actively participated in the war, sending troops to Europe and Africa. During the war, Australia occupied New Guinea and Nauru in Germany. 19 18 After the war, Australia participated in the Paris Peace Conference and supported the League of Nations. Obtained the trusteeship rights of New Guinea and Nauru. 1921~1929,300,000 British immigrants moved to Australia. 193 1 year, the British Parliament passed the Westminster Act, giving the Autonomous Territory autonomy in internal affairs and foreign affairs, and Australia became an independent country of the Commonwealth. When World War II broke out, Australia declared war on Germany and sent troops to North Africa, Greece, Syria and other places. 194 1 After Pearl Harbor, Australia declared war on Japan. The prime minister of the federal government delivered a speech, expounding the pro-American diplomatic line. On February 1942, Japanese planes bombed Darwin. The U.S. military has set up an allied headquarters in Australia. The Australian and American armies fought side by side to recover New Guinea occupied by the Japanese army.

After World War II, Australia's postwar federal government encouraged Europeans to immigrate to Australia. From 1948 to 1953, more than 500,000 people immigrated to Australia. From 1949 to 1972, the liberal party and the rural party jointly ruled, which promoted the development of Australian economy. Australia began to implement a more independent foreign policy, actively participated in international affairs and supported the United Nations and other institutions. The main change in foreign affairs is the policy towards Asia. 1950, Australia signed the Colombo Plan to support Indonesian independence. The immigration policies of 1956 and 1966 were amended to allow Asian immigrants to settle down. Australia joined southeast asia treaty organization on 1954. The Australian government strengthens its military relations with the United States. 195 1 year, Australia, New Zealand and the United States signed a security treaty. 1963 The Australia-US agreement agreed to establish a US naval communication base in the northwest corner of Western Australia. 1972 the Australian federal government formally established diplomatic relations with China, with Whitlam, leader of the Labour Party, as prime minister. From 65438 to 0975, the Liberal Party-Rural Party with J.M. Fraser as Prime Minister came to power. 1In March, 983, the Labour Party won the general election and Hawke became the Prime Minister. 1984 re-elected. The Australian government pursues an independent foreign policy, maintains close relations with countries in the Asia-Pacific region, and strengthens ties with the United States and Japan. (see color map)