What are the differences between Lingnan culture and Central Plains culture?

First of all, examine Lingnan culture from many angles.

Second, China lacks the concept of regional cultural equality.

Third, "hybridization": the generation of Lingnan culture.

Fourth, the triple influence of Central Plains culture on Lingnan culture.

From the perspective of cultural existence, it is probably no problem to say that Lingnan culture is rooted in ancient Baiyue culture, while from the perspective of cultural contribution, Lingnan culture and Central Plains culture are essentially the same root. Generally speaking, during the Qin and Han Dynasties, Zhao Tuo, a calming person in Hebei Province, was once divided into Lingnan and founded the country, and was called the Emperor of South Vietnam, with Panyu (now Guangzhou) as its capital, which was a prosperous period when Baiyue's original ecological culture was compatible with the Central Plains culture. In the Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, Lingnan area ushered in the climax of Central Plains immigrants, which brought further integration and development of regional culture and Central Plains culture. In the Tang Dynasty, Nanling Post Road was opened in Zhang Jiuling, and land transportation was established in the north of Lingnan Ridge. Exchanges are more frequent, and cultural integration is deeper and wider. Before that, the development of Lingnan culture was basically passively influenced by the culture of the Central Plains, but in the Tang Dynasty, the unique creation of Lingnan people began to adversely affect and contribute to the development of the Central Plains culture, and its symbol was the southern Sect of Zen founded by Huineng. In the Song Dynasty, the Central Plains migrated to Lingnan on a large scale, taking Zhuji Lane at the foot of Nanling as a stronghold, and then migrated to various parts of Lingnan on a large scale. As a result, the integration of Lingnan culture and Central Plains culture was basically completed, and Lingnan culture, as an organic part of China traditional culture, was basically formed. In the Ming Dynasty, the "Baisha School" (also known as "Jiangmen School") finally appeared, which made an important contribution to China's traditional ideology and culture. Chen Xianzhang (Chen Baisha), a native of Jiangmen, Lingnan, founded the Theory of Mind, which became an important figure in the history of cultural thought in China. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, there was a large-scale migration from the Central Plains to Lingnan. Since then, Lingnan and the Central Plains have merged into one, and there are many talents and cultural creations in Lingnan area, making it difficult to distinguish Lingnan from the North.

The decisive influence of Central Plains culture on Lingnan culture probably involves three aspects. One is local dynasty politics, such as Nanyue State in Zhao Tuo at the turn of Qin and Han Dynasties, and Nanhan Liu in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. Although the sparrow is small and complete, it has a set of laws, regulations and political culture introduced from the Central Plains, while Zhao in South Vietnam and Liu in South Han are all from the Central Plains. The second factor is the culture of demotion of officials. Many famous scholars and officials were relegated and exiled to Lingnan area. On the one hand, they brought mature Central Plains culture, on the other hand, they introduced the local customs of Lingnan area to all parts of the country through their national influence. As far as Guangdong is concerned, the most famous of these relegated officials are Han Yu and Su Shi. Han Yu spent eight months in Chaozhou as a secretariat. Since then, one river and one mountain in Chaozhou have been named Han Jiang and Han Shan, so later generations said that he was "a country with a surname of Han". The culture of demoting officials has had such a deep influence on Chaozhou that it is said that Chaozhou dialect contains a kind of "literati reading sound", which is the tone and rhythm of the civil servants who were demoted to the local area at that time when they read in the morning. Su Dongpo's famous phrase "Don't hesitate to be a Lingnan person" gives people a new understanding of Lingnan. Wait a minute. The third factor is the politics of the exile dynasty, specifically, the exile regime that opposed Yuan Dynasty in the Southern Song Dynasty and Qing Dynasty in the Southern Ming Dynasty. At that time, the Southern Song Dynasty and the Southern Ming Dynasty "moved" royal politics to Lingnan area, which not only brought mature regulations, etiquette and culture, but also brought a large number of civil servants and foot soldiers, which had a profound impact on Lingnan people, especially the upper class in Lingnan, such as Yu. These three factors, as well as the migration of the Central Plains to Lingnan area under this background, constitute the essence and main part of Lingnan culture.

Several characteristics of Lingnan culture can be seen from its formation history. First, it is rich in connotation, that is, the above-mentioned "hybridization", which includes both primitive indigenous culture, orthodox Central Plains culture and various foreign cultures. Second, the personality is distinct. Compared with other regional cultures, the personality of Lingnan culture is obviously relatively prominent. This is because its indigenous culture is very unique, and at the same time, because it absorbs and blends a lot of foreign cultures, it looks very different from the orthodox culture in the Central Plains. Even determined by the culture of the Central Plains, great changes have taken place. Therefore, Lingnan culture has a distinct personality, and * * * also contains personality. Another feature is that it is generated by "hybridization", so it has strong vitality and wide adaptability.