Are the characteristics of international migration the same after World War II and before World War II? Why?

Migration routes before World War II 1. Colonialist expansion and capitalist development II. Great geographical discovery and opening of new routes 1. From the Old World to the New World II. From known developed countries to underdeveloped regions 1. Europeans to America and Africa II. Black Africans were trafficked to the United States. East Asians and South Asians were recruited to the United States. Uneven economic development among countries after World War II 1. From developing countries to developed countries. 2. The number of settled immigrants has decreased. The number of migrant workers (migrant workers) increased 1. Latin Americans go to work in North America. 2. South Asians, South Europeans and Africans go to work in West Asia. Southern Europeans and Africans went to Western Europe. 4. Population migration since the founding of New China, China: [Memory] Causes and characteristics of migration The migration direction before the mid-1980s was 65,438+0. Planned economic system. Strict household registration management system, organized 1. The state dispatches all kinds of personnel from eastern cities to support the construction of western, inland and frontier areas. 2. A large number of rural population moved from densely populated areas in the east to the northwest and northeast. Since the mid-1980s, the reform and opening-up policy has been initiated spontaneously. Inland moved to the coast. 3. Poor areas are transferred to developed areas. 5. The significance of population migration [Understanding] Adjust the spatial distribution of population and the shortage of talents, strengthen ethnic integration and cultural exchanges, promote economic development, and narrow regional differences. 6. The impact of population migration on the place of immigration [Understanding Memory] The impact on the place of emigration: Good effects include reducing the population density of the place of emigration and reducing the pressure of population on the environment. The bad effects include the loss of talents and labor in the emigration area; the good effects include the inflow of talents and the provision of cheap labor. The factors that are not conducive to economic development include the increase of population density and the increase of population pressure on the environment. 7. Factors affecting population migration: [Memory] (1) Changes in natural environment and socio-economic environment (2) Among the factors affecting population migration due to changes in personal life or professional needs, economic factors often play an important role. 8. Factors of population migration in China in ancient times and in recent decades: [Understanding Memory] In ancient times, it was mainly war (Yongjia Rebellion, Anshi Rebellion, Jingkang Difficulty), followed by territorial expansion, exile and border defense. In recent decades, it is mainly due to national policies, social changes, economic development and personal needs. 1.3 Reasonable population capacity 1 Relationship between environmental carrying capacity and population capacity [Understanding] Environmental carrying capacity refers to the number of people that the environment can continuously support. An important index to measure environmental carrying capacity is the number of environmental population. 2. Concept and concept of environmental population capacity. Environmental population capacity refers to the number of people that a country or region can continuously support in its domestic production field by using local resources and other resources, intelligence and technology in the foreseeable period under the condition of ensuring that the material living standard conforms to social and cultural norms. Constraints: resources (in direct proportion), scientific and technological development level (in direct proportion) and living and cultural consumption level (in inverse proportion). 3. The concept of reasonable population capacity: [Memory] Under the premise of not hindering the quality of life of the future population, a healthy living standard is guaranteed according to a reasonable lifestyle, which is the most suitable population for a country or region. 4. The urgency of maintaining a reasonable population capacity: [Memory] The increasingly serious problems of excessive population growth, urbanization and urban population aging. 5. Measures to maintain a reasonable population capacity: [Memory] (1) The international community advocates keeping the population within a reasonable scale as much as possible. (2) Establish a fair order and ensure that most people have equal rights to pursue a high standard of living.