Who has a concise history of Korea?

1973, according to Korean archaeological research, Paleolithic sites,' Tokugawa Man Site '(65438+ million years to 40,000 years ago) and' Shengli Mountain Man Site' (40,000 to 30,000 years ago) were discovered in Shengli Mountain, Tokugawa County, South Pyongan Province. 1977, the "Lipu Man Site" was discovered in Daxian Cave, Lipu District, Pyongyang. 1980, the post-stone age human fossils, "Gulong Man" and various stone tools were discovered in Pyongyang. In the same year, the "Wanda Man" fossil was discovered in Wandali, Pyongyang.

Tan Jun, Korea

Tan Jun and Korea (2333-238 BC) is a mythical era in Korean history, and unofficial history's The History of the Three Kingdoms records13rd century. The Heritage of the Three Kingdoms, created by North Korea in the 3rd century A.D./Kloc-0, records that in 2333 BC, Wang Jian, a descendant of the god Xiong Huan and the "bear girl" (originally meant a woman who turned into a bear, probably a tribal woman with totem), established a king in Pyongyang today, and established an ancient Korea-Tan Jun Korea, which means "a country of tranquility and morning light". This myth is recorded in unofficial history.

Ji zi, Korea

Ji zi, Korea (about 1 122 ~ 194). According to Records of the Historian of the Western Han Dynasty in China, Ji Zi, the uncle of the last king of Shang Dynasty, moved eastward to the northern part of the Korean Peninsula with the etiquette and system of Shang Dynasty after Zhou Wuwang's conquest, and was elected as the monarch by the people there, and established the "Ji's Hou State", which was recognized by Zhou Dynasty. At the same time, he was named the monarch of this place by Zhou Wuwang, which is the so-called "history". According to the Korean history book "The Legacy of the Three Kingdoms", after Ji Zi came to North Korea, the descendants of Dangen took their people south to avoid conflicts with those brought by Ji Zi. These people later became the ancestors of Sanhan. During the period of Dynasty Xian and Lee Korea, Korea was highly respected and appreciated because of the prosperity of Confucianism. Koreans often call Ji Zi "Ji Sheng" and their country "Ji Guo Sheng".

Fruit Chan

Chen Guo was an early country that existed in the south-central part of the Korean Peninsula from the 4th century BC to the 2nd century BC. Chen Guo is considered by some Korean historians as the predecessor of Sanhan, and its capital may be south of the Han River. Chen Guo is regarded as a tribal alliance country like Sanhan.

Weiman Korea

Lu Wan, the prince of Yan in the early Han Dynasty, betrayed the Han Dynasty and fled to Xiongnu. His Ministry will lead more than a thousand people to enter Korea with Wei Man, the general of Yan State, and become the palace of Jizi North Korea. Wei regime was established in North Korea in 194 BC and overthrew the regime. This is the second dynasty in Korean history, called "Wei's Korea". After the establishment of the Wei regime, it controlled the northern part of the Korean Peninsula and was adjacent to Yan Di in the Western Han Dynasty. At this time, Emperor Hui of the Western Han Dynasty was in power, and the world began to rise. With the approval of the Han court, the governor of Liaodong took the initiative to meet Wei Man, the king of Korea: Wei Man was the vassal foreign minister of the Han Dynasty. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty divided the territory of Wei Man Korea into four counties, namely Lelang County, Xuantu County, Fan Zhen County and Lintao County, which were collectively called "Han Four Counties".

three kingdoms period

In 37 BC (the second year of Zhao Jian in the Western Han Dynasty), Zhu Meng established political power in Xuantu County of the Western Han Dynasty, which was recorded in the history books as Koguryo State. During the period of Koguryo's prosperity, its sphere of influence included the eastern part of Jilin Province in China, the northeastern part of Liaoning Province and the northern part of the Korean Peninsula. In 668 AD, Goguryeo was destroyed by the Tang and Silla allied forces on the Korean peninsula, with a history of 705 years. Koguryo's main activities were within the jurisdiction of the Central Plains Dynasty in China's history, and it maintained a subordinate relationship with all previous dynasties. It is a local political power restricted and ruled by the Central Plains Dynasty. Both politically and culturally, it was strongly influenced by the Central Plains Dynasty. In the 4th century A.D., the Korean Peninsula formed the "Three Kingdoms Period of Korea" in which Koguryo, Silla and Baekje stood together. Koguryo was the overlord of the peninsula in this period. Since then, during the Sui and Tang Dynasties in China, Goguryeo has been at war with China and began to fall. In 668, it was destroyed by the joint forces of the Tang Dynasty and Silla. According to the inscription in Koguryo's "The Monument to the King of Shantai", King Koguryo forced Baekje and Silla to submit to Koguryo and repelled the Japanese invasion of Silla. Baekje was founded by two sons of Koguryo founder Zhu Meng in today's Seoul. Baekje annexed Mahan tribe, which reached its peak in the 4th century and ruled most of the western part of the Korean peninsula. After being attacked by Goguryeo's expansion, the capital was forced to move to Jinxiong (now Duke of Zhou) and then to Si Tong (now Fuyu County). In the first 57 years, Silla unified the southeast of the Korean peninsula, annexed the Chen and Han tribes and established a country. Before the middle of the 6th century, Silla annexed Garda. In 668, after Silla conquered Baekje with the help of the Tang Dynasty, Koguryo was destroyed and most parts of the Korean Peninsula were unified.

Unified Silla period

Silla's territory arrived in the Yellow Sea after it was seized from Baekje and occupied by Koguryo. Silla began to form an alliance with the Tang Dynasty against Baekje and Koguryo. In 660 AD, Tang joined forces with Silla to destroy Baekje, attacked Koguryo the following year, and stationed around Pyongyang for a long time. In 668, Tang Gaozong sent troops again and finally conquered Pyongyang in September of that year. Xue established the Duhu House of Anton in Koguryo and Baekje, and Duhu House in the southwest of the Korean Peninsula (now Duke Zhou). Since then, the Koguryo regime has withdrawn from the historical stage, leaving only Silla and Tang Dynasty forces on the Korean peninsula. After the war between Silla and the Tang Dynasty in 670-676, Silla occupied Baekje's hometown and a small part of the original Koguryo territory, unified the area south of the Datong River on the Korean Peninsula, made Gyeongju its capital, and ruled by imitating the state system of the Tang Dynasty. In the 9th century, Silla farmers revolted. In 900 AD, General Zhen Xuan ascended the throne, and after the establishment of Baekje, Gwangju became its capital. In 9 18, Wang Jian established political power, with the country name "Korea" and the history name "Wang's Korea"; The original Silla is also known as "Korea in the post-Three Kingdoms period". Silla was destroyed by the king in 935, and the Silla era ended.

Post-Three Kingdoms period

The latter three countries are the collective names of post-Baekje, post-Koguryo and Silla. It lasted for more than 50 years until the establishment of Korea in 936. In the last years of Silla, the struggle for the aristocratic throne became more and more serious, centralization gradually weakened, and peasant uprisings broke out one after another. Among them, the power of Hu nationality is increasing day by day. In 889, King Silla advocated local taxes, which was strongly opposed by farmers and entered a period of full-scale civil strife. There have been many anti-Silla forces in various places, such as Yuan Zong and Ainu in Shawa, Liang Ji in Kitahara, Zhen Xuan in Wanshan, Gong Zi in Tiehara and Ji Xuan in Zhuzhou. Silla exists in name only, and there are countless separatist forces and local forces. In 892, Zhen Xuan was called the post-Baekje King in Wuzhen (now Gwangju) and sent an envoy to Wu Yueguo. In 898, Bowman made Song Yue (now Kaicheng) his capital, which was later called King Koguryo, and moved to Tieyuan in 9 10.

Koryo dynasty

In 9 18, Wang Jian, the ministry of Gong Yi Wang in the post-Koguryo period, was made king and moved to his hometown of Kaesong (Song Yue), and the country name was changed to "Korea". In 935, Silla was destroyed; In 936, after the elimination of Baekje, the Korean dynasty was established. In 993, after the Khitan War in Korea, North Korea broke off diplomatic relations with the Song Dynasty according to the agreement and obtained its hometown east of the Yalu River. And repelled the Khitan in the next two wars. 123 1 year, during the Korean-Mongolian War, korean king fled to Jianghua Island; 1258, Cui regime collapsed, the king surrendered to the Mongolian khanate, and Mongolia promised to withdraw its troops. After the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, Sanbie Copy, which refused to lower the Yuan Dynasty, continued to wage an anti-Yuan war. 1273, the Yuan Army occupied Jeju Island and the Korean-Mongolian War ended. Korea became a vassal state of the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty, and it was not until 1356 that the Korean court recovered its sovereignty.

During the Korean dynasty,

1388, King Koryo sent Li Chenggui to attack Liaodong, and Li Chenggui had already made up his mind to join the Ming Dynasty. He returned from the Yalu River to occupy the capital Kaesong and staged a coup. 1392, the king of Korea was deposed, and Wang Gai became its own country with Hanyang as its capital. Later, Korea was a vassal state of China Dynasty for a long time. The Korean dynasty practiced the policy of worshipping Confucianism and restraining Buddhism. Take a big policy towards China. From 14 16 to 1449, North Korea set up "four counties in the northwest" on the east bank of Yalu River and "six towns in the northeast" on the south bank of Tumen River, which drove some Jurchen tribes in Jianzhou to China (including the ancestor of Nurhachi, Mongotugula). 159 1 year, the Japanese Toyotomi Hideyoshi sent 200,000 troops to invade Korea and once occupied Seoul and Pyongyang. China sent troops to aid North Korea; 1598, the Japanese army was defeated by the allied forces of China and North Korea, and Li Shunchen, the general of North Korea, and Deng Zilong, the general of China, supported each other and both died heroically. Historically, it was called "Renchen Japanese Rebellion" and China called it "Wanli War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea". 16 18, the Ming Dynasty fought against the late Jin Dynasty, and North Korea sent troops to help the Ming Dynasty; 1623, North Korea abolished Hui Wang without authorization, and Yuan Keli, the governor of Ming Enlai, advocated "waiting for China". 1636, after the Jin army captured the whole territory of Korea, korean king surrendered and paid tribute to the Jin Dynasty (later Qing Dynasty) and became the conferring country of the Qing Dynasty. 1863, Li Xi, son of Li Yunying of the royal family, succeeded to the throne after the death of Zhezong of Korea. Historically, Li Yunying was the Regent of the "Grand Courtyard", and implemented a series of reforms, such as strengthening centralization, suppressing local feudal forces, closing the country to the outside world, setting fire to American warships robbed in North Korea, and repelling and destroying American warships many times. 1873, Emperor Gaozong became an adult leader, the King of the Grand Courtyard was no longer the Regent, and the consorts took power. 1876, Japanese warships entered the mouth of the Han River, forcing North Korea to sign the unequal Jianghua Treaty and knocking on the door of North Korea. 1882, because Min Qianhao, the spouse of Min Fei, deducted the military pay, the Korean reformists instigated the Renwu mutiny with the assistance of Japanese political parties. During the mutiny, the uprising soldiers killed officials of the Japanese legation and broke into the palace. Princess Min fled disguised as a maid-in-waiting, and Dayuanjun regained power. At Min Fei's request, China sent Wu Changqing and 3,000 soldiers into North Korea to suppress the mutiny, imprisoned Grand Yuan Jun, and Min Fei's consorts returned to power. Since then, both Japan and the Qing Dynasty have stationed troops in Korea. North Korean aristocrats are divided into "civilized faction" demanding reform and "old school" headed by Min Fei. 1884, 1884 On February 4th, 1984, Hua Kai sent a joint plan with the Japanese minister, relying on the Japanese army to launch a coup, killing conservative officials, and renouncing relations with the Qing government, which was known in history as the "Shen Jia coup". At the request of the old school, the Qing army commanded by Yuan Shikai entered the palace on the 6th, defeated the Japanese army and killed the civilized leader. Some civilized leaders fled to Japan, and conservatives returned to power. 1894, the East Learning Party rebellion broke out in North China, and the North Korean court was unable to suppress it, so it asked the South Korean army to enter the DPRK to suppress it. On June 6th, China's army landed in Asan, and the Japanese army landed in Incheon on July 6th, and launched the Nonnoon incident of occupying Hanyang, forcing North Korea to sign the Jiwupu Treaty (now Incheon). And organized a pro-Japanese government to quell civil strife. 1894 the Japanese attacked the Japanese troops stationed in China and provoked the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1894. After China's defeat, North Korea was forced to end its suzerain-vassal relationship with China. 1895 In April, the Qing Dynasty was defeated, and the Sino-Japanese treaty of shimonoseki was signed, which recognized the independence of North Korea, so the North Korean government under Japanese control announced the termination of the vassal relationship with the Qing Dynasty. 1896, with the support of Russia, Emperor Gaozong of Korea established the Korean Empire, from which Lee Korea was renamed "Korea". 1904, after the Russo-Japanese War, Russia was defeated and the Korean regime was completely controlled by Japan. 1905, the Treaty for the Protection of Japan was signed, and North Korea became Japan's "protectorate". 1906, Japan established a "unified supervision" regime dispatched by Japan in North Korea. 1907, Japan forced Gaozong to abdicate and was succeeded by the Crown Prince, which was a pure Sect of North Korea. 1909, Ito Bowen, the first Japanese governor in the DPRK, was stabbed to death by North Korean patriot An Zhonggen in Harbin. 1905 After the Russo-Japanese War, Japanese forces controlled the whole peninsula, and a large number of Koreans who did not want to become Japanese subjects crossed the river to take refuge in China, becoming the main part of Koreans in China.

Japanese colonial period

19 10 In August, Japan forced the Korean Empire to sign the Japan-South Korea Merger Treaty with it, formally annexed the Korean Peninsula, and established the Korean Governor's Office for colonial rule. Japan made the royal family of the Korean Empire a Japanese aristocrat, forced Gaozong to abdicate and established the pure Sect of Korea. 1 919 March1day, a large-scale rebellion broke out on the Korean peninsula due to the sudden death of the abdicated Korean emperor Li Xi (suspected of being poisoned by the Japanese) and Japan's ban on the use of Korean in schools. Liu Kuanshun and other young students published the "Sany Declaration of Independence" in Tadong Park, Jongno-ku, Seoul, and spread it throughout the country. These independence activities aroused people's rebellious consciousness, and people attacked Japanese police everywhere, which led to the violent suppression of Japanese police. History is called the "Sany Movement". In the same year, the leaders of the Korean independence movement set up interim governments in Vladivostok, Shanghai and Seoul. Finally, the three provisional governments merged into the "Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea" in Shanghai. The provisional government was recognized by the national government led by Sun Yat-sen and France, Poland and other countries. 1939 After the fall of Shanghai, the provisional government moved several times, and finally 1940 moved to Chongqing, the wartime capital of China at that time. With the help of the China government, the Korean Zionists established the "Korean Recovery Army" and the "Korean Volunteer Army" in China. 1941On February 7th, the Pacific War broke out, and on February 9th, 65438, the provisional government declared war on Japan. 1942 On May 15, the China Military Commission decided to merge the two armies into the Korean Recovery Army, which was directly under the jurisdiction of the interim government. 1945165438+1On October 23rd, the provisional government of the Republic of Korea moved back to China, and the Guangfu Army returned the following year. From 65438 to 0932, Kim Il Sung started anti-Japanese guerrilla activities in northeast China. 1937, Kim Il Sung's anti-Japanese troops captured the Futenma Fort near Huishan, a military town in northern Korea (now Huishan City, the capital of Liangjiang Road), which was the first time that the North Korean armed forces attacked the Korean mainland. 194 1 year, under the attack of the Japanese Kwantung Army, Kim Il Sung's troops suffered heavy losses and were forced to withdraw from the Korean peninsula and rest in the Soviet Union.

North-South confrontation

1In February, 945, according to the arrangement of Yalta Conference, the Korean Peninsula was jointly managed by the United States, the Soviet Union, Britain and China. /kloc-in August of 0/5, Japan surrendered and the Korean peninsula got rid of Japanese colonial rule. The United States and the Soviet Union immediately changed their plans and agreed to accept Japan's surrender on the Korean peninsula with 38 north latitude as the dividing line (the 38th parallel). At the same time, the Soviet Union and the United States stationed troops in the northern and southern parts of the Korean Peninsula at the boundary of 38 degrees north latitude, and the Korean Peninsula has been in a state of division since then. With the support of the United States and the Soviet Union, the Republic of Korea was established in the south of the Korean Peninsula in August 1948, and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea was established in the north of the Korean Peninsula in September 1948. 1948 10, the Soviet Union handed over the administrative power of the northern half of the Korean peninsula to the North Korean government. 19 On February 25th, all Soviet troops withdrew from North Korea. 1The Korean War broke out on June 25th, 950. At first, the Korean People's Army won a great victory all the way and suppressed the South Korean army to Busan, so the United States decided to intervene and assembled troops from Britain, Turkey, Canada, Thailand, New Zealand, Australia, the Netherlands, France, the Philippines, Greece, Belgium, Colombia, Ethiopia, Luxembourg, South Africa and other countries to form the "United Nations Army". 1September, 950, the US military took the lead in landing in Incheon. In the face of the cut-off of the US military, the North Korean army was forced to retreat. And was pushed all the way to the Yalu River by the US military. At this time, the North Korean leader asked the South Korean government for support. In the same year, 10, 19, Chinese people's Volunteer Army crossed the Yalu River and began to help Korea fight. After repeated tug-of-war,1On July 27th, 953, the United States was forced to sign the Korean Armistice Agreement with China and North Korea in Panmunjom. The two sides finally decided to take the temporary dividing line (38th parallel) as the boundary, and the Chinese and North Korean armies signed an armistice agreement with the United Nations, which appointed Switzerland and Sweden, two permanent neutral countries, to be stationed in the same garrison area to monitor the military actions of the two countries on the border. 1 953 65438+1October1,the United States and South Korea signed the Korea-US Joint Defense Treaty. According to this treaty, the United States has been stationed in South Korea for a long time, and on June 26th, 1958, Chinese people's Volunteer Army completely withdrew from the Korean peninsula. 1994, Kim Il Sung died of myocardial infarction in the official residence, and his successor was his eldest son Kim Jong Il. From 65438 to 0997, Kim Jong Il became the general secretary of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea. On September 17, 2002, Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi paid a one-day visit to North Korea, which was the first time since World War II. The two sides also signed the Pyongyang Declaration of Japan and the DPRK to normalize relations between the two countries. Established diplomatic relations with European countries such as Britain and Ireland for the first time. There are 157 countries that have diplomatic relations with the DPRK. 10 on June 9, North Korea conducted its first underground nuclear test. On May 26th, 2009, North Korea conducted its second nuclear test. The next day, because South Korea joined the Proliferation Security Initiative, it announced its withdrawal from the Korean Armistice Agreement.