The Qing Dynasty was stationed in Jiangdong in 64 years.

Jiangdong has Lao Aihui, Qian Honihurha, Yao Tun and Hou Tun. With the development of immigration and reclamation activities, it gradually developed into sixty-four villages in Jiangdong. Take the old village in Jiangdong as an example. Laotun, also known as Tori Hadatun, is one of the earlier villages in Jiangdong in 64 years. At first, there were only five people in the old village: Wu, Yao, Cao, Xu, Zeng and He. With the increase of population, there is no surplus land around the old village to cultivate, so many people move to other places to build new villages, so there are more and more villages, and 64 villages are gradually formed. In the early days of Jiangdong, only Laoaihui, Qianhuni Islom Tukhtakhodjaev, Yaotun and Houtun developed into what we call "Jiangdong 64 Tunnel". The sixty-four villages in Jiangdong are under the jurisdiction of Aihui Deputy Department.

The number of villages in "Sixty-four Villages in Jiangdong" recorded in Memorabilia of Journey to the West is 28. 1857 (the seventh year of Xianfeng in Qing dynasty), in the memorial of Yishan, Jiangdong was called "more than 30 villages to flag households" (Volume 17 of Xianfeng Chaobei Foreign Affairs). According to the study of modern Russian-Chinese relations, there are 64 villages in Jiangdong, including Manchu village 16, 400 households with 3,286 people, Han village 14, 540 households with 5,400 people, Daur village 14, 280 households, 1960. Song Xiaolian's Travel Notes to the North and Records of the Qing Dynasty are collectively called forty-eight villages. 1883 (the ninth year of Guangxu reign), Lieutenant Colonel Na Zalov of the Russian General Staff conducted a field investigation. According to the Compilation of Asian Geography, Topography and Statistics, there were 37 villages and 26 settlements (not listed). It can be seen that the number of "sixty villages in Jiangdong" is increasing rapidly. The fundamental reason is that the reclamation policy of the Qing Dynasty tends to be relaxed, and a large number of mainland residents come to the frontier, and most of them are built in the southeast of Liushitun area in Jiangdong under the name of shacks with Han surnames. Such as: Han Jia Wopeng, Cao Jia Wopeng, Yao Jia Wopeng, Jiang Jia Wopeng, etc.

Sixty-four villages in Jiangdong are commonly called "Forty-eight villages in Jiangdong" by local people. The "forty-eight villages" here is just a geographical concept, which refers to the larger and more well-known villages in the sixty-four villages in Jiangdong. It can be seen that "64 villages in Jiangdong" is possible as a geographical concept, but it is unscientific as the number of villages.

In fact, "Jiangdong Sixty-four Tun" was a general term before1881-kloc-0/900 (the seventh year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty-the twenty-sixth year of Guangxu) and 19 "Jiangdong Sixty-four Tun Massacre" made in Russia.

At that time, every village had a captain (also called Tunqian). Datun has two captains, the chief and the deputy, while Xiaotun has only one captain. Xu Fugang, Li Xiyuan and others said that there is also a general manager in five or six villages around, named "Five Protectors". The village heads directly listen to Aihui's orders and handle civil disputes, conscription, grain requisition, etc. Wu Xiaolian said that at that time, her father was the head of Nanwobao, in charge of farming, delivering official food and fighting. If there is something in the village that can't be solved, he will cross the river and report to the Aihuicheng yamen.

Sixty-four households in Tunpu were all included in the Eight Banners. Every flag belongs to Aihui's barracks, and Xu's belongs to two flags, one red flag and the other white flag.

At the age of eighteen, young people from all villages go to Aihui City to ride horses and shoot arrows every February and August. The qualified ones are "armored soldiers" and the rest are "Xidan soldiers" (Manchu), that is, the people are brave. The "armored force" will practice in February and August. After practice, they will go home to farm and be ready to fight in wartime. Xu Fugang said that my eldest brother was painted as an "armored soldier" in the year of 1900.

Every village should pay official grain to Aihui regularly every year. After the autumn harvest is completed every year and the river is closed, the official grain is delivered to Aihui for safekeeping. Cultural education in 64 villages. There are no government-run schools in sixty-four villages in Jiangdong, and most villages have private schools. The learning content of private schools; Han people read the sacred amethyst, Hundred Family Names, University, The Doctrine of the Mean and other books. Manchu people read full-text books; Generally speaking, Daur people also read Chinese documents. Kang Quanrui, a Daur old man who lives in Tiger Tun, Jiangdong, said that when I was seven years old, I studied in Tunzi private school, and I learned the Three Character Classics, Hundred Family Names, University and the Doctrine of the Mean.

Manchu mainly studied Manchu in private schools, graduated in three years, and then went to Aihui City to learn Chinese. It takes four or five years for the Han people to finish reading the Four Books and Five Classics. If the rich miss it again, they will have to go to Aihui City.