What countries and regions does Australia include?

Australia refers to the Commonwealth of Australia, referred to as "Australia". Its territory covers an area of 7,692,024 square kilometers and is surrounded by the sea. It is the only country in the world whose territory covers the whole continent, so it is also called "Australia". Australia has many unique animals, plants and natural landscapes, and is a multicultural immigrant country.

Australia originally meant "Southern Continent". When Europeans discovered this continent in the17th century, they mistakenly thought it was a land that went straight to the South Pole, so they named it "Australia". ?

Australia was originally an Australian aborigine. /kloc-At the beginning of the 7th century, Spanish, Portuguese and Dutch colonists arrived here successively. 1770 became a British colony, and 190 1 formed the Commonwealth of Australia and became a British dominion. 193 1 became an independent country of the Commonwealth.

Extended data:

The geographical environment of Australia:

1, regional position

Australia is located between the South Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean, and consists of islands and overseas territories such as Australia and Tasmania. It borders the Coral Sea and tasman sea in the Pacific Ocean in the east, and the Indian Ocean and its marginal seas in the west, north and south. It is the only country in the world that monopolizes a continent.

2. Topography

The topography of Australia is very distinctive. Eastern mountainous area, central plain and western plateau. The highest mountain in China, Kosi Asco, is 2228 meters above sea level. Near the sea, it is a long and narrow beach with gentle slope, which gradually turns into a plain to the west. There is the Great Barrier Reef on the northeast coast.

3. Climate characteristics

Australia is located in the southern hemisphere. Although the time difference with China (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) is only 2-3 hours, the seasons are completely opposite. 65438+February-February is summer, March-May is autumn, June-August is winter, and September-165438+1October is spring. The annual average temperature in the north is 27℃, and that in the south is 65438 04℃.

4. Distribution of water system

Murray river and Darling River are the two longest rivers in Australia. These two water systems constitute the Murray-Darling Basin, with an area of over 1 10,000 square kilometers, which is equivalent to 14% of the total area of the mainland. The longest river is Murray River, which is 2589 kilometers long. Aier Lake is a huge salt lake near the center of the mainland, with an area of over 9000 km ㎡, but it has been dry for a long time.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Australia