Planning of immigrant area north of Huanjiang River

1. Land development and utilization planning

It is the key to the success of off-site development to determine the reasonable land use mode and scale, set up suitable industries and take the road of combining resource development, ecological environment protection and construction. In order to get rid of poverty and become rich, based on the quantity, quality and structure of water and soil resources, the industrial benefits and the amount of different types of land that the labor force can afford are comprehensively considered. It is estimated that the contracted land area of each household is 40 mu, and the land use structure is: basic farmland 4-5 mu, sugarcane land 5 mu, orchard 10 mu and forestry land 20 mu (see Table 3).

Table 3 Land Use Planning Unit of Chengbei Demonstration Zone: mu

2. Crops

The cultivated land and garden land 1.55 million mu are developed, and the main technologies are: high-yield and high-sugar sugarcane cultivation technology, introduction, screening and popularization of new varieties of high-quality and high-yield grain and oil crops, introduction and cultivation technology of high-efficiency feed crops, monitoring and prevention technology of soil erosion in new cultivated land in resettlement areas, effective utilization technology of soil moisture in new cultivated land, soil nutrient dynamics and formula fertilization technology in new cultivated land.

Technical indicators: Establish a high-yield demonstration base for sugarcane and grain and oil crops, introduce and popularize new varieties with high quality and high yield, so that the yield of sugarcane will reach 75t/hm2, the yield of corn, rice, soybean and other crops will increase by 20% on the basis of 2000, the modulus of soil erosion of newly reclaimed land in resettlement areas will be reduced by 40%, and the utilization rate of surface water will be increased by 20%.

The demonstration area in the north of the city is close to Huanjiang County, and the vegetable production is moderately developed. According to the consumption habits of local residents and the resource conditions of the demonstration area in the north of the city, the main forms of vegetable production are as follows: ① plastic greenhouse seedling raising, planting peppers, tomatoes, eggplant, cucumbers, beans and other fruits and vegetables. Sowing from the middle of 10 to the middle and late of 12 every year, and its products will be listed before Tomb-Sweeping Day in the following year; (2) Intercropping red pepper, frameless kidney bean, mung bean, begonia purpurea and houttuynia cordata. In the young orchard; 3 sow Chinese cabbage, radish, carrot, etc. Autumn; (4) Chinese cabbage and Chinese cabbage that can be sown all year round; ⑤ The dual-purpose forest for bamboo shoots mainly produces sweet bamboo shoots.

The production scale is 60 mu, mainly for residents of Sien Town, Huanjiang County and immigrants from the demonstration area in the north of the city.

3. Fruit trees

The demonstration area in the north of the city is hilly and mountainous, with relatively rich land area, with dry land of 7 178 mu. Because the primary purpose of pre-migration is to solve the problem of food and clothing for immigrants, the main cash crops planted in dry land in the demonstration area are sugarcane, and the rest are corn, cassava and other food crops. The planting area is 4500 mu; These dry slopes where sugarcane, corn and cassava are planted are all suitable for planting fruit trees. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, sugarcane areas will be properly adjusted and compressed, and cassava, which is harmful to the ecological environment, will no longer be planted. It is planned to build a new green navel orange production base of about 2000 mu, which will be completed in 2006 from 5438 to 2003 1.400 mu, with emphasis on Newhall, Qingjiang and other excellent navel oranges.

Experiment and demonstration of high-quality and high-yield cultivation techniques for fruit trees: the effects of interplanting technology and intercropping crops on the growth and development of fruit trees, the experiment and demonstration of water-saving techniques for orchard storage, the demonstration of early fruiting and high-yield cultivation techniques for fruit trees, the experiment and demonstration of high-quality and advanced cultivation techniques for fruit trees, the experiment and demonstration of organic fertilizer ratio for fruit trees, and the research and demonstration of biological mulching techniques for orchard.

Technical index: 300 mu of citrus in the demonstration area of reclamation center will be built into an experimental demonstration base of green food and fruit. A new excellent navel orange production base of 2700 mu was built, which began to bear fruit after three years of planting, and the output reached 400 kg/mu; High yield reached 1500kg/ mu in 5 years.

Safeguard measures: ensure the purity and quality of seedlings, introduce a small number of seedlings in the early stage, establish seedling breeding bases, and give priority to high-quality seedlings bred by ourselves. Establish a high-quality ecological navel orange production base, form 2.5 ~ 3m terraces in the form of contour terraced soil or hedges, dig planting holes of lm3, and apply appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer, tung litter, filter mud and straw. Leguminous crops (soybeans and peanuts) were planted 1 ~ 3 years before the new orchard was built, and the shade-tolerant leguminous forage clover was popularized in the fourth year. The comprehensive prevention and control technology of diseases, pests and weeds based on biological measures should be applied, and mineral pesticides, sulfur mixture, flavonoids, abamectin and other biological pesticides should be used appropriately, instead of chemical synthetic pesticides. Organic fertilizers such as biogas manure, tung withered, filter mud and green manure are mainly used to minimize the application of chemical fertilizers.

4. Animal husbandry

The main content of technology development demonstration work: According to the actual situation in this area, it is planned to develop efficient breeding of monogastric livestock and poultry such as pigs and poultry.

Technical methods: establish poultry breeding and other trade associations, carry out regular training, provide paid technical services for the whole process of livestock and poultry conservation, solve the production risks of farmers and improve feeding efficiency; Adjust the planting structure in the region, establish a ternary planting structure of "grain, economy and feed", and introduce high-protein and high-quality drought-resistant feed corn such as "Rumex"; Improve livestock and poultry breeds by artificial insemination and other technologies.

Economic and technical indicators: an agro-pastoral ecosystem with a combination of planting and breeding and a virtuous cycle of materials has been established, and the proportion of aquaculture in the agricultural economy has increased significantly. In the demonstration area, 200 mu of high-quality forage crops are planted, including more than 0/00 sows and pigs, 0/0000 broilers, 200 rabbits and 500 ducks and geese.

5. Construction of ecological forest system

The afforestation in this area is mainly eco-economic forest, combined with the three-dimensional development of multi-layer planting forest grass and forest medicine to improve its eco-economic benefits. Afforestation trees are alder, masson pine, bamboo, eucalyptus, navel orange, citrus, chestnut, pear and other economic forests.

Technical indicators: 200 mu of bamboo, 800 mu of masson pine, 400 mu of eucalyptus and 200 mu of others; The vegetation coverage rate is over 70%, and the afforestation survival rate is over 90%; The afforestation preservation rate reaches 80%. Forest growth increased by10% ~15%; Soil erosion modulus decreased by 40%, and the forest coverage rate was 40%.

6. Rural energy construction

The daily energy consumption of farmers in the reclamation demonstration field and its surrounding reclamation and resettlement fields, Chengbei resettlement field and Xingle resettlement field depends entirely on chopping wood and a small amount of crop straw. In recent years, 638 households * * * 2942 people have been resettled in the demonstration area of 2 1 km2, and 400hm2 of barren slopes in the area have been reclaimed as agricultural sloping farmland, and the area of forest land and natural vegetation has been greatly reduced. If the living energy of new immigrants depends entirely on firewood, the forest land and natural vegetation will decrease year by year, and the ecological environment of resettlement areas may deteriorate gradually. In order to prevent immigrants from returning to poverty and being forced to move again because of the deterioration of ecological environment in immigrant areas, it is necessary to find new alternative energy sources.

Biogas is a new type of renewable energy, which uses human and animal manure and a small amount of crop straw (or weeds) to ferment and produce convenient and hygienic energy for life. There are 300 biogas digesters in Huanjiang demonstration area with reclamation as the central experimental area, 83 biogas digesters in reclamation demonstration field in central demonstration area, and 90% farmers in reclamation demonstration field use biogas.