Why is the population of Shanxi so small?

One of the main reasons for Shanxi's small population is that it is relatively open-minded and has no deep-rooted concept of having more children and being happy. One reason is that the population base is small and the growth rate is not fast. The national family planning policy has also effectively curbed population growth! Shanxi is poor, short of money, talents and resources. Xiongnu, Qiang, Xianbei, Mongolia and Manchu all occupied it, and there were many wars, and people, money, power and power all left.