Excuse me, who is Martin Luther King? What country does he come from? And his file.

Martin Luther king, Jr

1929 65438+1October 15. Martin Luther king Jr. was born in a small Victorian building at 50 1 Auburn Street, Atlanta, USA. His father is a priest and his mother is a teacher. He learned how to love, sympathize and understand others from his mother. I learned courage, strength, frankness and frankness from my father. However, living in a slum, he also felt the dignity of his personality and the pain of being black. /kloc-at the age of 0/5, smart and studious Jin entered Morehouse College with excellent results to study sociology, and then obtained a bachelor's degree in literature.

Although the American economy developed rapidly after the war, its strong political and military strength made it the top spot in the "free world" alliance. But black people in China are discriminated and oppressed economically and politically. Facing the ugly reality, King decided to be a priest for social equality and justice. He studied at Kraze Theological Seminary and Boston University successively. After receiving his doctorate in theology at 1955, he went to work as a pastor at Dex Christian Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama.

195565438+February, Montgomery Festival, the police arrested Rosa parks, a black woman, for violating the bus seat segregation regulations. Jin Sui and several black activists organized Montgomery Municipal Improvement Association, calling on nearly 50,000 blacks in the city to boycott public laws and companies 1 year, forcing the court to decide to cancel the seat segregation on local transportation. This is the first time that the black people in the southern United States won the struggle by their own strength, which opened the prelude to the civil rights movement that lasted for more than 10 years, and also made Dr. King the leader of the civil rights movement.

1On April 4th, 968, Kim was assassinated by a racist.

The United States government stipulates that the third Monday in June of 1 is Martin Luther King Memorial Day, starting from 1986. ..

On Non-violence Advocacy

Martin Luther King, who grew up with racism, was deeply hurt by racism, so he actively participated in the struggle against apartheid. But what he advocated was non-violent struggle, which really had ideological reasons. He was deeply influenced by Gandhi and Christianity and was a typical pacifist. He stressed that in the struggle for freedom and equal rights for blacks, we should not do illegal things, and we should not let "creative protests degenerate into violent acts", but must have the lofty realm of "using spiritual strength to deal with force". In his view, the spiritual strength here is to influence black enemies with "fraternity" and "kindness" advocated by Christianity to make them put down their butcher knives.

The reason why Jin has this idea is directly related to his study in his youth. When he was studying at crozet College in Pennsylvania, he used his spare time to read famous theological works-books written by people about faith, and philosophical works-books about lifestyle. They were deeply impressed by the ideas in these books and finally put them into practice. But what excites Martin Luther King most is the thought of Mahatma Gandhi. Gandhi's non-violence, or the philosophy of spiritual power, is the spiritual pillar for the Indian people to resist the political and military forces of British imperialism. The Indian people have been holding demonstrations against foreign political rule, regardless of whether such rule is well-intentioned or not. Whether right or wrong, they have to make their own decisions.

Gandhi said that although they must be prepared to sacrifice their lives for independence, they must never kill for it-no matter how rudely they are treated.

Martin began to believe that victory could be achieved in India as well as in the United States. He led a large-scale civil rights movement based on the principle of non-violence with his own actions.

The bronze statue of Martin Luther King.

100 years ago, a great American signed the Emancipation Declaration, and today we are gathered in front of his statue. This solemn declaration, like the light of a lighthouse, brought hope to millions of black slaves who suffered in the unjust fire that destroyed their lives. It is like a happy dawn, ending the long night that binds the black people.

However, today, after 100 years, we must face up to the tragic fact that black people are not yet free. /kloc-today, 0/00 years later, under the shackles of apartheid and racial discrimination, the life of black people has been squeezed. /kloc-today, 0/00 years later, blacks still live on a poor island in a rich ocean. /kloc-today, 0/00 years later, the black people are still in the corner of American society and realize that they are exiles in their homeland. We are gathered here today to make public this appalling situation.

In a sense, we are gathered in our capital today to demand the fulfillment of our commitments. When the founders of our country drafted the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they made a promise to every American, and they promised to give all people the inalienable rights to life, freedom and the pursuit of happiness.

As far as colored citizens are concerned, the United States has obviously failed to fulfill its promise. Instead of fulfilling this sacred obligation, the United States has given black people a bad check, marked "insufficient funds" and then returned it. But we don't believe that the bank of justice has gone bankrupt, and we don't believe that there are not enough reserves in the huge pool of opportunities in this country. So today we ask to cash a check-this check will give us a valuable guarantee of freedom and justice.

We have also come to this holy place to remind America that this is a very urgent moment. Now is definitely not the time to talk about calm or taking gradual sedatives. Now is the time to realize the promise of democracy. It is time to climb the bright road of racial equality from the desolate and dark valley of apartheid, to open the door of opportunity to all children of God, and to save our country from the quicksand of racial inequality and put it on the rock of brotherhood.

If the United States ignores the urgency of time and underestimates the determination of blacks, it will be fatal to the United States. If the bright autumn of freedom and equality does not come, the heat of black anger will not pass. 1963 does not mean the end of the struggle, but the beginning. Some people hope that black people can be satisfied as long as they vent their anger; If the country is calm and unresponsive, these people will be disappointed. Without the civil rights of black people, there will be no peace and tranquility in America. Before the day of justice comes, the whirlwind of rebellion will continue to shake the foundation of this country.

But for those who are waiting anxiously at the gate of the Palace of Justice, I have something to say. In the process of striving for legal status, we should not adopt the wrong method. We should not drink the wine of hostility and hatred to satisfy our desire for freedom. When fighting, we must always behave appropriately and observe discipline. We can't let our new protest turn into violence. We should constantly sublimate to the lofty realm of dealing with material forces with spiritual strength.

Now black society is full of great new fighting spirit, but it can't trust all white people. Because many of our white brothers have realized that their destiny is closely linked with ours, as evidenced by their participation in the parade and rally today. Their freedom is closely related to our freedom. We can't act alone.

When we take action, we must ensure progress. We can't go backwards. Now people who are enthusiastic about the civil rights movement are asked, "When will you be satisfied?"

We will never be satisfied as long as the black people are still persecuted by the police with indescribable cruelty.

As long as our tired bodies can't find motels beside highways and hotels in cities, we will never be satisfied.

As long as the basic activities of black people are only transferred from small slums where ethnic minorities live to large slums, we will never be satisfied.

As long as there is a black man in Mississippi who can't take part in the election, and as long as there is a black man in new york who thinks that voting is useless, we will never be satisfied.

Don't! We are not satisfied now and will not be satisfied in the future, unless justice and fairness are like the waves of rivers and seas, surging and rolling in.

It's not that I haven't noticed that some people attending today's rally are suffering from torture, some have just stepped out of small cells, and some have been madly persecuted in their places of residence because of their pursuit of freedom. They are teetering in the whirlwind of police brutality. You are a long-term victim of human suffering. Stick to it and firmly believe that it is a kind of atonement to endure the pain that you should not bear.

Let's go back to Mississippi, back to Alabama, back to South Carolina, back to Georgia, back to Louisiana, back to the slums and ethnic minority areas of our northern cities, knowing that this situation can and will change. Let's not fall into despair.

My friends, I tell you today that at this moment, despite all kinds of difficulties and setbacks, I still have a dream, which is deeply rooted in the American dream.

I have a dream that one day this country will stand up and truly realize the true meaning of its founding creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, and all men are created equal."

I have a dream that one day on the red hill in Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners can sit down together and talk about brotherhood.

I have a dream that one day, even Mississippi, where justice is hidden and oppression is rampant, will become an oasis of freedom and justice.

I have a dream that one day my four children will live in a country where they will be judged not by the color of their skin but by their character.

I have a dream today. I have a dream that one day, Alabama will be changed. Although the governor of Alabama is still full of objections and objections to federal laws, one day, black boys and girls there will be able to go hand in hand with white boys and girls.

1964 65438+ 10, President Johnson met with Martin Luther King (first from left), Whitney Young (second from right) and James Farmer (first from right), leaders of African-American civil rights movement in the White House office.

I have a dream today.

I have a dream that one day, the valley will rise and the mountains will fall; The bumpy road is smooth, and the light is exposed, shining all over the world.

This is our hope. I returned to the south with this belief. With this belief, we can hew out a stone of hope from the mountain of despair. With this belief, we can turn the harsh quarrel in this country into a beautiful symphony full of brotherhood.

With this belief, we can work together, pray together, fight together, go to jail together and safeguard freedom together; Because we know that one day, we will be free.

On the day when freedom comes, all the children of God will sing this song with a new meaning: "My motherland, beautiful king of thailand, I am song for you. You are the place where your father died. You are the pride of the original immigrants. Let freedom ring from every mountainside. "

This dream must come true if America is to be a great country. Let freedom ring from the mountains of New Hampshire! Let freedom ring from the mountains of new york! "

Let freedom ring from the snow-covered Rockies in Colorado! Let confession ring from the winding peaks of California! Not only that, but let freedom ring from the stone ridges of Georgia! Let freedom ring from lookout mountain in Tennessee!

Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi Let freedom ring from every mountainside.

When we let freedom ring from every village, every state and every city, we will be able to speed up the arrival of this day. On that day, all the children of God, blacks and whites, Jews and Gentiles, Christians and Catholics, will join hands to sing an old black soul song: "Freedom at last! Free at last! Thanks to Almighty God, we are finally free! "