Why did the Zhou Dynasty use the state-sealing system? When was the national system established?

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In the 1 1 century BC, the surname of Ji in the Western Shang Dynasty gradually became stronger. Finally, Ji Fa, the son of Ji Chang, the patriarch, combined with small and medium-sized tribes nearby to attack businessmen, seized the capital of Shang Dynasty and established the Zhou Dynasty. As soon as it was established on Monday, a large-scale "state closure" began.

China's feudal concept began in the Western Zhou Dynasty. The essence of feudalism is to give fiefs to clans, that is, to establish a large number of vassal States managed by special surnames throughout the country. Sixteen brothers, including Cai, Cao, Huo, Mao and Bi, established the country and governed the people.

Zhou Gongdan, the brother of King Wu, and several sons of Zhou Chengwang, the third brother, later acquired this fief. In addition, 40 nobles with the same surname and some important people with different surnames who made meritorious service with him also had their own fiefs.

In order to pacify the people and consolidate the rule, the Shang Dynasty was named Brother Wei, and the Song State was established. Hu Gongman, a descendant of Yu Shun, was named Chen and surnamed Jane. Later generations, Qiu Yong sealed the East Building and made slaves his surname: Shennong succeeded to make friends and established Jiang's diplomatic relations. The Zhou Dynasty successively established 7 1 new territories, which were called "7 1 country", covering almost all the areas ruled at that time.

Although most of these princes were descendants of Ji's surname, they established their own ancestral halls after the seal. Their descendants took the country name as their surname and often became the ancestors of new surnames.

According to the system of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the governors of all countries were granted by the King of Zhou, and so were they in their own countries. Gave them children and ministers, gave them territory, and made them second-class "surnames." Some take titles and official positions as surnames, some take their fathers' names as surnames, and many Qing Dafu take their own names as surnames, such as Feng, Liu, Bai, Cui, Lu, Bao, Nie, Fei and Fan.

And these great doctors can also have new families. That's it; Surnames in China have suddenly increased. The essence of this large-scale feudal system in the early Western Zhou Dynasty was that Ji ruled the newly occupied vast areas, established effective management forms, colonized and immigrated to the newly developed primitive areas or tribes, and spread cultural influence.

At the same time, it also consciously rebuilt and allocated a large area of land for the declining tribes, and made them maintain the "sacrifice" of their ancestors, consolidate and stabilize their own clans, and show the favor of the emperor.

The extinct family was recognized and respected by the Emperor of Heaven, regained political and economic rights, stepped onto the political stage, reduced the unstable factors of the Zhou Dynasty, and became the ruling force of the Zhou Dynasty. Through these measures, the Zhou Dynasty established its own overall ruling mode. After feudalism in the early Zhou Dynasty, it lasted for seven or eight hundred years. There is basically no national enfeoffment system, which fully proves that a relatively stable ruling framework has been established since feudalism in the early Zhou Dynasty.

Under this basic ruling framework, the Zhou Dynasty gradually established and improved a set of family name-centered behavior norms and systems, such as inheritance, interpersonal ethics, social class and so on, which is Zhou Li. Its core is the establishment of enfeoffment system and inheritance system. The Zhou Dynasty stipulated that emperors should be called by their surnames, not by their surnames. The so-called "land where the world is not the king of England" does not need to divide the specific interests according to the "surname", but has the right to seal the country, and the princes also have the right to give their surnames to Qing Dafu in their own fiefs, and Qing Dafu gives his surnames to future generations in his own fiefs, thus forming a ruling network extending layer by layer.

At the same time, the Zhou Dynasty inherited and perfected the boss.

This is true of nobles of all sizes. Under this system, the Fischer family is divided into large and small clans. Except for the eldest son, every time Enze was demoted, he was finally unsealed and became a civilian. This is the so-called "honor of a gentleman, new after five generations."