The history of Japanese rule in Taiwan Province Province.

In Taiwan Province Province during the Qing Dynasty.

1895, the Sino-Japanese War broke out and China was defeated. The Japanese forced Taiwan Province Province, and China had to be ceded to the other side. From then on, the Japanese occupied Taiwan Province Province for 50 years. The Japanese built Taiwan Province Province into a grain supply base and an outpost to the Pacific Ocean. Japan's 50-year rule has just stepped into Taiwan Province Province, which was led by the Qing Dynasty in modern times, and developed into a colony almost completely assimilated by Japan. Japanese rule over Taiwan Province Province was only a quarter of that of Taiwan Province Province in Qing Dynasty. However, the Japanese brand in Taiwan Province Province is very deep.

Looking back, during the 200 years of the Qing Dynasty, the Qing government took over the island of Taiwan Province Province from the Zheng regime. When Taiwan Province Province was ruled by the Qing Dynasty, officials thought serving in Taiwan Province was a daunting task and did not want to stay long. Wave after wave of immigrants entered Taiwan Province Province, from south to north, transforming Taiwan Province Province into a reclamation area for Fujian, Guangdong and Han people.

Most people in Taiwan Province Province moved from Fujian and Guangdong to Taiwan Province Province, and their cultural heritage was not rich. The upper and lower classes in Taiwan Province Province have not made great efforts in cultural development; What's left is that there are some foundations of China culture in folk religions and opera songs, which are passed on to the people through rituals of faith, operas and storytelling.

In the early days of Japanese occupation of Taiwan Province Province, the resistance of the government and the people.

When the Japanese occupied Taiwan Province Province, the officials and people of Taiwan Province Province resisted for a very short time. Many rich people have crossed the mainland, and some famous scholars in some places have also left and returned to their hometown in Fujian. The original thin upper-class cultural soil in Taiwan Province Province has been lost. On this basis, the Japanese assimilated the people of Taiwan Province Province with modern education and economic construction, which was actually equivalent to building a tower on the vacant land, and it didn't take much time to eradicate the original building.

However, at least in the early days, Taiwan Province's resistance to Japanese colonists was fierce. At least 50,000 or 60,000 people died in Taiwan Province Province during the Sino-Japanese War, and the Japanese army lost more than 10,000 people.

In addition to formal resistance, many Japanese police use coercive means to arrest elements they think are unreliable at any time. For example, Shinhei Goto (1857- 1929) was appointed as the civil affairs director of Taiwan Province Province after the Sino-Japanese War, acting as the Taiwanese governor. Because of its brutal rule over China, Taiwan Province Province and Northeast China, it is one of the chief culprits of Japanese aggression against China. On 1898, this famous figure issued a criminal punishment order against bandits, and punished all Taiwan Province people who they thought were unreliable as bandits, massacred collectively, and sometimes hundreds of people gathered together, strafed with machine guns and executed collectively. This horrible rule also has a strong deterrent effect, making Japanese people afraid to have anti-Taiwan Province thoughts.

When Japan occupied Taiwan Province Province for the first time, many Japanese politicians thought that this tropical island with epidemic diseases was not suitable for Japanese to live in. Some people even suggested that why not sell Taiwan Province Province to western countries and earn a sum of cash? However, some people think that Taiwan Province Province should be built into a supplier of Japanese food and industrial raw materials. Goto Xinping and his gang were the people who implemented the second option, and built Taiwan Province Province into a colony that supplied rice, sugar, fruits, vegetables, construction wood, sulfur and camphor to Japan. Japan's own farmers were liberated from farmland and transformed into a huge army built by Japan, providing a large amount of labor needed for Japan's industrialization. Therefore, in terms of colonial function, the construction of Taiwan Province Island made an unparalleled contribution to Japan's promotion to an industrialized country after Meiji and Taisho era (19 12- 1926 under the Japanese emperor Taisho).

Japanese Agricultural Construction and "National Education" in Taiwan Province Province

Economically, in the construction of Taiwan Province Province, the Japanese attempted to carry out the first agricultural revolution in Asia, and planned to use chemical fertilizers, cultivate new varieties, plan irrigation and other projects. They set up a new type of sugar factory to replace the traditional method of making sugar operated by cattle and manpower. Several sugar companies owned by the Japanese widely grow sugar cane, squeeze sugar and sell it all over the world. Among the agricultural processed products exported by Taiwan Province Province, the income from sugar accounts for the bulk. All these constructions have benefited the people of Taiwan Province Province. However, many of these measures are experimental in Taiwan Province Province. Once mistakes are made, the people of Taiwan Province Province will be the first to suffer big losses. For example, the Japanese authorities promoted a new rice variety with high yield, but it could not resist the wind. The whole island of Taiwan Province Province was ordered to plant this variety. A typhoon, the whole Taiwan failed to harvest particles, and the people lost a lot.

The implementation of modern agricultural production in Taiwan Province Province has improved both in quality and quantity, and these constructions have brought great changes to rural society. Outside the sugar factory, because there is a sugar factory as the center, part of urban culture is brought into the countryside, and the living standard in the countryside is improved. Wushantou Reservoir on Jian 'an Plain is a large-scale water conservancy system designed by Japanese engineer Hatta Yoichi. During the Japanese occupation, the whole island of Taiwan Province Province was gradually electrified, the longitudinal railway was built, and the ports of Kaohsiung and Keelung were opened-all these had a long-term impact. Japanese agricultural population moved to the east of Taiwan Province Province, and there was almost no construction in the east of Taiwan Province Province, so it also made considerable achievements.

In terms of education, Japan implements "national education", and every child has to receive six years of basic education. In terms of health, Japan has set up a health police to comprehensively supervise people's concern about public health in their daily lives. Strict public health policies make the living environment of ordinary people clean and healthy. Japan implements a modern medical system, and the Medical College of Imperial University in Taipei has trained many doctors in this province.

The Japanese colonial authorities applied the laws they had just learned from the West to Taiwan Province Province, not the traditional laws of China. At that time, the authority of criminal police was almost absolute. Although Japanese punishment in Taiwan Province Province is severe, there are basically laws to follow.

Many of these constructions were gradually carried out by Goto Xinping and his successors, several literati governors and civil servants after the Japanese occupied Taiwan Province Province. They want to establish a model colony in Taiwan Province province. Compared with Japan's military rule in Korea, Japan's colonial rule in Taiwan Province Province took a completely different way.

On this basis, Japan brought modern cultural knowledge and modern life style, which laid a layer of modern world civilization for Taiwan Province Province transplanted from the west to Taiwan Province Province via Japan. Needless to say, because Taiwan Province Province is only the cultural frontier of Japan, although all aspects of cultural resources are taken from Japan, it is inevitable that the level of culture in Taiwan Province Province is lacking, and there is almost no room for innovation.

The people of Taiwan Province Province have been second-class citizens for fifty years.

After all, Taiwan Province Province was treated as a colony by Japan, and the people of Taiwan Province Province were only second-class citizens of the Japanese Empire. The Japanese have the right to vote at home, but Japan has never given the people of Taiwan Province Province a democratic system. Not only are officials sent from outside, but there is no truly elected parliament in Taiwan Province Province. Not all the representatives of some grass-roots administrative units are elected, and more than half are appointed by the government. Some elites in Taiwan Province Province are the targets of Japanese wooing. In the past, there was a "gentry's chapter system" in Taiwan Province Province, and the colonial authorities awarded badges to local leaders in recognition of their social status. In this way, the Japanese won the support of many local leaders in Taiwan Province Province.

However, there are some restrictions on Japanese training for local people in Taiwan Province Province. Imperial University of Taipei is mainly for Japanese in Taiwan Province. Most people in Taiwan Province Province choose lawyers and doctors. Civil servants, judges, senior technicians and managers are all Japanese. The Japanese colonial authorities did not encourage the people of Taiwan Province Province to enter the real social leadership. For example, the colonial authorities only allowed Japanese companies to operate large sugar factories. Sugar factories really contribute to the improvement of economic production capacity in Taiwan Province Province. However, for rural areas around them, they monopolize farmers' right to choose crops and the distribution of local transportation and other resources.

At that time, the Japanese sugar factory was not only a production unit, but also had the functions of control and management. This kind of enterprise will not be run by Taiwan Province people. The technicians and managers of sugar factories are all Japanese, while people in Taiwan Province Province are just grass-roots workers.

Only the local transportation and agricultural products processing enterprises, such as transportation, storage, rice milling and milling, can be developed in Taiwan Province Province. Other important enterprises, the Japanese won't let Taiwan Province people run. At Imperial University in Taipei, there are few professors in Taiwan Province Province, and most of them are Japanese scholars. Therefore, academically, Taiwan Province compatriots did not have the opportunity to lead the cultural construction in Taiwan Province Province, nor did they lead the public opinion in Taiwan Province Province.

Taiwan Province people's efforts for equality.

Compatriots in Taiwan Province Province have also made great efforts and resisted the struggle for equality of identity and rights.

19 13 "Miaoli Incident" led by Luo Fuxing (collectively referred to as Luo Fuxing Incident, Tainan Guandi Incident, Taichung East Shijiao Incident, Hsinchu Incident and Nantou Incident), these five incidents were 19 12 and19/kloc respectively. After the Japanese suppressed these five anti-Japanese incidents, they merged and dealt with them, which was called "Miaoli Incident". In 19 15, the "Xilaian incident" (also known as "Yu incident" and "Baba gang war") took place in 1965438.

In addition to these two large-scale civil uprisings, in 1930, the "Five Societies Incident" occurred among the indigenous tribes (referring to the Five Societies in Taiwan Province Province on June 27th, 930, that is, the Gaoshan people in the villages of Mahpo, Boralun, Hege, Tarot Bay, Rodov and Siku in Nantou. Uprising fighters wiped out more than 100 Japanese military police, killed several Japanese women and children, occupied the Fifth Society for three days, and then moved to the deep mountains under the suppression of the Japanese army and the attack of the enemy. They continued to fight for two months, and finally failed under the joint suppression of the Japanese colonial authorities' army, air force and a large number of armed police. The Japanese army suppressed the aborigines without modern weapons with artillery and poison gas.

Participants in the Five Societies Uprising

The people of Taiwan Province Province not only fought for their due rights through armed uprising, but also through parliamentary policies and public opinion propaganda, so as to obtain fair treatment. The Taiwan Cultural Association is an example. They once tried to win the right to participate in politics for Taiwan Province compatriots by petitioning. They also tried to publish their own newspapers and even organized political parties, such as the People's Party, hoping to follow the routine of the modern national democratic movement and strive for the right to participate in politics. In the 1920s, there were no fewer civil rights petitions in Taiwan Province province 15. However, all these efforts failed. After all, the Japanese did not give the people of Taiwan Province a reasonable equal status.

After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 and the Pacific War broke out, Japan further strengthened its control over Taiwan Province Province, and finally all efforts to strive for political equality and cultural autonomy of the people in Taiwan Province Province by peaceful means were dashed.

Japanese "Imperial Movement" in Taiwan Province Province

After 50 years of Japanese rule, the "Imperial People Movement" was launched in the second half of the year. Taiwan Province compatriots who are willing to accept Japanese culture must only use Japanese in their daily life. The authorities asked them to adopt a new Japanese surname and give up their original China name. "Imperial people" must abandon China's ancestor worship ceremony and convert to Shintoism in the shrine.

In the Japanese invasion of China, the Japanese did not dare to fight with the people of Taiwan Province Province. But on the Pacific battlefield, the Japanese recruited a large number of people from Taiwan Province Province to join the army. At first, Taiwan Province soldiers who served as auxiliary soldiers were not real Japanese soldiers. Later, the number of soldiers became more and more insufficient, and people from Taiwan Province Province who joined the army were incorporated into the Japanese army.

At the beginning of Japanese occupation of Taiwan Province Province, compatriots in Taiwan Province Province gathered in the square of the temple to listen to the ancient events in China, watch folk Taiwanese operas and appreciate the stories of joys and sorrows in China culture. Folk entertainment has been widely spread in Taiwan Province Province and southern Fujian Province through Nanguan (Nanguan refers to China Fujian Nanyin, an ancient music category in China) and Beiguan (17-20th century). Beiguan, named after the musical elements of northern China and Putonghua, and Nanguan, which uses the musical elements of southern China, echo each other and miss the life in their hometown.

Under Japanese rule, some scholars in Taiwan Province Province organized poetry clubs, borrowed ancient poems and tried their best to preserve the traditional writing and language. China's "study" (another name for private schools) is a place to learn culture. When Japan promotes universal education, learning and school education can still complement each other. All these efforts show that in the first half of 50 years of Japanese rule over Taiwan Province Province, compatriots in Taiwan Province Province are still trying their best to maintain the lifeline of traditional culture.

In the late Pacific War, some compatriots in Taiwan Province Province fought in Nanyang, and their bones were buried in a foreign land, and they could never return home. Many young people were recruited to Japan to participate in Japan's national defense production. Even children aged 15 and 16 have been recruited to work in Japanese aircraft factories to supplement the labor shortage in Japan. During the war, the US military bombed Taiwan Province Province, and the railways, highways, ports and various factories and facilities in Taiwan Province Province were severely damaged. At that time, Japan was short of food, and compatriots in Taiwan Province Province could only eat half of the food rationed by the Japanese at most.

There's a blessing and a curse, right?