Qian Xuesen case

Qian Xuesen (1911.12.1~ till now) is a famous physicist in China and a world-famous rocket expert. Hangzhou, Zhejiang, born in Shanghai, Han nationality,1joined the China * * * production party in August 1959, with a doctorate, and was known as the "father of Chinese missiles". 1934 graduated from department of mechanical engineering (now part of the predecessor of the School of Mechanical Engineering of Xi 'an Jiaotong University), and 1934 studied at MIT and California Institute of Technology. 1935 went to the United States to study aviation engineering and aerodynamics. 1938 received a doctorate from California Institute of Technology. Later, he studied in the United States as a lecturer, associate professor, professor, director of supersonic laboratory and director of Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Research Center, engaged in rocket research. 1950, we began to strive for the return to the motherland. At that time, kimble, a senior general of the US Navy, said, "Qian Xuesen is worth five divisions wherever he goes. I would rather kill him in America than let him leave. " Therefore, Qian Xuesen was persecuted by the American government and lost his freedom. 1955 It took five years to return to the motherland. 1955 10 after breaking through various obstacles and returning to China, he joined the China * * * production party on 1959. He used to be the director of the Institute of Mechanics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the deputy director of the Seventh Ministry of Machinery Industry and the deputy director of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense. He is currently the honorary chairman of China Association for Science and Technology. Qian Xuesen put forward an extremely important implementation plan for the development of rocket and missile technology in China. From April 65438 to April 0958, he served as a technical leader in the development of rockets, missiles and spacecraft for a long time, making great contributions to the development of rockets, missiles and aerospace in China. Qian Xuesen used to be vice chairman of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, member of the Department of Mathematics and Physics of China Academy of Sciences, honorary chairman of China Aerospace Society and chairman of China Association for Science and Technology. 199 1 In June, the State Council and the Central Military Commission awarded Qian Xuesen the honorary title of "National Outstanding Contribution Scientist" and the first-class hero model medal. On the morning of June, in the vast Pacific Ocean, a huge ship is sailing for Hong Kong. A middle-aged man in his forties walked onto the deck with steady steps. The sea breeze swept over his broad forehead from time to time. Looking at the water and sky in the distance, he has been sailing at sea 15 days. Thinking that the motherland is just around the corner, how he hopes that it is not the deck of the ship, but the bulkhead of the rocket! He is the world-famous scientist Qian Xuesen. Qian Xuesen 1934 graduated from Jiaotong University, and later went to the United States to study under the famous American aerodynamics professor von Carmen, becoming the most proud student and the most effective assistant of Professor von Carmen. However, Qian Xuesen enjoys generous treatment, generous job and superior working conditions. However, he never forgot his motherland for a moment. He said, "I'm from China. Everything I am doing now is to make preparations so that I can do more things for the people after I return to my motherland. " 1 9491June1,and the new China was born with a rumbling salute. On this year's Mid-Autumn Festival night, Qian Xuesen and a dozen international students from China celebrated the traditional festivals of the Chinese nation. As the saying goes, "I miss my relatives twice every holiday." While enjoying the moon, they poured out their homesickness. Mid-Autumn Festival every year. Now it's Mid-Autumn Festival. On the first Mid-Autumn Festival after the birth of New China, they were very excited to talk about the bright future of their motherland. At this moment, Qian Xuesen's long-cherished wish is getting stronger and stronger: to return to the motherland as soon as possible and use his expertise to serve the construction of the motherland. He confided his heart to international students. Some overseas students advised: "The motherland has just been liberated, and we need money but no money, and we need equipment and no equipment. I'm afraid it's difficult for us to go back to scientific research now. " Qian Xuesen sincerely said: "What we are looking forward to day and night is that the motherland can move from darkness to light, and this day has finally arrived. The motherland is poor now, but it needs all of us-the sons and daughters of the motherland to create together. We should go back. " It is said that Qian Xuesen is going to return to China. A senior general of the US Navy said, "Qian Xuesen is worth five divisions wherever he goes. Never let him leave the United States! " However, Qian Xuesen's determination to return to China has not wavered for a moment. After a long wait of five years, under the care of Premier Zhou Enlai, Qian Xuesen finally set foot on the voyage back to China on September 1955. After returning to China, Qian Xuesen made outstanding contributions to the development and launch of launch vehicles and missiles in China, and was known as the "father of Chinese missiles". Achievements Qian Xuesen served as the technical director of China's rocket and space program for a long time, and made great pioneering contributions in space technology, system science and system engineering. Qian Xuesen published 7 monographs and more than 300 papers. The main contributions are as follows: ① Applied Mechanics Qian Xuesen has done pioneering work in aerodynamics and solid mechanics of applied mechanics. The research on compressible boundary layer carried out in cooperation with von Carmen reveals some temperature changes in this field, and the Carmen-Qian Xuesen method is established. In cooperation with Guo Yonghuai, the concept of upper and lower critical Mach numbers is introduced into transonic flow for the first time. (2) Jet Propulsion and Aerospace Technology From the 1940s to the early 1960s, Qian Xuesen put forward some important concepts in the field of rockets and aerospace: in the 1940s, he put forward and realized the JATO, which shortened the runway distance; 1949, put forward the concept of rocket passenger plane and the idea of nuclear rocket; 1953 studied the possibility of interplanetary flight theory. In "Introduction to Interstellar Navigation" published by 1962, the concept of a round-trip transportation system between heaven and earth is put forward, in which a large aircraft equipped with a jet engine is the first-stage vehicle and an aircraft equipped with a rocket engine is the second-stage vehicle. (3) Engineering Cybernetics In the process of its formation, the engineering practice of designing stability and guidance systems is the main research object. Qian Xuesen himself is the pioneer of this kind of research work. . . .