The Historical Evolution of Taoyuan

The early cultural activities in Taoyuan City are "Dayuan Jianshan Site" with a history of more than 2,700 years ago, and the cultural type belongs to Yuanshan culture in the late Neolithic period.

In the early days, it was mainly the residence of Pingpu people, Kaidagelan people and Dakas people. There are four tribes living in the present Taoyuan City: Nanlang, Xiaoli, Guilun and Hekengzai. These four tribes are often called Nanlang Four Societies. Besides Pingpu people, Atayal people also lived in Taoyuan City at that time. Because there was no large-scale development in Taoyuan area during He Zhi, Ming and Zheng Dynasties, Taoyuan area was still a place where aborigines lived and gathered in Qing Dynasty and Yongzheng Period. At that time, Taoyuan, a vast grassland wasteland, was called "Tiger Maozhuang", which means "Grass is like a tiger that harms people". The earliest official record of land reclamation in Taoyuan area is 17 13 (52nd year of Kangxi), and large-scale land reclamation began at 1737 (2nd year of Qianlong). Xue Qilong, a Hakka immigrant from Guangdong, led many Tainan people to reclaim the Taoyuan area, starting from Guilunling (Guishan) in the east and reaching Zhangzaijiao in the west. Later, some immigrants planted peach trees here. When the peach blossoms were in full bloom, the sea of flowers was like clouds, so it was renamed "Taoyuan", which is the origin of the name of Taoyuan City. As the development of Taoyuan is an extension of reclamation in Taipei Basin, the development of Taoyuan area shows a trend from north to south.

After a large number of immigrants from Chinese mainland began to move in, Fujian people mostly gathered in Taoyuan District and nearby coastal areas, while Cantonese people gathered in inland areas such as Zhongli, Pingzhen, Yangmei, Longtan, Guanyin and Orfila. This phenomenon of separation by place of origin is clearly divided. Due to the complexity of clan system and the fact that northern Taiwan Province was regarded as the frontier in the early Qing Dynasty, there were frequent struggles between Fujian and Guangdong and Zhang Quan in Taoyuan, and the relationship was very complicated. During the Qianlong period, Taoyuan area has gradually developed into two major settlements, namely Taoyuan and Jianzaige (now Zhongge). After the Qing government merged the two settlements, each took a word to form a castle name, hence the name "Tao Jianbao". During the Japanese occupation period, the street view of Taoyuan District was located in Taoyuan Shrine (now Taoyuan Martyrs Shrine), a relic of Japanese occupation in Taoyuan District.

1894, the Sino-Japanese War broke out between the Qing Dynasty and Japan. 1895, the Qing Dynasty was defeated, and the treaty of shimonoseki was signed with Japan, ceding the whole island of Taiwan Province Province and the Penghu Islands to Japan, and Taiwan Province Province immediately entered the period of Japanese rule. In the early days of Japanese occupation, the administrative divisions of Taiwan Province Province changed quite frequently. From 1895 to 190 1, Taoyuan belongs to Taipei County. 190 1 year (Meiji 34), Taiwan Province Province was divided into 20 halls, most of which belonged to Taoziyuan Hall, and there were 6 halls under its jurisdiction, including Otani Garden, Sanjiaoyong Garden, Daqiu Garden, Yangmeige, Kimchi Boron and Zhongli. 1909 (Meiji 42), the 20th Hall of Taiwan Province was merged into 12 Hall, but the jurisdiction of Taoyuan Hall remained unchanged.

1920 (in the ninth year of Taisho), the Governor's Office of Taiwan Province Province promulgated the state system of Taiwan Province Province (No.3 in the ninth year of Taisho), the city system of Taiwan (No.5 in the ninth year of Taisho) and the street system of Taiwan Province Province (No.6 in the ninth year of Taisho), adjusted the administrative divisions and reorganized the ten halls in western Taiwan into five states (Taipei). Most of Taoyuan City is a continuous hilly platform with a long and narrow terrain from northwest to southeast, facing the mountains and the sea. Starting from Shimen Reservoir and passing through Dahanxi, the northeast exit of Daxi District, Taoyuan City is divided into southeast and northwest parts. The southeast is divided into hills, terraces and mountains with an altitude of more than 300 meters. The terrain gradually rises to the southeast, with steep mountains and narrow valleys. The northwest is relatively flat, with well-developed platforms and terraces, and short rivers that radiate into the sea.

Due to the relationship between topography and geology, the most important geographical feature of Taoyuan terraces is that there are artificial ponds for farmland irrigation. 1963 When Shimen Reservoir was completed, there were 8,845 artificial ponds, which won the reputation of "the hometown of Qiantang". Where there are ponds, there are settlements, water storage and irrigation, fish farming and leisure, and even feng shui landscapes. Therefore, in the past, agriculture, fishery and animal husbandry in Taoyuan were prosperous and rich in products. Even now, many important buildings in Taoyuan are built on the pond, which has created the "pond culture" in Taoyuan. Generally, "platform gravel layer" is often used to refer to the gravel layer that constitutes each platform of Taoyuan Platform. Some scholars call it "red soil platform accumulation layer". These laterite gravel layers are often subdivided into different strata, namely Dianzihu layer, Zhongli layer and Taoyuan layer. There is little difference in lithology between these strata, which are mainly composed of gravel layer in the lower part and red soil layer in the upper part. Gravels are mainly white quartzite, dark gray siliceous sandstone and light gray sandstone.

As for faults, the faults in Taoyuan City are all distributed in the hilly areas in the eastern half, and there are no faults in the densely populated plain areas in the western half. There are more than 20 rivers in Taoyuan City, but except Dahanxi, the rest are small rivers that cut off various platforms. These rivers have short flow paths, little water and low shipping value, among which Laojie River is the longest and Nanzhang River is the largest.

The coast of Taoyuan City starts from the vicinity of Hu Hai Lake in Luzhu District in the north and reaches Shell Port in Wuxin District in the southwest, showing a northeast-southwest-west trend, with a slight outward convex arc and little twists and turns. There are only concave estuaries or lagoons near the estuaries, lacking natural harbors. The breakwaters of Zhu Wei Fishing Port and Yong 'an Fishing Port, the two major fishing ports in the city, are artificially built.

Taoyuan Town was an important water conservancy project during the Japanese occupation of Taiwan Province. 1924 was completed, and the irrigation area covered many administrative districts in Taoyuan City. Shimen Town/KLOC-0 was completed in June, 964. Shimen Reservoir, located at the junction of Longtan District, Daxi District and Fuxing District in Taoyuan City, is the first multi-functional reservoir in Taiwan Province Province, which can provide irrigation, water supply, power generation, flood control and other functions in the big Taoyuan area. Taoyuan City has a subtropical monsoon climate except the southeast mountainous area.

The climate of Taoyuan City is most influenced by northeast monsoon and southwest monsoon. The northeast monsoon starts from the end of 10 and ends in March of the following year, with strong wind and low temperature. The southwest monsoon starts from May to September, with weak winds and sunny weather, but there are many thunderstorms in the afternoon, especially typhoons from July to September.

The annual rainfall is 1, 500-2,000mm (2,000mm-4,000mm in mountainous areas), which is more in summer and less in winter, but there are more rainy days in winter. The annual average temperature is about 23 degrees Celsius, 29 degrees in summer, 16 degrees in winter, and the annual average humidity is about 89 degrees. The average climatic data of Taoyuan City (1986 to 20 12) are 1 February, March, May, June, August, September, 1 1 October, 1 February. 15.8(60.4) 17.7(63.9)2 1.5(70.7)24.6(76.3)27.3(8 1. 1)29.2(84.6)29.0(84.2)27.0(80.6)24. 1(75.4)2 1 8.4(8.598)275.9( 10.862) 104.5(4. 1 14) 145.8(5.74) 193.5(7.6 18)99.5(3.9 17)998+02.5 1 2.911.814.813.8174.8 In 2002, the Agriculture Committee of the Executive Yuan investigated six kinds of wild animals in Taoyuan City. Results There were 36 species of mammals, 37 species of birds 167, 37 species of reptiles, 25 species of amphibians, 47 species of freshwater fish and 0/43 species of butterflies.

There are many kinds of animals and plants in the mountainous areas of Taoyuan City, among which Daguanshan Nature Reserve, established in 1986, belongs to the state-owned forest nature reserve. There are many tree species in the nature reserve, including Sabina vulgaris, maple, beech, broad-leaved mixed forest, natural forest, etc. Among them, 22 Shenmu trees, ranging in age from 500 to 3,000 years, have attracted much attention. In terms of wildlife, Taiwan Province's black bear, macaque, emperor pheasant and water deer have been listed as national protected species. Some mountainous areas are also inserted into Tianshan Nature Reserve and the important habitat environment of orchid wildlife.

In the coastal part, the algae reef topography along the coast of Wuxin District and Guanyin District of Taoyuan City is the largest in Taiwan Province Province, which is mainly composed of nauplii coral algae and calcified calcium carbonate. Taoyuan City, which once owned 27 kilometers of algae reef coast, regretted seeing the new algae reef wildlife reserve in Taoyuan because of the influence of industrial pollution.

Taoyuan Gao Rong Wildlife Sanctuary, located in Yangmei District, is an artificial pond. There are a stable number of red frogs and other animals in Taipei, which was declared as a wildlife reserve on March 3, 20 12. North Taoyuan is dominated by Minnan people, including Taoyuan District, Guishan District, Bade District, Luzhu District, Daxi District and Grand Park. With Taoyuan District as the core, the population is about 6.5438+0.07 million, which is equivalent to Taoyuan County and Daxi Street in Daxi County during the Japanese occupation. Nantaoyuan is the main residential area of Hakkas, including Zhongli District, Yangmei District, Pingzhen District, Longtan District, Guanyin District and Wuxin District. With Zhongli District as the core and a population of about 970,000, the scope is equivalent to Zhongli County and Longtan Village in Daxi County during the Japanese occupation period. The aboriginal area is inhabited by aborigines, mainly revival area, with about 10600 people.

North and South Taoyuan Development Zones are as follows: Regional administrative regions: Shizhong District, Zhonglu District, Puzi District, Huiji District, Bajiacuo/Xiazhuangzai District, Xiaoli District, Aoxi District, Xixi East District of Daxi District, Nanlang District, Kengzi District and Dazhu of Luzhu District of Xixi District. Neihaiqian District, Puxin District, Zhu Wei District, Downtown District, Longgang District, Neigeng District, Daxi District (Qingpu, Dalun and Guoling), Causeway Bay District, Longtanpo District, Beishi District, Shezi District, Pingzhen District/Heather District and Sankengzi District.