The Second Battle of Qin Attacking Baiyue

The Second Battle of Qin Attacking Baiyue

The Qin Dynasty attacked Baiyue three times, but it is generally believed that the third time is the continuation of the second. The Qin Dynasty's second attack on Baiyue did not fail like the first one. It easily won Baiyue and established Guilin, Xiang Jun and Nanhai counties.

In 2 14 BC, after the Lingqu grain route was fully opened for logistics supply, Qin Shihuang once again summoned 654.38+10,000 soldiers and the remaining 200,000 Qin Jun, appointed Ren Tao as the commander-in-chief and Zhao Tuo as the lieutenant, and once again marched into Baiyue. Because of the experience of the first engagement, Qin Jun's marching speed accelerated a lot, and at this time there were less than 6,000 Baiyue troops. This time, Qin Jun occupied the whole territory of Lingnan with no effort, and set up three counties of Nanhai, Guilin and Xiang Jun.

This attack, unlike four or five years ago, the generals of the Qin Dynasty and Qin Jun learned the lesson of the Tu Youyou campaign and strategically adopted the strategy of "sending people to taste death, husband and wife" and marched with the army. Whenever Qin Jun occupied a place, some immigrants stayed here, which not only made the Qin army have a stable rear base, but also supplemented Qin Jun's manpower consumption, and a large number of businessmen were in Lingnan.

Under such favorable conditions, Qin Jun, with its abundant grain and excellent armed equipment, began a large-scale conquest on the Baiyue battlefield. Wherever the army went, the front of the soldiers was sharp and swept away, and it didn't take much effort to defeat the resistance of Ou Department and occupied today's Ou area in Guangxi.

Then Ren Tao and Zhao Tuo went south again, pursued them, defeated the Luoyue tribe in one fell swoop, and occupied the Luoyue area in the north-central part of the country today. At this point, the war of conquering Lingnan launched by Qin Dynasty in 2 19 BC, after four or five years of twists and turns and bloodshed, finally ended with Qin Jun's complete conquest of Baiyue tribe in Lingnan in 2 14 BC.

After Qin Jun occupied Lingnan, Qin Shihuang soon established Guilin, Xiang Jun and Nanhai counties in this area, and formally incorporated Lingnan into the territory of the Qin Dynasty. In order to consolidate its occupied areas, prevent the resurgence of Vietnamese resistance forces and strengthen its control over Vietnamese, the Qin Dynasty adopted the policy of martial garrison, "setting up a captain in the southeast and a captain in the northwest" to strengthen its rule and defense in this area.

The so-called "Southeast Commandant" means that in the three counties of Lingnan, "Nanhai Commandant is the model", and Nanhai Commandant, who is in charge of the army, is arbitrary and strengthens its military contingency ability. Nanhai Wei is stationed in Nanhai County, which is under the jurisdiction of Panyu. The Nanhai Wei appointed by the Qin Dynasty was Ren Tao, the commander who led the army to attack Vietnam after Tu Youyou. In order to avoid dispersing the power of Nanhaiwei, the Qin Dynasty decided that there was no chief in all three counties, but only one county supervisor, who was responsible for the affairs of one county. The so-called "first-class in the northwest" means building castles on the traffic tunnels in the northwest of Lingnan and stationing heavy troops to prevent Ou people from fleeing northward.

According to historical records, Qin Shihuang not only carried out the garrison policy, but also adopted the establishment of the county system; A large number of organized immigrants moved to Lingnan; Political and economic measures such as opening new roads and digging canals.

Before the reunification of the Qin Dynasty, there was no artificially dug road from the Central Plains to Lingnan, and people marched along the south-north distributary channel of Wuling Mountains. These places have high mountains and steep slopes, and the bird paths are slightly accessible, making it impossible to drive, which has become a natural obstacle to the north and south. At the same time, Qin sent a large number of troops, criminals and untouchables (probably equivalent to today's scientific and technological workers) to build a road of communication with Lingnan. In thirty-four years, Qin Shihuang sent a spy official to work hard in Lingnan, mainly to build roads, and the land repaired was Lingnan's "new road".

It is described in the literature that Qin Shihuang opened a new road and dug a canal, which was not only an important military strategic move at that time, but also played an extremely important role in strengthening the connection between Lingnan and the mainland, breaking the closed situation between Lingnan and Lingbei, and promoting the development of Lingnan.

The third war was Zhao Tuo's attack on Luo Ou in 2 10 BC, mainly to comfort the people. Historians generally say that this war is only a continuation of the second war.