Historical overview of Rakhine State

Since 2666 BC, Rakhine State has been an independent ancient civilization-Arakan State, and its ancient territory is much larger than it is now. "12 Bangladesh Town", including Chittagong in Bangladesh and the outer suburbs of major cities in Gar, India, has long been a vassal of Arakan.

Arakan language belongs to the Tibeto-Burman language family of Sino-Tibetan language family, which is deeply influenced by Indian culture-most of them believe in Buddhism, some believe in Islam and Hinduism; Mainly engaged in agriculture-mainly planting rice, and planting fruits and tobacco leaves; The offshore areas are engaged in fishing and salt industry, and the fishermen have superb navigation skills, which won the attention of Portugal from the East in the16th century. Borlido and his Portuguese mercenaries used to be the right-hand men of Arakan Dynasty (Borlido stayed in Shalian Port on the other side of Yangon to control shipping, and was killed by the Dongwu king of Pound Dynasty in 16 13).

At that time, Arakan was a cultural and religious exchange station between India and Southeast Asia for a long time.

Unfortunately, the Mughal Empire occupied Chittagong in 1666, and then continued to annex "12 Bengal Town". 1784, King Potopeye of the Bombay Dynasty (1744- 18 19) conquered this country and destroyed Arakan.

Rakhine State in the west of Myanmar has long existed as an independent kingdom because it is separated from the Myanmar plain in the middle by mountains. 1784, Burmese talents finally fell, which also planted the seeds of hatred and distrust between the two ethnic groups. Only 40 years later, the victorious king of Myanmar went to war with the British East India Company, which was called the First British-Burmese War and Rakhine State was ceded. Trade-oriented British moved the capital from the hinterland of Miao Wei to Sittwe, which was then a fishing village. Since then, Miaoou has declined and Sittwe has risen. Followed by a large number of Bangladeshi immigrants, including Rohingya (it is also said that Rohingya originated in Myanmar).

After hundreds of years of continuous struggle by the people of Rakhine State, it was not until 1974 that the present Rakhine State was established by the Nian Wen military government of Myanmar. The mountains in northern Rakhine State slowly extend southward. The valley plain between the mountains is narrow in the north and wide in the south, and the southern plain is connected with the Irrawaddy River Delta, which is the widest plain in Rakhine State and is called Sittwe Plain.

There are low-rise Rakhine Mountains in south-central Rakhine State, and the plains along the coastline are narrow and not connected in a line. The average elevation of the Rakhine Mountains is over 3,000 feet, and the highest point is Sun Shan in the north, reaching 6,500 feet.

There are islands in the northern and central coastline of Rakhine State, Payonga Island near Sittwe Plain, small islands such as Yangbie Island and Manan Island in the middle, reefs, coves and beaches along the coast, and Ebri Beach and Gandaya Beach in this section.

The westernmost part of northern Rakhine State is the Nahe River on the border between Bangladesh and Myanmar, and the eastern part is the Muyo River, the Guerra River and the Remus River. Many tributaries flow from north to south. The tributaries of these rivers crisscross the Yijiang Delta, forming the Yijiang Delta Plain. There is Miduxiang River in the south, which originated in Rakhine Mountains. These famous rivers flow from north to south. These rivers are Dele River, An River, Muyi River, Danlei River, Dangou River, Shanduowei River, Zhendeli River and Gua River. Red soil can be found in mountainous areas, farmland in alluvial soil plains, fields and muddy land in places with poor water flow.