Do you know where Changsha people are basically from now?

1938165438+1October 13. Wenxi fire, due to the mistake of scorched earth, the Kuomintang authorities, eventually killed more than 30,000 people in Changsha, and more than 90% of the houses in the city were burned down. Since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, almost all the historical sites on the ground in Changsha have been burned. The three major battles in Changsha have made Changsha suffer from war! So where are Changsha people basically from now? Let's know where Changsha people basically come from through the historical development track of Changsha.

Changsha, the famous city of Chu and Han, the hometown of Qujia and Xiaoxiang Zhusi, is one of the few historical cities in China with unchanged place names and sites for 3,000 years (I remember Handan is one of them). Qin Shihuang established Changsha County, and Changsha was incorporated into the administrative division of the Central Plains regime. From Emperor Yangdi Emperor Wen of Sui to Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang of Ming Dynasty, Changsha was once under the jurisdiction of Tanzhou Government. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Tanzhou was the capital of Chu, so it was renamed Tanzhou. It is also called Star City, because it is said that Changsha's name comes from 28 stars.

(A) the earliest Changsha people

Before the "Man Moon in Nanping" in Chu State, Changsha people belonged to YueYang of the "Man Moon" family. YueYang is one of the ancestors of Han nationality and a branch of Baiyue branch, that is, Yue people living in Yangzhou, Kyushu.

The legend of Changsha's name also has the shadow of Yue people. In ancient Vietnamese, "dragon" means "altar" and "sand" means "goddess", not "sand god". "Changsha" in the full moon means "the place where the goddess is sacrificed". Zhuang and Dong people still have the custom of worshipping the goddess, and there is a saying in their idiom that "the village should be sealed first, then Changsha should be established".

In addition, during the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Changsha also belonged to the activities of the ancestors of Sanmiao tribe. In fact, there will be a problem involved here, that is, the four sheep square statue. Generally recognized as the largest bronze statue of the Shang Dynasty in China, Siyang Square was unearthed in Ningxiang County, Changsha, Hunan Province, but it did not belong to the territory of the Shang Dynasty at that time, so some scholars believe that Siyang Square should be unearthed in Guangzong County, Hebei Province.

Jiang Mirong was born in Longquan Village, Yueshan Township, Huangcai District, Ningxiang County, Changsha, Hunan Province. 193 1 year was the order of Guangzong County. Because of the war at that time, it was probably the Four Sheep Fang Zun that was brought back to Ningxiang after being unearthed. This is just a guess, because there are also seven tombs of Western Zhou nobles around Tanzheli site in Ningxiang, and a large number of bronzes have been unearthed, so Fang Zun in Siyang is not the only bronze unearthed in Ningxiang. (Controversial topic, for reference only, personally think it was unearthed in Ningxiang)

(2) People from the north of the Central Plains (Han nationality) go south.

When the Chinese people in the north arrived in Changsha, the earliest group may be Shun Di people. Records of the Five Emperors: Shun "ascended the throne for thirty-nine years, went hunting in the south, collapsed in the wilderness of Cangwu, and was buried in Jiuyi, south of the Yangtze River, which is Lingling (now Yongzhou, Hunan)". Many people who came with Shun Di stayed in Changsha, Hunan.

Later, the Chu people went south to Hunan and set up Qianzhong County to govern Changsha. The Qin dynasty kept Wuling and set up Changsha county; The Han Dynasty unified Changsha State. The Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha is the best record. The owner of the tomb, Li Cang, was born in Jingzhou, Hubei Province. During these periods, people from the northern part of the Central Plains went south to Changsha, but most of them were soldiers and officials guarding the border and their families.

The large-scale migration of the Northern Han population to Changsha began in Du Nan, Guan Yi after the Yongjia Rebellion in the Western Jin Dynasty, and then experienced the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty and the shame of Jingkang in the Song Dynasty. A large number of northern Han people gradually entered Changsha, formally forming the pattern of mainly northern Han people at first. With the advanced culture and productivity brought by immigrants, ethnic minorities in Changsha and Hunan have either sinicized or entered the deep mountains of southern Hunan and western Hunan, forming today's Miao, Yao and Dong ethnic groups.

Zeng Guofan, the first of the four famous ministers of ZTE in Qing Dynasty, was born in Xiangxiang County, Changsha Prefecture, Hunan Province (now Shuangfeng County, Hunan Province), and his ancestral home was Jiaxiang County, Shandong Province. It is said that he is a descendant of Ceng Zi and a good example for northern immigrants.

(3) Jiangxi (Laobiao) fills Huguang.

As we all know, it was in the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty that Jiangxi immigrants were organized to start from Waxieba and other places and fill the lake in Hunan and Hubei. Because Hunan and Hubei provinces belonged to Huguang province at that time, they were called Huguang in Jiangxi.

In fact, during the Southern Song Dynasty, the migration from Jiangxi to Hunan reached a peak. At that time, it was mainly economic reasons. As we all know, the Song Dynasty was the era of Jiangxi people, and the population of Jiangxi ranked first in all provinces in China, and the contradiction between man and land intensified. In addition, Changsha was less affected by the war, so many Jiangxi immigrants flowed to Changsha at that time. Immigrants in this period are more natural transfer of people. In the Ming Dynasty, Huguang in Jiangxi was dominated by the Ming government.

According to the statistics of immigrant surnames, there were 146 clans in Jiangxi who moved to Changsha and other places, compared with 9 in the Southern Song Dynasty. From the Southern Song Dynasty to the early Ming Dynasty, Jiangxi immigrants became the most important Han group in Changsha today. In addition, after the Qing Dynasty, commercial gangs rose on the right side of the river, and a large number of Jiangxi people immigrated to Changsha.

Let's talk about why Jiangxi fills Huguang instead of the neighboring five provinces of Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou and Hubei.

In fact, this has something to do with development. In ancient times, immigrants migrated from developed areas to underdeveloped areas and densely populated areas to sparsely populated areas. The development of Guangxi, Guangdong and Guizhou provinces is later than that of Hunan, so they often become the population input places of Hunan, rather than the export places. Although Sichuan was developed early, it is difficult for the Sichuan Basin to immigrate to Hunan due to geographical restrictions. As the old saying goes, "Sichuanese have moved to Hunan, but their road is still impassable".

Before the Southern Song Dynasty, many Hubei people moved south to Hunan. However, in the Southern Song Dynasty, the Song and Jin Dynasties split, and the farmland in Hubei, which was in the front line of the confrontation between Song and Jin Dynasties, was completely abandoned and its development was not as good as that in Hunan. Therefore, after the Southern Song Dynasty, Hunan immigrated to Hubei, and Hubei immigrated to Hunan less. At present, many Hubei people are from Changsha, Hunan.

The development of Jiangxi began in the eastern part of Shanxi and crossed the south, much earlier than that of Hunan. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the population of Jiangxi once ranked first in all provinces, and in the early Ming Dynasty, the population of Jiangxi ranked second in the country. At that time, Hunan was a vast and sparsely populated wasteland in Jiangxi. With the increase of population in Jiangxi, Jiangxi naturally immigrated to neighboring Hunan. As the capital of Hunan, Changsha naturally received a large number of immigrants from Jiangxi.

On the whole, Changsha people come from all corners of the country, with Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian and Jiangxi being the ninth in the east and the ninth in the east.

I made a special trip to Changsha in July this year, and the snacks in Changsha were the most memorable. Pozi Street and Taiping Old Street are most recommended. Hot pot, barbecue, bean jelly scraping, stinky tofu and sugar and oil Baba are all super delicious. Changsha is really livable, with beautiful mountains (Yuelu Mountain) and beautiful water (Xiangjiang River). Look forward to coming again next time!