What does the rebellion of An Shi mean in Du Fu's three poems?

When Du Fu was 25 years old, his father Du Xian was Sima, Yanzhou, Shandong. He once used the opportunity of being a mother to travel around Shandong. This poem was written at that time. When we read Du Fu's poems after "An Shi Rebellion", we often think that he is a depressed old man. However, reading this song feels completely different. His ambition and heroism will excite you.

Second, read, say and ask.

It is divided into two steps: the first step, students achieve overall perception by solving problems; Interpret sentence by sentence

Overall perception. Q: The title of the poem is "Looking at the Moon", which shows that the author has never climbed Mount Tai. Every sentence in the poem is written with the word "looking", but the angle of looking is different, from far and near, from virtual to real. Try to use two sentences as a group and see what the difference is in the angle of "seeing" ("Daizong" is a vision; The word "natural" is nearsighted; The sentence "swinging the chest" is a fine look; "Yes" is a great hope. ) press: this is Qiu's statement. The word "longing" is not easy for students to understand, so it is no harm to change it to "overlooking".

Interpret sentence by sentence (according to: this poem is not a metrical poem, and names such as "couplets" and "necklaces" cannot be used)

"Dai Zong" two sentences. Q: "Fu" is a function word. The first sentence only means "how" (how) Try to compare "How about Daizong" and "How majestic Mount Tai is!" Adding "blessing" makes the feelings of surprise and admiration more obvious and strong. ) Taishan is the hometown in the north and the hometown in the south; "Green" refers to the color of Mount Tai, meaning "gone" and "finished". What does the whole sentence mean? No matter from the north or the south, Mount Tai is inexhaustible. What's the use of a poet writing like this? )

"Nature". Q: "Beauty" refers to the spirit of heroism, which was said by the ancients. Try to talk about the meaning of this sentence in connection with the previous sentence. The height of Mount Tai is the result of the heroic convergence of heaven and earth. What does the phrase "Yin and Yang" mean? (according to the notes, the sun is in front of the mountain, so it is easy to know; It's cloudy behind the mountain, and it's easy to faint. ) This is to describe Mount Tai as high as the sky.

Swing your chest. The general idea has been seen in the notes. Q: Try to describe what the poet Wang Yue saw in these two sentences (clouds appear on the Tianmen Gate in Mount Tai, either high or low, so they are called "stratus clouds"; Birds often haunt the valley, so you have to keep your eyes open to see them. It expresses the poet's mood. ) from the following two sentences.

"Will" two sentences. Extreme, extreme, refers to the peak of the jade emperor. Q: The poet is still at the foot of the mountain, but he can "the other mountains all appear dwarfs under the sky.". What does this mean? (This is what the poet saw when he wandered to the top of the Jade Emperor, so it is called a virtual scene. )

Third, summarize.

Du Fu's life was bumpy, especially after the Anshi Rebellion, and he drifted around and had no fixed place to live. In the last three years of his life, he even made a boat his home. He wrote more than 1,400 poems in his life, more than 95% of which were written in this turbulent life. What do you know about Du Fu after reading this poem? Can you find out why he has achieved such great success?

Students speak freely.

Appreciation of Hope in Spring

From Tang Suzong to Deyuanzai (756), in June, An Shi Rebellion captured Chang 'an, Tang Dou. In July, Du Fu heard that Tang Suzong had acceded to the throne in Lingwu, so he settled down in Qiang Village of Langzhou and went to Su Zong. On the way, he was captured by rebels and taken to Chang 'an. He was not imprisoned because of his humble position. Hope in Spring was written in March of the following year.

The first four sentences of the poem are all written in defeat and full of sighs; The last four sentences are about the situation of relatives, full of feelings of separation. The whole poem is calm, sincere and natural.

"Although the country is divided, the mountains and rivers remain forever, and the vegetation turns green in spring." At the beginning, I wrote what I saw in spring: the capital fell and the city was broken. Although the mountains and rivers remain the same, the grass is littered with trees, and the word "broken" makes people stunned. Then a word "deep" makes people sad. Sima Guang said, "There are mountains and rivers, but there is nothing left in Ming Dynasty." : the vegetation is deep and no one is there. "("Wen Gong Xu Shi ") The poet here clearly writes about scenery, but actually expresses his feelings, places his feelings on things, and entrusts his feelings to scenery. It creates an atmosphere for the whole poem. This couplet is ingenious, mature, natural and poetic. "The destruction of the country" is opposite to "the spring of the city". The ruins of "National Destruction and Death" are in sharp contrast with the wealthy businessmen in "Spring in the City". "The country is broken" followed by "there are mountains and rivers", which means the opposite and is unexpected; "Spring in the City" was originally a beautiful scenery, but the suffix "deeply planted" is ridiculous and contradictory, one after another. In the Ming Dynasty, Hu Zhenheng spoke highly of this couplet, saying: "The antithesis is not refined, but it changes vertically and horizontally, becoming more and more stereotyped, heavy and subtle, and taking advantage of heaven. Tang Yin Guiqian Volume 9

"Petals fall like tears, and lonely birds sing their sorrows." The general explanation of these two sentences is that flowers and birds are originally recreational things, but they hate parting because of their feelings, which makes the poet cry. Another explanation is that flowers and birds personify people and feel sad when they leave. Flowers also splash tears and birds are heartbroken. Although their theories are different, their spirit can be interlinked, one is touching the scene and the other is feeling deeply, which shows the richness of good poetry.

The first four sentences of the poem are all in the word "Wang". Poets look at it from near to far, from far to near, from cities to mountains and rivers, and from cities to flowers and birds. Feelings are from hidden to obvious, from weak to strong, step by step. In the change of scenery and emotion, it seems that the poet gradually turned from longing for the scenery to overlooking and thinking about the scenery, and naturally transitioned to the second half-missing his loved ones.

"After three months of war, a letter from home is worth a ton of gold." Since the Anshi Rebellion, "fire is hard to learn, and letter is hard to believe." Until now, at the end of March, the war is still going on. How I look forward to hearing from my relatives at home. At this moment, a letter from home is really better than "tiger balm"! "A letter from home is worth a ton of gold" wrote the long-awaited anxiety of news isolation. This is the idea in everyone's mind, which naturally makes people * * * sound, thus becoming a famous sentence that has been told through the ages.

"I stroked my white hair. It has become so thin that it can no longer hold hairpins. "There are bonfires everywhere, and my family doesn't trust me. I miss the tragic image in the distance, and I look at the decadent scene in front of me. I don't feel bored either. Scratching my head makes my hair thin and short. "White hair" is caused by worry, "scratching" is an action to relieve worry, and "shorter" indicates the degree of worry. In this way, in addition to the grief of national demise and death, sighing and aging will add another layer of sadness.

This poem reflects the poet's good sentiment of loving his country and his family. The meaning is not straight, the scenery is not free, the feeling is strong but not floating, the content is rich but not miscellaneous, the meter is rigorous but not rigid, and it rises and falls with the five laws, so it has been circulated for more than 1,200 years.

"Li Shihao" teaching plan

Teaching objectives:

1. Understand this article as a whole.

2. Expose the brutality of officials

3. sympathize with the people's suffering

Teaching emphases and difficulties:

Experience the function of the old woman's words in expressing the center of the article.

Teaching time:

One class hour

Teaching process:

Firstly, introduce the background import, and introduce the author:

Introduce the background.

2. Introduce the author.

Second, show the teaching objectives:

◆ Introduction to Li Shihao Page 1 * * Page 2 ◆

Third, the overall perception:

1. Query and draw difficult sentences.

2. Talk about your initial feelings.

Fourth, look at the picture and understand the text:

1. Find the corresponding sentences according to the pictures.

Some people think that the old woman's words were not uttered in one breath, but were forced out by officials step by step. Try to imagine a conversation between an official and a woman.

Five, say: