Zhu Yuanzhang is the first of the five emperors in China. What are his great achievements?

During Zhu Yuanzhang's reign, he ordered farmers to return to farming and reward reclamation; Vigorously engage in resettlement and military camp construction; Organize local farmers to build water conservancy projects; Vigorously promote the cultivation of mulberry, hemp, cotton and other cash crops and fruit and wood crops, he will only enrich the people and restrain the mighty; Ordered the liberation of handmaiden; Reduce the tax burden and severely punish corrupt officials; Send people to all parts of the country to measure land, audit accounts and so on. In the era of Zhu Yuanzhang, the land collected by the Yellow Book in China was as high as 850 million mu, and the per capita land was as high as 17 mu. It is much higher than the 600 million mu of Kanggan in Qing Dynasty, and the per capita is only 4 mu. Throughout the Hongwu period, the people were rich and the country was strong, and the national treasury was flooded. When it was built, farming was reclaimed, and there was no Laiwu. People are eager for their own careers and a lot of arable land, so they pay enough attention to each other.

For example, Yu Xin, the Minister of Household Affairs during the Hongwu period, wrote to Zhu Yuanzhang, saying: Chu Guang and Guangyi No.2 in Jinan, Shandong Province have a grain storage of 757,000 stone (about 65.438+0.2 billion Jin), and these two warehouses are only used for the military salaries of Linqing training officers. Although the Sanwei in Dezhou, Pingshan and Jin 'an have enough food for their own use, Chu Guang and Guangxiang have stored too much food, which has been rotten for many years (the second warehouse has been rotten for many years), so these Sanwei should also receive wages from Chu Guang and Guangxiang to prevent the food from rotting. Zhu Yuanzhang also lifted the bondage system of the Yuan Dynasty to craftsmen who had served in the government for many years. At the same time, it also liberated the humble position of tenant farmers in Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties and the fate that life and death were dominated by their owners. For the first time, industrial and commercial craftsmen and tenant farmers in China were legally recognized as equal human rights, and they were no longer slaves who were trampled upon by others. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, through Zhu Yuanzhang's efforts, social production gradually recovered and developed, and national strength increased rapidly. Because of its title of "Hongwu", it is called the prosperous time of Hongwu in history. Another major policy of Zhu Yuanzhang is to promote the welfare of the whole people: scholar Ao Ying concluded that there are three great achievements: one is the nursing home for the elderly, the other is the Huimin pharmacy that provides medical clothes, and the third is the free cemetery. To adopt today's proverb is to make China people old, sick and die. In ancient society, this was a great pioneering work. In order to supervise the implementation, Zhu Yuanzhang also offered a traditional magic weapon: a nationwide unannounced visit. However, whenever a needy household fails to receive assistance, local officials will say hello first without saying anything. For example, in Wan Bu Miscellanies written by Shen Bang during the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty, the scale of nursing homes in wanping county was recorded: during the Wanli period, Xiao Jun and others were accommodated 1800 people. (Wanli) Seven years, with Serina Liu and other five hundred. In ten years, Li Cong and other 585 students were admitted. A nursing home in wanping county has taken in more than 2,000 prisoners. So many swindlers who live in poverty pretend that the poor have been cheated and still stay there. Therefore, an embarrassing thing happened. During the period of Zhu Yuanzhang, thirteen lazy swindlers in Fujian, headed by Luo Fu, collectively cut themselves to get into nursing homes for welfare. The angry Zhu Yuanzhang killed all these people, and his wife and children were exiled to reform-through-labour camps! However, such determined efforts did not stop embarrassment. In the late Ming Dynasty, it was a common phenomenon that lazy people mixed into nursing homes. Every time the Ming government cleaned up, it could clean up a batch. It's worse to throw money. There are beautiful green and clear wells in every place of Yang Jiyuan site in Ming Dynasty, which is a high-grade and comfortable real estate. Economic subsidies are also generous: adults have three barrels of rice and 30 kilograms of firewood every month. Winter and summer. Make sure to eat and wear warm clothes. This standard has been written into the Daming Law, and it has been seriously implemented throughout the ages. Another contribution equivalent to these three benefits is providing for the aged. Zhu Yuanzhang respected the old and loved the young, issued imperial edicts, stipulated that all localities should treat the old well, and asked the county magistrate to send rice and face clothes regularly as a sign of condolences. Zhu Yuanzhang was afraid of bad execution, so he asked the minister of rites to reiterate this policy in the name of the emperor. In order to let the old people in the family be served, Hongwu stipulated in six years: "Those over 70 years old are allowed to be supported by a son to avoid their servants." In other words, in order to better enable the elderly over 70 to spend their old age peacefully, the state allows a son of the elderly to be exempted from military service. In the twentieth year of Hongwu, Daming issued a life-long pension order: the elderly over 80 years old gave five buckets of rice, three kilograms of wine and five kilograms of meat every month, and the elderly over 90 years old gave one silk and ten kilograms of wadding. Providing for the aged by the whole people was initiated by Daming. Zhu Yuanzhang even tried out the policy of "affordable housing" and ordered a pilot project in Nanjing to build public houses in the suburbs and arrange for homeless people to live. Although this policy was limited by the economic conditions in feudal times, it could not be popularized nationwide, but it was the earliest national free welfare public housing in the world.