What kind of poem is it that the survivors are all in tears?

On an autumn night, I feel the dawn as I step out of the fence to welcome the coolness (Part 2)

[Song Dynasty] Lu You

Thirty thousand miles of river east enters the sea, and five thousand mountains rise Go up to the skyscraper.

The remaining people shed tears in the dust and looked south to see Wang Shi for another year.

Notes

①[Sanwanli River] refers to the Yellow River. "Thirty thousand miles" is a long description.

② [Five Thousand Renyue] refers to Mount Huashan. "仞", unit of length. "Five thousand ren" describes a very high level.

③〔Skyss〕To touch the sky, describe extremely high.

④[Remnants] refers to the people of the original Song Dynasty in the areas ruled by the Jin Dynasty.

⑤[Hu Chen] refers to the wind and sand in the areas ruled by Jin, here it refers to the Jin regime.

⑥[King] guided the army of the Song Dynasty.

Explanation

The 30,000-mile-long Yellow River flows eastward into the sea, and the 5,000-foot-high Huashan Mountain towers into the sky and reaches the blue sky. The people in the occupied areas had shed tears under the rule of the Jin people. They looked forward to the Southern Song Dynasty's army to recover the mountains and rivers, and they looked forward to it year after year.

Appreciation

Lu You (1125-1210) was a writer of the Southern Song Dynasty. The scenes in this poem are intertwined. The poem is majestic and serious, desolate and indignant. With the word "wang" as the eye, it expresses the poet's mood of hope, disappointment but not despair, and depicts the magnificent mountains and rivers of the Central Plains. , expressing the author's sympathy for the people in the occupied areas and his great indignation against the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty.

It makes people feel extremely indignant to have a great country fall into the hands of the enemy. The people's patriotic enthusiasm is like a dancing flame suppressed in the ground, getting stronger and stronger over time. However, the ruling group of the Southern Song Dynasty was dying by the West Lake in a dream, leaving behind the great rivers and mountains, the hatred of the country and the hatred of the family. The poet's cry for the survivors was intended to arouse the vigilance of the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty and arouse their aspirations for recovery.