Tell me about the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in the former Soviet Union.

1962, American marine biologist Carson wrote the book Silent Spring, which described a small village where birds could not be heard. In this small village, people used DDT (an organochlorine pesticide) to pollute the living environment, and there were a lot of pollutants everywhere, which eventually destroyed themselves. This story shows that human beings are destroying themselves with their own scientific knowledge.

A realistic example similar to that written in the book is the Chernobyl nuclear power plant leakage accident. This accident also shows that it is human's own behavior that leads to the sharp deterioration of the ecological environment.

I. Basic information of the accident: 1. Geographical location: Chernobyl is located about 0/00 km north of Kiev, the Ukrainian capital of the Soviet Union, and adjacent to Belarus.

2. Time of occurrence:1986 In the early morning of Saturday, April 26th, the world's worst nuclear disaster occurred in Chernobyl.

Cause of the accident: Chemical explosion and out-of-control graphite fire occurred in Reactor 4 of Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. The accident released more than 450 units of radionuclides, equivalent to burning 3.5% of all the fuel stored in the nuclear reactor. Radioactive dust spread through the air, across the western Soviet Union to Europe, and even to the east coast of North America.

? 4. Specific process: On April 26th, 1986, the operator accidentally cooled the core. When they reheated the reactor core, the water flashed, which led to a sudden increase in reactor power. Then the control rod was inserted into the reactor, and the graphite end caused another catastrophic power surge. The fuel rod exploded, destroying the control rod. The steam explosion exposed the core of the reactor, and the entry of oxygen caused a fire, which led to the entry of nuclear fuel into the air. The fusion of liquid nuclear fuel caused another small nuclear explosion, and the second explosion caused the leakage of nuclear fuel.

? 5. Adverse effects (tragic results): The accident had a devastating impact on residents in this area, caused extensive damage to humans, animals and plants, and caused estimated economic losses of billions of dollars. The specific performance is as follows:

First, it caused a large area of death: thousands of people (official data is 7000-8000) died from exposure to nuclear radiation;

? Second, diseases are caused by long-term exposure to radiation (even if the radiation level is very low): more than 4.5 million people suffer from diseases related to nuclear radiation;

? Third, air, water and land pollution: nuclear radiation has polluted tens of thousands of square kilometers of fertile land in Wulan area.

Fourthly, the loss of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant is estimated at $250 billion.

Fifth, it will take at least 800 years to completely eliminate the impact of this catastrophe on the natural environment, and the continuous risk of nuclear radiation will last for 654.38 million+years (according to experts' estimation).

? Second, the serious class: 1. Insufficient publicity: due to slow publicity and reserved information disclosure, the best treatment opportunity was delayed, which further expanded the harmfulness of the accident. 1On April 27th, 986, Moscow announced a nuclear accident, but the tone was cautious, implying that the problem was not serious, the accident had been brought under control, and the problem would be dealt with quickly and efficiently. When the towns around Chernobyl were evacuating people, Kiev officials reported on the radio that only two people were killed.

? 2. Insufficient attention: After the explosion, it did not attract the attention of Soviet officials at first. It was not until 48 hours after the accident that some villages near the nuclear power plant began to evacuate villagers, and the government also sent troops to force people to evacuate. Officials hid part of the truth about the explosion from the residents, fearing that it would cause panic among the people. Many people have absorbed enough deadly radiation before leaving.

The influence and harm of nuclear radiation are underestimated: nuclear dust is almost everywhere. Nuclear radiation not only affects the surrounding areas of Ukraine, but also drifts over parts of Russia and Europe, causing great harm to people in various regions. These are all caused by insufficient understanding of the harm and spread. It was not until one year after the nuclear accident that the first batch of nuclear power plant workers and firefighters killed in the accident were transferred to a cemetery in Moscow, and the coffins for burying their bodies were made of special lead. Because their bodies have become radioactive sources that can harm normal people.