The South-to-North Water Transfer Project is beneficial in contemporary times. What is the significance of the opening of the central line?

The Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project takes water from the east bank of Danjiangkou Reservoir in the middle and upper reaches of the Hanjiang River, the largest tributary of the Yangtze River, passes through Fangcheng Pass in Nanyang, the watershed of the Yangtze River and Huaihe River, excavates channels along the western edge of Tangbaihe River Basin and Huanghuaihai Plain, crosses the Yellow River Tunnel in Wangcun, Xingyang City, Henan Province, and flows northward into Tuancheng Lake in the Summer Palace in Beijing along the west side of Beijing-Guangzhou Railway. The water supply scope is mainly in the central and western parts of Tangbaihe Plain and Huanghuaihai Plain, with a total area of about 654.38 The project focuses on Henan, Hebei, Tianjin and Beijing, and more than 20 large and medium-sized cities along the route provide domestic and production water. And give consideration to the ecological environment and agricultural water use along the line. The total length of the central trunk water conveyance canal is 1267 km, and the total length from the trunk water conveyance canal to Tianjin is 154 km. [ 1]

The adjustable water volume of the middle route project is completed according to the later scale of Danjiangkou Reservoir, and the normal water level is1.70m.. Considering the development level in 2020, some compensation projects need to be done in the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River to ensure the industrial and agricultural development, shipping and environmental water use in the transfer area. The average adjustable water volume for many years is141400 million cubic meters, and the average dry year is about 65.44 billion cubic meters (the guarantee rate is 75%).

On the afternoon of 20 14 12 12 14: 32, the middle route project of South-to-North Water Transfer Project was officially opened. Choosing 14: 32 separation means that the total length of the main canal in the middle route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project is 1432 km.

The mid-line project can alleviate the water crisis in Beijing, Tianjin and North China, and increase the domestic and industrial water supply for Beijing, Tianjin, cities along Henan and Hebei by 6.4 billion cubic meters and agriculture by 3 billion cubic meters. Greatly improve the ecological environment and investment environment of the water supply area and promote the economic development of the central region. The heightening of Danjiangkou reservoir dam has improved the flood control standard in the middle and lower reaches of the Han River and ensured the safety of Hanbei Plain and Wuhan City. [ 17]

Ecological function

The middle route project has also played a positive role in protecting the water environment in the middle and lower reaches of the Han River. Plan to flow in the Han River.

Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer Project

Xinglong hub on the main stream of Hanjiang River, water diversion project from Shashi to Shayang in Jingzhou,

The river regulation project affected by shipping and the renovation project of culvert pump station affected by water transfer not only minimize the impact of water transfer, but also increase the flow of the river below Xinglong in dry season due to the project of "Diversion from the Yangtze River to the Han River", which is expected to basically eliminate the spring "water bloom" phenomenon that once seriously threatened the water supply safety of Wuhan and other cities. The main canal of the middle route project is not only a "clear water corridor", but also a "green corridor". The main canal does not run through the mountains, with superior construction conditions and little impact on the environment. Rivers along the line intersect with the main canal to ensure water quality. At the same time, when Danjiangkou Reservoir is full of water, it can be easily put into local rivers to improve the water environment of rivers. In addition, the mid-line project will also promote the development of greening, ecological agriculture and green agriculture and improve the local ecological environment.

The Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer Project is a magnificent ecological project. At present, the water-receiving area of the Middle Route Project is short of more than 6 billion cubic meters every year, and the economic and social development has to be maintained by a large number of over-exploited groundwater, resulting in a large-scale and substantial decline of groundwater, and even the aquifer in some areas has been exhausted. After the implementation of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project, the annual water transfer will be 9.5 billion cubic meters in the initial stage, and the scale of water transfer will be further expanded as needed in the later stage, which will effectively solve the water shortage problem in the receiving area and significantly improve the ecological environment. [ 18]

Economic function

The Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer Project is a good economic project. According to the price at the end of 2000, the total investment of the mid-line project is about 92 billion yuan. 40% of these investments will be converted into consumption funds, which will play an important role in expanding domestic demand and stimulating economic growth. According to the multiplier effect of investment, the construction of mid-line project will promote the development of building materials industry, manufacturing industry, transportation industry and tertiary industry. The Middle Route Project will also promote the strategic adjustment of the economic structure in the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, the areas along the water transfer project and the northern water receiving area, and build a water-saving industry, agriculture and society.

According to the general requirements of the socialist market economy, combined with the public characteristics of water resources allocation, the construction and management system of the mid-line project is constructed to ensure the smooth construction and benign operation of the project after completion. According to the principle of "government macro-control, market mechanism operation and water users' participation in management", the Middle Route Project will set up "Middle Route Project Water Source Company" and "Water Supply Limited Liability Company". The water source company is responsible for the dam heightening and later operation management of Danjiangkou Reservoir and sells water to the water supply company. The water supply company is responsible for the construction of the main canal project and its future operation management, and sells the water to the water users association below the outlet.

Formal social gathering

Settlement-Shujiagou Wolonggang Community [19]

The Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer Project is an active social project. According to the estimation of relevant parties, even if the mid-line project is not built, about 654.38+10,000 people around the reservoir area need to be moved out to fundamentally solve the problem of poverty alleviation in the reservoir area. The construction of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project and the relocation of 300,000 migrants to places with better living conditions will greatly improve the ecological environment around the reservoir and improve the living standards of migrants.

In 2005, the Danjiangkou Reservoir Dam of the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer started to be raised from162m to176.6m, and the water level was raised from157m to170m, with a total storage capacity of 29.05 billion cubic meters. Therefore, the flooded area in the upper reaches of Danjiangkou Reservoir is 144 square kilometers, and there are 346,000 immigrants in the whole reservoir area, including164,000 in Henan Province and182,000 in Hubei Province. The resettlement area involves 287 townships and more than 2,000 villages in 60 counties and districts of the above two provinces 16.

Resettlement has always been a major issue affecting the decision-making of the mid-line project, but it is also a major opportunity to solve the serious shortage of environmental capacity and the poverty of residents in the reservoir area. Resettlement by stages. From August 2009, when the pilot resettlement was completed, to May 201February, Henan Province completed resettlement160,000 people, and Hubei Province completed resettlement182,000 people, thus completing the resettlement of more than 340,000 people in the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer. On September 12 and 18, Hubei Governor Wang Guosheng announced: "The relocation task of Hubei immigrants in the middle route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project has been successfully completed." At this point, the resettlement work of the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer in China has all ended.

After the completion of the mid-line project, the high-quality drinking water of urban residents along the line can be guaranteed, and some cities will no longer be "short of water" in dry years. For millions of local farmers who drink high-fluorine water, brackish water and other deep groundwater containing harmful substances for a long time, the mid-line project will fundamentally improve their drinking water quality. [ 19] [8]

In order to ensure the safety of the river entering Beijing, recently, the Beijing section of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project began to cut off the water in the north river and drainage pipeline, and comprehensively and systematically inspected and maintained the buried culvert, PCCP pipeline and Yongding River inverted siphon project about 80 kilometers long. The physical examination will last until the end of June.