Overview of British history

Britain, called the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, consists of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, and the whole history of Britain consists of the history of these four regions.

1535, Wales became a part of the Kingdom of England. 1588, the defeat of the Spanish Armada in the Gravorin naval battle made Britain defeat the invasion of foreign Catholic forces, basically eliminated the threat of Catholicism, and consolidated the achievements of the religious reform.

1640, Britain was the first bourgeois revolution in the world and became the pioneer of bourgeois revolution. 1May 649 19, the Republic of China was proclaimed. 1660 restored the dynasty, 1688 witnessed a "glorious revolution" and established a constitutional monarchy.

1707, England and Scotland merged, which laid the foundation of not falling into the empire after the seven-year war and gained maritime hegemony. 180 1 merged with Ireland. After the Napoleonic Wars, Britain achieved the hegemony of not falling into the empire.

/kloc-from the second half of the 8th century to the first half of the 9th century, it became the first country in the world to complete the industrial revolution. /kloc-the 0/9th century was the heyday of the British Empire. 19 14 years, the occupied colony was11times larger than the mainland, and it was the first colonial power, claiming to be "imperial".

1922, Ireland became independent from Britain, and Northern Ireland stayed in Britain, which is today's Northern Ireland.

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British historical events:

The British bourgeois revolution, also known as the Puritan Revolution. Since17th century, Britain has gradually become a maritime power. With the expansion of the market, wealth has also increased, and the domestic handicraft market has also developed greatly.

Economic development has greatly strengthened the power of the rich and the newly rich. However, those old upper classes are unwilling to voluntarily withdraw from the historical stage, which leads to the increasingly sharp contradiction between the emerging bourgeoisie, new noble and the feudal autocratic dynasty.

1603, Scottish king james stuart succeeded to the British throne and began the autocratic rule of Stuart dynasty. As soon as James came to power, he strongly advocated the theory of "divine right of monarchy", claiming that the king is the highest authority sent by God to the world.

Have supreme power. After James II came to power, he tried to restore Catholicism in Britain in order to implement its feudal autocratic rule, which obviously endangered the interests of the bourgeoisie and new noble, and thus caused opposition from the English Church and new noble.

1688 In June, James II's long-awaited son finally came to earth, which means that his daughter Mary, who believes in the Anglican Church, will lose the right to inherit the throne. Previously, the emerging bourgeoisie and nobles had hoped that Mary could successfully change the status quo.

The birth of the prince seemed to dash their hopes. In order to prevent this from happening, they decided to launch a coup to overthrow the rule of James II.

Whigs and Tories in the British Parliament invited William, the son-in-law of James II and the ruling Prince of Orange in the Netherlands, to come to Britain to protect religion, freedom and property in Britain.

William, who was invited, issued a statement on September 30th, 688/KLOC-0, demanding that his wife Mary be restored to the British throne. And led the troops into London on February 18 18. At the plenary session of parliament in London.

James II abdicated, William and Mary jointly managed Britain, and established a constitutional monarchy in Britain. Coup is also called "glorious revolution" and "bloodless revolution", while the revolutionary partners are called William III and Mary Ⅱ.

The British bourgeois revolution opened the era of bourgeois world revolution, and historians usually regard 1640 as the beginning of modern world history.

Baidu Encyclopedia-British History