What is the relationship between Zoroastrianism in history and Zoroastrianism in novels?

Zoroastrianism, also known as Manichaeism or Manichaeism, is a religion that originated from Zoroastrianism in ancient Persia and was founded by Manichaeism in the middle of the 3rd century BC. This is a philosophical system that combines Christianity and Iranian Mazda.

Zoroastrianism is in China

Zoroastrian Buddha statues found in Xiapu, Fujian Province were in ancient China, and the development of Manichaeism was mixed with Taoism, Buddhism and Anbailism. Peasant uprisings in the Five Dynasties, Song and Yuan Dynasties were often used as organizational tools. Respect Zhang Jiao as the godfather, respect Mani (or "Muny") as god of light, and worship the sun and the moon. Christians wear white clothes and advocate vegetarianism, abstinence and naked burial; Pay attention to unity and mutual assistance, called a family; I believe that the forces of light in the world will eventually defeat the forces of darkness. In the sixth year of the Five Dynasties Liang Dynasty (920), Mother B launched an uprising. In the Song Dynasty, it was popular in Huainan, Zhejiang, Jiangdong, Jiangxi, Fujian and other places, and peasant uprisings were constantly organized, the most famous of which were Fang La Uprising and Wang Nianjing Uprising. Manichaeism in history, Zoroastrianism, also known as Venetianism and Zoroastrianism, was founded in the 3rd century A.D., about equivalent to the Wei and Jin Dynasties in China. Manichaeism was introduced into China in the Tang Dynasty and gradually developed. The core of Manichaeism is that at the beginning of the world, there were two kingdoms of light and darkness. Light occupied the east, west, north and south, and darkness occupied the south. In the kingdom of light, there are light, goodness, beauty, peace, order and cleanliness. The Manichaean classic "Ode to the Next" says: Light is generally pure, and joy is always silent without a spell; He has no happy troubles, and it is useless to say that he has pain. In view of constant happiness, it is useless to say that you are ill. If there are people who can live in another country, there will be no worries. The solemnity of the place is clean, and the evil is not clean. Happiness is full of Zhang Kuan TV, and there is nothing to say about it. The ruler of the kingdom of light is called Chawan (meaning eternity) in Persia, and Mingfu and Daming Zun in the East. Dark kingdom is full of fireworks, anger, hurricanes, sludge and poisonous water. It was ruled by the dark king, lived in Parademons, and indulged in desires and quarrels all day. Light and darkness fought several times, and the dark Lord made the devil give birth to human ancestors. Because human beings are descendants of the dark devil, Daming Zun sent a light messenger to save human souls with light molecules. In the Song Dynasty, Manichaeism was translated into Zoroastrianism, and its teachings were briefly summarized as "purity, light, strength and wisdom". There are farmers, scholars, officials, ranks, outlaws, Jiang Yang thieves, Wulin Yan Jun and so on. Christians wear white clothes and black hats, and secretly associate with each other, honoring ambassadors as gods in the church. At that time, because it was in a secret state, there were many nicknames for Christian names, except Manichaeism in Zhejiang and Zoroastrianism in Fujian. According to Lu You's Collected Works of Weinan, there are five notes, Huainan is called the Second Bureau, Jiangdong is called Guo Si, Jiangxi is called Jingangchan, and Fujian is called Jiedi Village. Zoroastrianism was further combined with the original culture of China in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, and became a secret form of struggle between the lower classes and the Jianghu against the imperial court. Because Zoroastrianism has been suppressed by the imperial court for a long time, its actions are extremely secretive, and sometimes it is misunderstood by the "white road" in the rivers and lakes, and the pressure it faces is greater than that of ordinary rivers and lakes, so it is more determined to resist the imperial court and set off huge waves several times in history. The first time was at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty. Fang La used Manichaeism to organize the masses and held a massive uprising, which shook half the country in the southeast. The second time was after the Southern Song Dynasty. Zoroastrianism and Anbailism were linked together and played an important role in the peasant war at the end of Yuan Dynasty. Han Liner, the leader of the Red Scarf Army in the peasant uprising at the end of Yuan Dynasty, was also called "Wang Xiaoming", which was related to Zoroastrianism. Later, Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, was also the middleman between Anbalism and Zoroastrianism. It's just that after he came to power, he gradually fell out with the two major religions because he knew the power of secret sects. When he became emperor, he adopted Li Shanchang's suggestion. In the Ming Dynasty, the white lotus religion was forbidden and religion was respected. The prohibition of "left-leaning witchcraft" was written into the eleventh etiquette of the Ming Law, which was fixed in legal form. Since then, Anbaili religion has been renamed and developed in the form of various tribes, but Zoroastrianism has gradually declined. In the martial arts novels, because Jin Yong's martial arts masterpiece "The Dragon Slayer" was written in Zoroastrianism, Zoroastrianism became famous for a while and became a typical secret Sect in the form of chivalrous culture. The formation of Zoroastrianism general rudder in western Zhejiang (now the boat tip scenic spot) has a history of 1000 years. It first appeared in the form of secret religion. Chen Shuozhen's uprising, the first female emperor in history, took place in the west of Zhejiang Province, leaving a mysterious site "Tianzi Collection" (ten doors and nine locks) and "Wannian Building" (Wannian Building), which was later used by Fang La, the founder of Zoroastrianism, to set off a larger peasant uprising in the same place. According to Water Margin, Fang La established a complete Zoroastrianism society in Carina Lau, with five academies and six departments. Zoroastrianism believer Zhu Yuanzhang also used the Zoroastrianism organization here to carry out activities when stationing troops on a thousand acres of land under the stern of the ship, so the folklore here is: Zhu Yuanzhang's treasure-hiding place. In April 2009, CCTV-4 produced a program about treasure hunting in Daming Mountain. From June 5438 to February 2008, the third cultural relics survey in Xiapu County, Fujian Province found a large number of Zoroastrian cultural relics and materials. In the process of changing from Manichaeism to Zoroastrianism, the most important thing is to integrate yoga, Buddhism and Taoism. And Linden played a great role in the Song Dynasty.

The Ming Dynasty established by Zhu Yuanzhang was closely related to Zoroastrianism.

Zhu Yuanzhang took Huaiyou Buyi to start an uprising and finally chose the land of China, which is very legendary. In the history of China, no emperor came from such a humble background, and few people finally unified the north and the whole country on the basis of the Yangtze River basin in the south. When Chahan Timur and his adopted son Kuokuo Timur (Wang Baobao) attacked Kaifeng, the capital of the northern Red Scarf Army, on 1359, and gradually wiped out the northern peasant army, the Mongolian court could not help but be elated. According to historical experience, no one has launched an uprising from the south, but the Northern Expedition was successful. However, Zhu Yuanzhang did it, which is an unprecedented great achievement. Zhu Jianguo's "name" is a topic that can arouse people's interest. Wu Han said, "The twenty-seventh year (A.D. 1367) was called the first year of Wu, and the next year was the throne, the country name was Daming, and the era was Hongwu. The name of Wu Fei is not a year. Zhi Daming was not a place name from the beginning, nor was it a title, not to mention the late Tang Dynasty and the early Han Dynasty. " (Zoroastrianism and Ming Empire) The name "Ming" embodies some characteristics of the peasant emperor, because the name obviously comes from the people, whether it is Zoroastrianism, the life classics of big and small Ming kings or others.

Zoroastrianism in the novel is Zoroastrianism in Jin Yong's works. At first, they were called "magic religion" because they were suppressed by the court for a long time and acted secretly. People in the Jianghu know very little about it, so they regard it as "magical power". Because their ambition is to do good and eliminate evil, save the world and resolutely confront the court, which is different from the attitude of ordinary Jianghu sects who dream of dominating the Jianghu first and not cooperating with the court. Their interests and behaviors are naturally different from those of ordinary rivers and lakes, so they are regarded as "demons"; Because he has been suppressed for a long time, his actions are inevitably perverse, his atmosphere is inevitably mysterious, he is incompatible with the general rivers and lakes, and even commits more crimes, so he is regarded as a "devil"; In addition, the court and some bad guys stirred up destruction; In addition, the experts in teaching are like clouds, which makes people in the rivers and lakes jealous (for example, Teacher Emei is suspected of exterminating the teacher) and so on; Their reputation was completely ruined by people in the Jianghu. As a result, Zoroastrianism was immediately besieged by the six "noble and decent" in the rivers and lakes-Shaolin, Wudang, Emei, Huashan, Kunlun and Kongtong. By this time, all the top Zoroastrianism masters were hurt by Cheng Kun's plot against them. When they were facing destruction, people gradually began to realize the true face of Zoroastrianism. Jin Yong has a wonderful description here: at this time, Zoroastrianism and Skyhawk all know that today's large numbers have been exhausted, and believers are struggling to get up together. Except for those who were seriously injured and could not move, all of them sat cross-legged, with their hands open and their fingers raised on their chests, to make the flame soar. After Yang Xiao, they recited Zoroastrianism scripture: "Burn my stump, burn the flame. Life is also He Huan, why bother to die? Get rid of all evils, but be aboveboard. Both joy and sorrow return to dust. Have pity on me, what a worry! Have pity on me, there are many worries! " Since Zoroastrianism, it is difficult to reach the people below, and Tianying Sect has looked solemn since Li Tianyuan and until the battle in the kitchen, and the undead Sect has been destroyed for fear. Master Kong Zhi put his hands together and said, "Good! Good! " Yu Lianzhou said, "I think these poems are recited by his followers before they die. They don't consider their own physical death, but they pity everyone's worries. That's really a big heart. The man who founded Zoroastrianism was really a great man. Unfortunately, it was passed on to future generations, but it became the source of evil. " From this point of view, Zoroastrianism written by Jin Yong has obvious magic power, and its behavior and belief are quite different from the traditional consciousness of Huaxia Center of the major schools in the Central Plains. In the encirclement and suppression of various factions, it is inevitable that they will be ruthless, perverse and secretive, and commit more crimes; At the same time, they also have obvious rationality, such as the pursuit of a bright future in the ideal world, the determination to resist natural factors, and the right to self-survival and development. In other words, the so-called "magic" only caused a catastrophe in the Jianghu and Wulin because of some unscrupulous and deliberate people. In many martial arts novels, this "magic" seems to be handed down from generation to generation in the magic religion, which is actually a one-sided view. Zhang Wuji became the founder of Zoroastrianism, and he is still a temperament middleman; Don't bright ambassadors Yang Xiao and Fan Yao mean freedom and freedom? "Magic" is not immutable, but has different meanings and tendencies in different people's eyes, which forms the complexity of the mysterious Sect that combines history and novels. By the way, Jin Yong's organization is also inspired by secret sects. The symbol of the God of the Catholic Church is the Holy Virgin, and Zoroastrianism in Middle-earth is the leader. He must learn his own way of moving Kun, and only he can learn this set of martial arts. The bright left envoy, the bright right envoy, assisted the patriarch, so there were four protectors of "purple, platinum and green": the purple dragon king Dai, the white-browed eagle Wang Yin Tianzheng and the golden lion king. Wei Yixiao, the king of blue-winged bats; There are five people next door. The general altar is armed with the five-element flag headed by the five-element flag ambassador, and there are sub-altars in various places. This organizational form is very similar to the secret sects in the martial arts field such as Bagua Palm. Finally, we have finished the story of secret sects, whether they are in the field of literature or martial arts or in the form of Zoroastrianism. Since the Song Dynasty, secret sects have had a great market among farmers in China, especially in the north. Fixed in one place, forming a strong local power; Scattered all over the country, forming a pattern of mutual echo all over the world. He is a person who is "better than the world" in the Jianghu. There is another sentence: the blazing flame is burning my body. There is no sorrow in life and no pain in death. Get rid of all evils, but be aboveboard. Both joy and sorrow return to dust. Have pity on me, what a worry! Have pity on me, what a worry! Most secret sects were listed as "cults" by the court; In the eyes of honest and obedient people, it is an extremely mysterious "magic religion"; In the eyes of the so-called "noble and decent people", they are "heretics" because they want to publicize the suffering of this world and save all beings, and they can't help but violate the ban by force. People are in the rivers and lakes, so they have a bloody knife, "You can't travel all over the world, you chase me in the wind and rain"; They also have great ambitions, so "everyone calls himself a hero". On the vast land, thrilling and involuntary Jianghu songs are being staged. Because they have deep beliefs, they will have no regrets when they take a step, and they will be born and die. People in rivers and lakes have also been chic. Because they have a deep belief, with a clear distinction between black and white, swords and shadows, people in the rivers and lakes, have always been chivalrous. Magic? God? In addition, after Zhu Yuanzhang unified the whole country, he vigorously attacked Zoroastrianism, so Zoroastrianism was forced to change its name to "Sun Moon Shintoism".