Sample report on social practice survey during winter vacation for high school students (more than 3,000 words)

Comprehensive practice: Spring Festival folk customs and Christmas customs

1. Activity background

Festival is a cultural phenomenon, especially the Spring Festival. The Spring Festival is the most solemn festival in the context of the traditional Chinese culture. It originated from the activities of worshiping gods and ancestors at the beginning and end of the Yin and Shang Dynasties, and is associated with religion, sacrifices, celebrations, gatherings, etc. The traditional Spring Festival has various legends about the "Nian" beast, the creation of the calendar for ten thousand years, staying up late for the New Year, pasting Spring Festival couplets, admiring ice lanterns, etc. , watching operas, having Lantern Festival and other customs; there are food customs such as Laba porridge, rice cakes, dumplings, Yuanxiao, spring cakes, etc.; there are also customs such as not sweeping the floor, not going through the back door, not beating or scolding children, and wishing each other all the best in the new year on the first day of the new year...< /p>

2. Purpose of the activity:

Understand the customs of the Spring Festival and Christmas

Understand the origins of the Spring Festival and Christmas

Understand the Chinese culture and Differences in Western Festival Culture

3. Activity Forms

1. Understand that the Chinese New Year is the most solemn and grand traditional festival of the Chinese nation, and it is also the day that every Chinese child looks forward to most. Understand the unique charm of Christmas in Western culture, allowing students to have a more comprehensive understanding of New Year and Christmas-related knowledge, from celebrating the New Year in form to approaching the New Year and studying the New Year, looking for differences between Chinese and Western cultures, and then understanding the Spring Festival and Christmas The origin, etiquette and related customs.

2. Visit, investigate, and visit supermarkets, jewelry stores, holiday gift houses, etc., and search for relevant information online to cultivate students' ability to collect and organize information and analyze and solve problems based on the information.

3. Be able to use information technology to collect information about the Spring Festival and Christmas. Develop students' ability to process, summarize and apply collected information.

4. Be able to clearly express your research findings and feelings, and be able to present your research results in a certain form.

4. Activity process

Activity preparation:

1. Before the activity, contact relevant personnel to teach the mythical origins, customs and other related knowledge of the Spring Festival and Christmas< /p>

2. Prepare some knowledge about the Spring Festival and Christmas in Chinese and Western countries (sources include books and the Internet).

3. Students prepare various materials (including short stories, pictures, etc.)

4. Prepare some equipment needed for outdoor activities, such as cameras, etc.

The first stage: Determine the theme of the activity and formulate plans in groups

1. Through the topic class, students discussed the general topic of the study "Spring Festival and Christmas Folklore" and the three themes of the study: "Spring Festival and Christmas Folklore" "The Origin of Christmas", "Customs of Spring Festival and Christmas", "Differences between Chinese and Western Cultures".

2. Students can freely combine according to their favorite topics, allocate personnel, and select group leaders. Then the team leader will lead the activity, clarify the activity goals, tasks and requirements, and formulate an activity plan.

The second stage: activity implementation stage

1. Conduct surveys, interviews, picture collection, and find information in groups; conduct on-site inspections; analyze the survey results and carefully analyze the information obtained from the activities Keep good records. The leaders of each group are responsible for the division of labor (the interview methods include: on-site visits, telephone interviews, etc., and the subjects appropriately cover the three age groups of old, middle and young, and the team members keep records according to the interview situation)

< p>2. Focus on communication and cooperative exploration. Each group discussed their experiences and problems encountered during the activities. Learn from the experience of the event and exchanges between group members and adjust your approach.

3. Organize information and form opinions.

1. The legend of the Spring Festival

According to reports, it is said that in ancient China there was a monster called "Nian" with long tentacles on its head and it was extremely ferocious. "Nian" lives deep on the bottom of the sea all year round, only climbing ashore every New Year's Eve to devour livestock and harm people. Therefore, every New Year's Eve, people in villages and villages help the old and young to flee to the mountains to avoid the harm of the "Nian" beast.

On New Year's Eve this year, people in Taohua Village were helping the elderly and young to take refuge in the mountains. An old man begging came from outside the village. He was holding a cane, a bag on his arm, a silver beard flowing, and eyes like Long star. Some of the villagers sealed the windows and locked the doors, some packed their bags, some drove the cattle and sheep, and people were shouting and neighing everywhere, creating a scene of rush and panic. At this time, who still has the heart to take care of this old man begging.

Only an old woman in the east of the village gave the old man some food and advised him to go up the mountain quickly to avoid the "Nian" beast. The old man stroked his beard and said with a smile: "If my mother-in-law lets me stay at home all night, I will definitely drive the "Nian" beast away." The old woman was shocked and looked closely, and saw that he had white hair, a childish face, a strong spirit, and an extraordinary bearing. But she still continued to persuade, and the old beggar smiled and said nothing. The mother-in-law had no choice but to leave her home and take refuge in the mountains.

At midnight, the "Nian" beast broke into the village. It found that the atmosphere in the village was different from previous years: at the east end of the village, the old woman lived in her husband's house, with red paper on the door and brightly lit candles in the house. The "Nian" beast trembled all over and screamed strangely. "Nian" glared at her mother-in-law's house for a moment, then screamed and rushed towards her. As he approached the door, there was a sudden "bang bang bang bang" explosion in the courtyard. "Nian" trembled all over and did not dare to move forward. It turns out that "Nian" is most afraid of the color red, fire and explosions. At this time, the door of my mother-in-law's house opened wide, and an old man wearing a red robe was seen laughing in the courtyard. "Nian" turned pale with fright and ran away in embarrassment.

The next day was the first day of the first lunar month. People who had returned from the refuge were surprised to see that the village was safe and sound. At this time, the old woman suddenly realized and hurriedly told the villagers about the beggar's promise to the old man. The villagers rushed to my mother-in-law's house. They saw red paper on the door of her house, a pile of unburned bamboos in the yard were still popping, and a few red candles in the house were still glowing... They were delighted. To celebrate the auspicious arrival, the crazy villagers put on new clothes and hats one after another, and went to the homes of relatives and friends to say hello. This incident quickly spread in the surrounding villages, and people all knew how to drive away the "Nian" beast.

2. Spring Festival customs

Dust sweeping

"On the twenty-fourth day of the twelfth lunar month, dust and sweep the house." Whenever the Spring Festival comes, every household must clean the environment and clean the house. Various utensils, including removing and washing bedding and curtains, sweeping the Liulv courtyard, dusting away dirt and cobwebs, and dredging open ditches and ditches. Everywhere is filled with the joyful atmosphere of doing hygiene and welcoming the New Year cleanly.

Spring couplets

Spring couplets are also called door pairs, spring posts, couplets, couplets, peach charms, etc. They describe the background of the times and express good wishes with neat, dual, concise and exquisite words. , is a unique literary form in my country. Every Spring Festival, every household, whether in urban or rural areas, selects a red Spring Festival couplet and pastes it on the door to add a festive atmosphere to the festival.

Pasting window grilles and pasting the word "福" upside down

In the folk, people also like to put various paper-cuts - window grilles - on their windows. Window grilles not only enhance the festive atmosphere, but also integrate decoration, appreciation and practicality.

New Year pictures

Hanging New Year pictures during the Spring Festival is also very common in urban and rural areas. The thick black and colorful New Year pictures add a lot of prosperity and joy to thousands of households. New Year pictures are an ancient folk art in my country, reflecting the people's simple customs and beliefs and reposing their hopes for the future.

Keeping the year old on New Year's Eve is one of the most important annual customs. The custom of keeping the year old has been around for a long time. The earliest record can be found in the "Fengtu Zhi" of Zhouchu in the Western Jin Dynasty: On New Year's Eve, each person greets each other with gifts, which is called "giving the new year"; "Dividing the year old"; everyone stays up all night waiting for dawn, which is called "keeping the year old".

Firecrackers

There is a Chinese folk saying of "opening firecrackers". That is to say, when the New Year arrives, the first thing every household does when they open the door is to set off firecrackers to ward off the old and welcome the new with the beeping sound of firecrackers. Firecrackers are a specialty of China, also known as "firecrackers", "firecrackers" and "firecrackers".

3. The origin of Christmas

The main commemorative activities on December 25 are related to the legend of the birth of Jesus. There is a story about the birth of Jesus. Jesus was conceived by the Holy Spirit and born of the virgin Mary. God even sent the messenger Gabriel to tell Joseph in a dream, telling him not to reject Mary because she was pregnant out of wedlock, but to marry her and name the child "Jesus", which meant that he would turn the people away from their sins. rescued. When Mary was about to give birth, the Roman government issued an order that all people must go to Bethlehem to declare their household registration. Joseph and Mary had no choice but to obey. When they arrived in Bethlehem, it was already dark. Unfortunately, they could not find a hotel to stay, and there was only a stable for temporary accommodation. At this moment, Jesus is going to be born! So Mary gave birth to Jesus in a manger. In order to commemorate the birth of Jesus, later generations designated December 25th as Christmas, and celebrated mass every year to commemorate the birth of Jesus. Christmas commemorates the birth of Jesus on December 25th, but no one knows the actual birth date.

In the 19th century, with the popularity of Christmas cards and the appearance of Santa Claus, Christmas also became popular.

4. Christmas customs

Christmas tree

The Christmas tree (Christmas tree) is one of the most famous traditions in Christmas celebrations. Usually around Christmas people bring an evergreen plant such as a pine tree indoors or outdoors and decorate it with Christmas lights and colorful decorations. And place an angel or star on top of the tree.

A fir or pine evergreen tree decorated with lights and decorations as part of the Christmas celebrations. Modern Christmas trees originated in Germany. On December 24th every year, which is the Day of Adam and Eve, the Germans decorate a fir tree (the Tree of Eden) at home and hang cookies on it to symbolize holy bread (the symbol of Christian atonement). In modern times, various cookies have been used instead of holy wafers, and candles symbolizing Christ are often added. In addition, there is a Christmas Tower indoors, which is a wooden triangular structure with many small racks for placing statues of Christ. The tower is decorated with evergreen branches, candles and a star. By the 16th century, the Christmas Tower and the Garden of Eden Tree merged into the Christmas Tree.

This custom was popular among German Lutherans in the 18th century, but it was not until the 19th century that it became popular nationwide and became a deeply rooted tradition in Germany. In the early 19th century, the Christmas tree was introduced to the United Kingdom; in the mid-19th century, Queen Victoria's husband, the German prince Albert, popularized it. The Victorian Christmas tree is decorated with candles, candies and colorful pastries and hung from the branches with ribbons and paper chains. Christmas trees were brought to North America by German immigrants as early as the 17th century and became widely popular in the 19th century. It is also popular in Austria, Switzerland, Poland and the Netherlands. In China and Japan, Christmas trees were introduced by American missionaries in the 19th and 20th centuries, and were often decorated with colorful paper flowers.

In Western countries, Christmas is also a holiday for family reunion and celebration, and a Christmas tree is usually displayed at home. In the West, regardless of whether you are a Christian or not, you must prepare a Christmas tree during Christmas to increase the joyful atmosphere of the holiday. Christmas trees are usually made of evergreen trees such as fir and cypress, symbolizing eternal life. The tree is decorated with various lights, colorful flowers, toys, stars, and various Christmas gifts. On Christmas night, people sing and dance around the Christmas tree and enjoy themselves.

Christmas Cards

Christmas cards (Christmas cards) are very popular in the United States and Europe and are one of the ways to maintain relationships with distant relatives and friends. Many families bring annual family photos or family news with the greeting cards. The news usually includes the merits and specialties of family members in the past year.

Christmas socks

In the past, they were a pair of large red socks, of any size. Because Christmas stockings are used to hold gifts, they are children's favorite thing. They will hang their socks by their bed at night, waiting to receive gifts the next morning.

Santa hat

It is a red hat. It is said that when you wear it to sleep at night, in addition to sleeping peacefully and a little warm, you will also find that there is a little extra in the hat the next day. A gift from a loved one. It is the protagonist of the carnival night. No matter where you go, you will see all kinds of Santa hats.

Religious celebrations begin with Advent/Advent. Advent is a celebration of the expected birth of Christ around the end of November. During Advent, the church will have special activities or ceremonies. Generally, they include Advent carols are celebrated during this period using the Advent calendar, during which candies and chocolates are also sent to children. Before Christmas, the church will arrange many Christmas activities in the church, and the choir will also sing Christmas songs in the church. . On Christmas Eve and Christmas Day, special events include Midnight Mass.

Other religious faiths will also celebrate their own winter celebrations during the Christmas holiday. The most obvious example is the Jewish Hanukkah. Today in the 21st century, family members have also begun to give each other gifts during Hanukkah. .

Christmas is also reasonably accepted by the Islamic world, because Jesus is also a prophet in Islam, and there is no reason to be refused to celebrate his birth. The secular celebration of Christmas is very important to Western countries. It has become very common among Muslims.

5. Differences between Chinese and Western festival cultures

1. Food culture: rich and exquisite

Chinese people’s diet during the Spring Festival mainly eats New Year’s Eve dinner (big fish, Big meat, etc.), eating dumplings, eating rice cakes, etc. Foreigners mainly eat Christmas dinner (mainly turkey and goose) on Christmas Day.

China’s New Year’s Eve dinner is the last meal of the year and also the most sumptuous meal. Generally, families start preparing the food for the New Year's Eve dinner early, such as castrated chicken, duck, fish, etc. When it's time to eat, everyone sits around a large round table. The table is filled with various dishes, placed high and low, at random. Whether there are rich or poor people, it seems that the more dishes, the more festive it is. During the banquet, wine is also served to the elders, and some dishes, such as fish, must be left at the end, which means there will be more than enough every year. Often when everyone is full, there is still a table of food left. The traditional Christmas dinner was roasted pig and ham in the earliest days, and later turkey and salmon. In short, it is mainly meat. In addition to eating meat, Christmas dinner must also include red wine. The other part is desserts, such as cookies, cakes, etc. Everyone sat around a long Western-style table and shared meals. After finishing the meal, one dish was served after another without any waste.

From the comparison of the food and the way people eat at "New Year's Eve Dinner" and "Christmas Dinner", Chinese people eat lively and richly, and pay more attention to the people and people at the table. Communication between people, not the food itself. Foreigners eat in a more civilized and refined way, which may also be the inheritance of the upper class society’s emphasis on food throughout the ages.

2. Etiquette culture: tradition and romance

China's New Year's Eve is just a family reunion. Generally, outsiders are not invited, and it is often a reunion day for male family members. Even the most intimate friends are too wise to intrude on other people's family dinners on this night. There are also stipulations on the dates: on the first day of the lunar month, we will pay homage to our family members, on the second day of the lunar month, we will pay homage to our parents-in-law, and on the third day of the lunar month, relatives and friends will begin to worship each other. This has almost become a custom, with a history of several thousand years at least.

Christmas in the West is different. The night before it is Christmas Eve, and Santa Claus will come on this night to bring gifts and good wishes to everyone. This night is also a time for family reunion like the Chinese. The difference is that friends and even foreign friends are often invited to this annual festival. If it's New Year's Eve, when the New Year's bell rings, people cheer for joy and can't help but run to the streets and hug people they see, regardless of whether they know them or not.

From the different ways of socializing between Chinese and foreigners during the festival, we feel that the Spring Festival is a family-style communication activity where the family mainly eats. At Christmas, people's interactions should be open and generous. Reform and opening up has broadened horizons. People's social interactions have become more and more frequent. In addition to family, there is a broader social space. Christmas Eve provides a place for family and friends to gather. Western customs have supplemented the shortcomings of Chinese customs. We think this This is probably why young people like to celebrate "foreign festivals" such as Christmas.

The third stage: summary stage

Display results, communicate and share, and organize evaluation. Under the guidance of the teacher, members of each group further screened and sorted out the information obtained during the activities to form a first-class knowledge, submitted investigation reports in written form, and summarized their own experiences in the activities. Members of each group share and present their results to classmates in different ways. Finally, the teacher and classmates evaluated the activity together.

5. Thoughts on the event

Through this event, more students can understand the Spring Festival culture and Christmas culture, appreciate the charm of Chinese and Western cultures, understand the differences between Chinese and Western cultural festivals, and let We love our festival, the Spring Festival, even more. The festival provides people with a fair world of mutual communication and understanding, conveys some of the cultural knowledge shared by this nation and its cognitive way of observing life and understanding the world, and fully demonstrates a national culture and values. Archetype of consciousness. China's traditional national festivals have a long history and generally belong to year-round festivals. Most of the ancient festivals of the Han people are determined according to the rhythm of the intersection of the seasons of heaven and earth. The Spring Festival is related to the rotation of the twenty-four solar terms in China. It is related to the Chinese nation's life philosophy of "life is called change".

Christmas is a traditional Christian festival that celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ in the Bible. However, with the passage of time and the mutual absorption and collision of various cultures during the development process, Christmas has become less religious and has evolved into a festive and carnival holiday that everyone can consider.

In fact, whether it is a Chinese festival or a foreign festival, its essence is the people's expectation for a happy life. Chinese people celebrate Christmas spontaneously, simply hoping for more happy moments in their lives. From this point of view, it has natural rationality.

What's more, the joy and peace contained in Christmas, the yearning for happiness and blessings for others, are actually in line with the spirit of the Chinese New Year.

Please adopt if you are satisfied~