Global total population

World population refers to the total population of the world (earth) at a certain moment. According to the US Census Bureau, as of 20 13, 1.4, there are 7.057 billion people in the world. According to the data of the US Census Bureau, the global population exceeded 7 billion in March 20 12. According to the United Nations Population Fund, the global population will reach 7 billion in 20 1,1,3 1, 20 14 years. In 20 16, the world population reached 7262306342(72623 1 000).

Since the Black Death and the Great Famine in Europe in 1950s, the world population has been increasing. There were about 370 million people in the world at that time. Subsequently, due to factors such as war, the growth rate was sometimes fast and sometimes slow. After the end of World War II, from 1960s to 1950s, due to the decrease of factors (such as wars and famines) that caused the population growth to slow down, the world population growth rate obviously accelerated-exceeding 1.8% every year. This state continued until 1970. From 65438 to 0963, the world population increased by 2.2%, reaching a historical peak. Subsequently, with the development of economy, people's concept of fertility has changed, and the population growth rate has gradually declined. 20 1 1 The annual world population growth rate is about 1. 1%. It is estimated that by 2040, the world population will reach 8 billion.

Current forecasts show that the world population will continue to grow in the coming decades. However, it is difficult to estimate the decline of birth rate and other factors, so it is impossible to get a specific value. It can only be concluded that in 2050, the world population will be between 7.5 billion and 654.38+005 billion, depending on the rate of birth rate decline. In the long run, it is estimated that the world population will stop growing and decline slowly from 2050 to 2 150. At the same time, some analysts are also worried about the sustainability of population growth.

Chinese name

World population

Foreign name

World population

explain

The total population of the world at a certain moment.

World population

7,727.23 billion (2065,438+August 2009)

attribute

term

quick

navigate by water/air

Population 7 billion

Live in a slum

Specific data

Population history

Sparse region

Top ten cities

A country with hundreds of millions of people.

population density

Distribution characteristics

Development problem

Future population

population explosion

Growth situation

The population problem has attracted more and more attention from the international community. Since 1954, the United Nations has held many world population conferences. The third International Conference on Population and Development was held in Cairo from September 5 to September 3, 1994. More than 5000 delegates from 182 countries and regions attended the meeting. This conference is the first time to link population issues with sustainable development. At last, the meeting adopted the Programme of Action, calling on all countries to strengthen cooperation in the field of population and development and solve the common problems facing mankind. 1From June 30 to July 2, 1999, the United Nations held a special session on population and development, which once again recognized the importance of solving the population problem from the strategic height of population and economy, society, resources, environment and sustainable development.

World population density

According to the World Population Report published by the United Nations Population Fund in London on July 1995, the total population of the world is 5.7 billion. There are 960 million illiterate people, two thirds of whom are women and 1∕3 are children. It is speculated that the annual growth of the global population will remain above 86 million. The world population will reach 71-7.8 billion in 2065, 438+0.58 billion in 2025 and 9.4 billion in 2050. According to scientists' analysis, the world population will reach its peak in 2080, reaching 654.38+0.06 billion, and then gradually decline, reaching 654.38+0.035 billion by the end of 2654.38+0.

Population 7 billion

According to the forecast of the United Nations Population Fund, the world population will reach 7 billion by 201year1October 30. It is reported that the demographic method of the United Nations is the "gold standard", but experts question the accuracy of its inference. The United Nations Population Fund uses the "gold standard" to predict the 8 billionth population in 2025 and the 0 billionth population before 2 100, with an error of less than 1%. However, analysts say that this error can advance or postpone the birth of the 7 billionth population by half a year under the action of a large base.

On that day, many countries will wait for "7 billion babies" in the delivery room and prepare to hold activities to commemorate this day. However, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said that he was not prepared to embrace "7 billion babies" because "he or she was born in a contradictory world", a world where "there is enough food, but 6,543.8 billion people go hungry every day". Ban Ki-moon said in his speech a few days ago: "This is not a story of numbers, it is a story about human beings. 7 billion people mean more food, more energy, more employment and education opportunities, more rights and more freedom, so that they can reproduce. " Danica Camacho was born in a hospital in Manila, the capital of the Philippines, and was surrounded by the spotlight of the media two minutes before the zero of 3 1. She will be one of the few babies in the world who have been declared as the symbol of the world's 7 billionth population.

Senior UN officials went to the Philippines to visit the baby and its parents, and gave Danica a small cake as a gift. In addition, the Camachos also received various gifts from local donors, including donations to Danica and the cost of helping the family open a grocery store.

Philippine Health Minister Ona said that the birth of the world's 7 billionth population has brought the Philippines an opportunity to examine the population problem. It is reported that as of 20 14, the Philippines is the most populous country in the world, ranking 12 and population 1 100 million. China and India still occupy the first two seats.

Live in a slum

Back to199965438+1October 12, Kofi Annan, then Secretary-General of the United Nations, "designated" the Bosnian baby Mevic as the 6 billionth person in the world. The baby now lives in a slum in Sarajevo.

According to United Nations statistics, it took more than a century for the world population to grow from 1 billion to 2 billion, and it took 32 years for it to grow from 2 billion to 3 billion. Starting from 1987, it will increase by 1 100 million every 12 years.

The latest report of the United Nations, World Population Prospects: Revised Edition 20 15, predicts that the world population will reach 7.3 billion in 2030, 9.7 billion in 2050 and 211200 million. Among them, developing regions, especially Africa, have the fastest growth. India will become the most populous country in 2022, and Nigeria will surpass the United States in 2050. The population growth rate of all countries in the world will decrease and the proportion of the elderly population will increase.

Wu Hongbo, Under-Secretary-General for Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations, said that it is very important for designing and implementing the new development agenda to understand the future demographic changes and the challenges and opportunities they bring to the realization of sustainable development.

First, the world population ranking shuffled. The report shows that China and India are still the most populous countries in the world, accounting for 19% and 18% of the world's total population respectively. By 2022, the population of India is expected to surpass that of China. At present, among the countries with a population of 10 in the world, Asia occupies five seats, namely China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan and Bangladesh, and the other five countries are the United States, Nigeria, Mexico, Brazil and Russia. Among them, Nigeria ranks seventh in population, and it is also the country with the fastest population growth at present. It is estimated that it will surpass the United States and become the third largest country in the world by 2050. By 2050, there will be six countries with a population of over 300 million, including Indonesia, Nigeria and Pakistan. The National Health Planning Commission announced on 20 16 that the population of China will exceed1380 million in 2050. (India) The unknown population will definitely be more than it is now.

The report shows that the main force of world population growth comes from African countries with high fertility rate and some populous countries. From 20 15 to 2050, half of the world's new population will come from nine countries, namely India, Nigeria, Pakistan, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Tanzania, United States, Indonesia and Uganda.

Second, Africa has become the continent with the fastest population growth. Due to the high birth rate, it is estimated that from 20 15 to 2050, the new population in Africa will account for more than half of the new population in the world. During this period, the population of 28 countries in Africa will double. By 2 100, the population of 10 African countries is expected to increase fivefold, namely Angola, Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Malawi, Mali, Niger, Somalia, Uganda, Tanzania and Zambia.

Third, the world population growth rate has declined. As the overall global birth rate drops, so does the world population growth rate. Because the fertility behavior has not changed much, the future population growth rate is mainly based on the birth rate. Different birth rates can affect the population distribution for decades. In recent years, the birth rate has dropped significantly all over the world, even in Africa, where the birth rate is high.

Fourth, the aging population is growing rapidly. As the population growth rate decreases due to the decline in birth rate, the proportion of the elderly population increases. The global population over 60 will double in 2050 and triple in 2 100. In the next few decades, most parts of the world will face a substantial increase in the proportion of the elderly population. By 2050, the proportion of people over 60 in Europe will increase to 34%. The proportion of people over 60 in Latin America, the Caribbean and Asia will increase from the current 1 1% to 12%, and will exceed 25% by 2050. Africa has the highest proportion of young people, but the population is aging rapidly, and the proportion of people over 60 will increase from the current 5% to 9%. [ 1]

Specific data

There are about 200 countries and regions in the world, among which there are 1 3 countries with a population over1billion. They are China, India, USA, Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Russia, Nigeria, Bangladesh, Japan, Mexico, Philippines and Ethiopia. The population of these 13 countries has reached 4.35 billion, accounting for 63. 15438+0% of the world's total population.

Africa's population is growing too fast.

Uneven distribution of the world's population Due to the differences in natural environment and economic development level among countries in the world, the geographical distribution of the population is unbalanced. The spatial distribution of the world population is divided into densely populated areas, sparsely populated areas and basically underdeveloped areas without population. According to statistics, the most densely populated area on the earth accounts for about 7% of the land area, but it has 70% of the world's population, and more than 90% of the world's population is concentrated in 10% of the land. The population distribution of different continents is also very different. Europe and Asia account for about 32.2% of the total land area of the earth. However, the population of the two continents accounts for 75.2% of the world's total population. Especially in Asia, where 60% of the world's population lives. Africa, North America and Latin America account for about half of the world's land area, but their population is less than 1/4 of the world's total population. Oceania is vast and sparsely populated. So far, there are no permanent residents in Antarctica. Europe and Asia have the highest population density, with an average of more than 90 people per square kilometer, while Africa, Latin America and North America have an average of less than 20 people per square kilometer. Oceania has the lowest population density, with an average of only 2.5 people per square kilometer. There are also obvious differences in the distribution of world population according to latitude and height: the mid-latitude zone in the northern hemisphere is the concentrated distribution area of world population, with nearly 80% of the world population distributed between 20 and 60 north latitude, while the population in the southern hemisphere only accounts for more than 1 1% of the world population; The vertical distribution of the world's population is also unbalanced. More than 55% of the population lives in low-lying areas below 200 meters above sea level, and the land area is less than 28%. With the trend of productivity concentrated in coastal areas, the population will also be concentrated in coastal areas. The proportion of population in coastal areas within 200 kilometers from the coast of each continent has obviously exceeded its area proportion, and the trend of population growth in coastal areas will continue to develop.

The World Population Report 20 10 predicts that by 2050, the world population will exceed 9 billion, and the number of countries with population exceeding 100 million will increase to 17, and India will replace China as the world's most populous country. The report shows that by 2050, the world population will increase to 91.50 billion, an increase of 222,438+0 billion. Among them, the population of Africa will increase from 65.438+033 billion to 65.438+098.5 billion, and the population of Asia with the largest increase will also increase greatly, from 46.5438+067 billion to 5.232 billion; The population of Europe will be reduced from 733 million to 696.5438+0 billion, making it the only continent with a reduced population. The report shows that there are 1 1 countries with a population of over 100 million in the world. Among them, China has the largest population, reaching 65.438+35.4 million, followed by India, with a population of 65.438+0.265.438+50 million. Other countries with a population over 1 100 million include the United States, Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nigeria, Russia, Japan and Mexico. The report predicts that by 2050, the population of Congo (DRC), Egypt, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Philippines and Vietnam in Asia will also exceed 1 100 million. By then, the population of India will increase to161400 million, making it the most populous country in the world; The population of China will increase to 1, 41.70 million, ranking second. The total population of the world is 6.909 billion, of which only 65.438+23.7 billion people live in more developed areas.

Population history

Ancient population

According to modern analysis, human beings encountered a population bottleneck around 70,000 BC. The reason may be the catastrophe caused by the large volcanic eruption of Doga Lake in northern Sumatra, Indonesia. Since then, the total population of the world has been stagnant for a long time at around one million, and everyone lives on hunting and gathering, so the population cannot grow rapidly. This situation lasted until eleven thousand BC, when people began to develop agriculture. Before that, the world population never exceeded150,000.

When people began to develop agriculture on a large scale, the world population growth rate accelerated. In 8000 BC, there were 5 million people in the world; In 1 year, there were about 200 million people in the world. By the 4th century, about 50 million people lived in the Roman Empire alone.

However, due to the influence of plague and war, the growth of the world population fluctuated. Take Europe as an example. Compared with 54 1, the plague in Justinian reduced the population of Europe by about half in the eighth century. Then the population of Europe increased to 1340, and the population of Europe was about 70 million. /kloc-The Black Death, which mainly occurred in Europe in the 4th century, reduced the world population from about 450 million in 1340 to about 350 million to 375 million in 1400. It took Europe about 200 years to recover to the population level of 1340. In China, another populous country, the population also experienced great fluctuations due to the change of dynasties. According to estimates, there are about 65 million people in China in 1393, which is about half of 12001230,000. Mainly because of the long-term war between Song and Yuan. 1368 when the Ming dynasty was founded, the population of China was about 60 million. By the end of the Ming Dynasty 1644, the population had increased to about1500,000.

1650 The population of Britain will reach 5.6 million. And 1500 is 2.6 million. /kloc-The colonial tide in Europe in the 0 th and 6 th centuries also promoted the growth of the world population, because colonists often spread more advanced colonial crops (such as corn and sweet potatoes) to other regions to increase food production.

1500 The population of America (including North America and South America) is about 50 million to 1 100 million. Before Columbus discovered America, there were about 2 million to18 million people in North America. However, Europeans have brought some infectious diseases to North America that native people have never encountered before. Because the local people have not yet established immunity to these diseases, it is estimated that 90% of North American aborigines died of infectious diseases at that time.

Modern population

With the development of agricultural revolution and industrial revolution, people's living standards have improved, the mortality rate has decreased, the infant survival rate has greatly improved, and the average life expectancy has also been extended. Take Britain as an example. 1730- 1749, 74.5% of children in Britain died before the age of five. At 18 10- 1829, the figure dropped to 3 1.8%. From 1700, the population of Europe began to rise sharply, reaching 400 million in 1900, quadrupling that in 1700. 1900, the population of Europe accounted for about 36% of the world population.

/kloc-in the 0/9th century, western countries have implemented compulsory vaccination, medical and health equipment has been popularized in these places, and the population growth rate of western countries has also been rising. The population of Britain doubles every fifty years. 180 1 year, there are 8.3 million people in Britain; 190 1 year, the population increased to 30.5 million; There were more than 60 million people in 2006. The population of the United States has also increased from 5.3 million in 1800 to 1920. In 20 10, the population of the United States exceeded 307 million.

The population of the Soviet Union experienced great ups and downs in the early and mid-20th century. As the war continued, by the end of World War II in 1945, the Soviet Union had lost about 90 million people. Subsequently, the population of the Soviet Union grew steadily, but since the disintegration of the Soviet Union in the 1990s, the population of Russia has stagnated. In 20 12 years, Russia had1430,000, which was lower than1991480,000. If the population development remains unchanged, it will drop to1070,000 in 2050.

After the Second World War, as the world entered a period of relative peace, the level of science and technology and medical care continued to improve, and the population of many developing countries grew very rapidly. These countries mainly come from Asia, Africa and Latin America. Take China as an example. 1850 There were about 430 million people in the Qing Dynasty, and 1953 had about 580 million people in the early days of the People's Republic of China. Despite the constant wars, the population has increased by 65.438+0.5 billion since 100. Since 1950s, the population of China has also increased rapidly. The census of 1982 shows that the population of China has exceeded one billion. Today, the population of China exceeds1300 million. The huge population forced the China government to implement the family planning policy to slow down the population growth. India, the second most populous country in the world, has about 654.38+25 million people in 1750, and it reaches 389 million people in 194 1 year. At present, the population of India exceeds 654.38+02 billion. The population of Java Island in Indonesia has increased from 5 million in 18 15 to1300,000 at present. The population of Mexico increased from130,000 in 900 to120,000 in 2009. The population of Kenya in Africa has also increased from 2.9 million in 1920 to more than 37 million at present.

In the 2nd/kloc-0th century, with the improvement of economic and educational level in many developing countries, the population growth in these countries showed signs of slowing down. This is mainly reflected in the decline of birth rate, and the resulting aging trend and mortality rate. In some developed countries (such as Japan and Russia), the population has begun to decrease gradually.

Population milestone

It is estimated that the world will exceed180.4 billion people. Then 1927 exceeded 2 billion years 123 years or so; Then it broke through the 3 billion mark at 1960, which took only 33 years; 1974, it took 14 for the world population to exceed 4 billion; 13 exceeded 5 billion1987; 12 exceeded 6 billion1999; According to United Nations data, the world population exceeded 7 billion in June of 20 1 1 year; According to the US Census Bureau, the global population exceeded 7 billion in 20 12, and it took about 13 years to reach the milestone of 1999.

Sparse region

Some countries in the world are limited by geographical conditions, or have relatively small populations but relatively large land areas. The population distribution is very sparse, even only 0.026 people per square kilometer.

ageing of the population

Greenland

The total population is about 56,900 people, covering an area of 2175,600 square kilometers, with an average of 0.026 people per square kilometer. Greenland is an ice-covered island between the Arctic Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean, located in the northeast of Canada. It is the largest island in the world and an autonomous province of Denmark. Greenland is bigger than Alaska in the United States and comparable to Saudi Arabia, with ice resources of 2.85 million cubic kilometers and a total population of less than 57,000.

Falkland Islands/Malvinas Islands (dispute between Britain and Argentina)

The total population is 3060, covering an area of 65438+2 173 square kilometers, with an average population of 0.25 per square kilometer.

A crowded station

The Falkland Islands, located in the southern Atlantic Ocean, consists of two main islands and 776 small islands, 480 kilometers from the coast of Argentina. It is an overseas autonomous region of Britain. It is the size of Connecticut or Northern Ireland, with a population of only 3,060 and 583,000 sheep on the island.

Western Sahara

The total population is 440,000, covering an area of 266,000 square kilometers, with an average of 1.3 people per square kilometer. Western Sahara is located in northern Africa, bordering Morocco in the north, Algeria in the northeast, Mauritania in the east and south, and the Atlantic Ocean in the west. Morocco and the Frente Polisario have disputed territorial control over the area. Its area is equivalent to Colorado or New Zealand in the United States, with a total population of 440,000. This area is rich in sandy soil, but short of water.

Mongolia

The total population is 2,646,500, with an area of 1.564 1.000 square kilometers, with an average of 1.7 people per square kilometer.

A crowded station

Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia, located between China and Russia. It is the second largest landlocked country in the world (next to Kazakhstan), with an area equivalent to Quebec or Iran and a total population of 2.6 million.

Guyana

Total population 187000, covering an area of 90000 square kilometers, with an average of 2. 1 person per square kilometer. French Guiana is located on the east coast of South America, bordering Suriname in the west, Brazil in the southwest and the Atlantic Ocean in the north. French Guiana, like other overseas affiliated regions, belongs to one of the 26 regions in France, equivalent to Maine or Portugal in the United States, with a total population of 1.87 million. There is a space launch site of the European Space Agency.

Namibia

The total population is 20310.2 million, covering an area of 824,300 square kilometers, with an average of 2.5 people per square kilometer.

Namibia is located in the southwest of Africa, bordering the Atlantic Ocean in the west, South Africa in the south, Botswana in the east and Angola in the north. Its area is equivalent to Pakistan, with a total population of 2.03 million, and it is a serious epidemic area of AIDS.

Australia

The total population is 210.05 million, covering an area of 7,682,300 square kilometers, with an average of 2.6 people per square kilometer.

Australia is located in the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, covering an area equivalent to 48 states of the United States and twice the territory of European Union countries. Two thirds of the population lives in five major coastal cities.

Suriname

The total population is 449,200, with an area of 6.5438+0.638 million square kilometers, with an average of 2.7 people per square kilometer.

Suriname is a country in the north of South America, bordering Guyana in the west, Brazil in the south, French Guyana in the east and the Atlantic Ocean in the north. Its area is equivalent to Wisconsin or Tunisia, with a population of nearly 450,000. Compared with other countries in similar areas, its residents use many languages.

Iceland

The total population is 309,700, with an area of 6.5438+0.03 million square kilometers, with an average of 3 people per square kilometer.

Iceland is an island country in northern Europe, which lies between the North Atlantic, continental Europe and Greenland. Its area is equivalent to Kentucky or former East Germany, and its population is only 300,000, among which the elderly account for a large proportion.

Mauritania

The total population is 3,068,700, with an area of/kloc-0 1.0255 million square kilometers, with an average of 3 people per square kilometer.

The Islamic Republic of Mauritania is located in the northwest of Africa, bordering the Atlantic Ocean in the west, Senegal in the southwest, Mali in the east and southeast, and Algeria in the northeast. It is the size of Ontario, Canada, but has a population of only 3 million.

Top ten cities

Tokyo

Tokyo

35.53 million people, with a built-up area of 6,993 square kilometers; Tokyo has a population of12.82 million and an area of 2 155 square kilometers. Tokyo has a population of 8 1.3 million and an area of 650 square kilometers.

Mexico City

Population19.24 million, built-up area of 2,072 square kilometers, and GDP in 2005 was 3150 billion USD. The population of this area is 8.23 million.

The original name of MUMBAI

654.38+088.4 thousand people, with a built-up area of 500 square kilometers; The population of this area is 9.93 million.

Mexico City

New York

The population is 6.5438+0.865 million, and the built-up area is 8,000 square kilometers. In 2005, the GDP was 65.438+065.438+03.3 billion US dollars. The area has a population of 8 million and an area of 945 square kilometers.

Sao Paulo

186 10000 population, covering an area of 2,300 square kilometers, and its GDP in 2005 was $225 billion; The population of the whole region is100000, and the area is 1624 square kilometers.

Seoul

654.38+0.7 million population, covering an area of 654.38+0.049 square kilometers, and the GDP in 2005 was 265.438+0.8 billion US dollars (only in the region); The population of the whole region is/kloc-0.023 million, covering an area of 605 square kilometers.

Sao Paulo

New Delhi

Population160,000, area 1295 square kilometers, and GDP in 2005 was 93 billion US dollars. The population of this area is 7.2 million.

KOLKATA's original name

Population14.57 million, with an area of 53 1 square kilometer. In 2005, the gross domestic product was 94 billion US dollars. The population of this area is 4.39 million.

Jakarta

13.67 million population, 1360 square kilometers, with a GDP of 98 billion US dollars in 2005; The region has a population of 9.37 million and an area of 650 square kilometers.

New Delhi

Shanghai

25 million people, 9 10 square kilometers, and the GDP in 2005 was 9143.9 million yuan; Shanghai has a population of18.5 million, covering an area of 6,340 square kilometers. The whole area is 6 10 square kilometers, and the population is 82 10/00000.

A country with hundreds of millions of people.

Population unit:

China: 1.40005 billion (20 19) [2]

India: 65.438+324 billion (2065.438+09)

United States: 330 million (20 19) [3]

Indonesia: 262 million (20 19)

Brazil: 208.6 million (20 17)

Pakistan: 1.97

Nigeria 1.822(20 16)

Bangladesh: 1.6(20 16)

Russia:1.441(2016)

Japan: 1.27

Mexico 1.27(20 16)

Philippines: 1.007

Ethiopia: 1.024(20 16)

(Data from the United Nations Population Division)

population density

The following areas include inland waters (lakes, ponds and rivers). Statistical date: 20 1 1 July.

Ranked continent (continent)/country/region population area (square kilometer) average (person/square kilometer)

-

Worldwide (land only)

6,928, 198,253

148,940,000

46.5

-

Asia

4,000,60 1,258

43,8 10,589

9 1.3

-

Europe

728,389,000

10, 180,000

7 1.6

Spread out completely

Distribution characteristics

(1) The distribution of population growth is unbalanced in time and space: the time to double the population in this century is shortening; The growth rate varies greatly between continents and countries.

(2) The world's population is mainly concentrated in the northern hemisphere and the eastern hemisphere, and concentrated in the middle and low latitudes and coastal areas.

(3) World population structure: the population is aging rapidly. (white hair and waves)

(4) World population migration: large-scale population migration in modern times: Europe immigrated to America, Australia and New Zealand, Africa immigrated to America, and Asian countries immigrated.

(5) Population problem: the population is growing too fast, and the population is over-urbanized in the process of urbanization.

Development problem

According to scientists' earlier calculations, the earth can feed at most 654.38+0 billion to 654.38+0.5 billion residents. If the population growth is not controlled in time and effectively, the ideal of human sustainable development is likely to be difficult to realize.

A research report published by the United Nations in March 2005 said that in the past 50 years, the sustained growth of the world population and the continuous expansion of economic activities have caused great pressure on the earth's ecosystem. Human activities have brought negative impacts on 60% grasslands, forests, farmland, rivers and lakes on the earth. In recent decades, one-fifth of the corals and one-third of the mangroves on the earth have been destroyed, the diversity of animals and plants has decreased rapidly, and one-third of the species are on the verge of extinction.

The combination of population growth and other factors poses a severe challenge to the whole human society. Take water resources as an example. At least 1 1 billion people in the world have no access to safe drinking water, and 2.6 billion people lack basic sanitation facilities. Faced with the heavy population pressure, the ideals of human unity such as economic development, social progress and environmental protection are greatly threatened.

The population problem involves every member of the global village, and developed countries are no exception. The rapid growth of American population and the per capita consumption of resources and energy higher than the global average make people question the American-style development path. Other developed countries also have problems such as negative population growth and aging society. All these mean that both developing countries and developed countries need to attach great importance to population issues and formulate scientific population development strategies in line with their national conditions.

Future population

Generally speaking, the growth of the world population is gradually slowing down. However, due to too many unpredictable factors (such as the change of birth rate, potential war, etc. ), how many people in the future world will become more unpredictable. Different statistical methods will always get completely different results. Take the population forecast in 2050 as an example. At present, the conclusions drawn by different forecasting institutions are between 7.5 billion-105 billion. In 2009, the United Nations predicted that the world population would reach 9150 billion in 2050, but this figure was raised to 9.6 billion in 20 13. The US Census Bureau estimates that there will be about 9.25 billion people in the world in 2050. But these forecasts can only be used as a reference, because there are too many uncertainties in population forecasts. In some countries, the birth rate is falling faster than expected. Take China as an example. In the past few decades, the population growth rate of China was lower than expected, which led to the continuous downward adjustment of the United Nations forecast for the future population peak of China, from the initial population of more than 654.38+0.5 billion to less than 654.38+0.4 billion.

Judging from the situation of all continents, the population of Africa will continue to grow at a faster rate in the next few decades and become the main driving force for world population growth. The population of other continents except Europe will also increase greatly, and most developing countries will also experience large-scale urbanization, and a large number of people will gather in big cities.

In 2008, the United Nations predicted the population distribution of all continents (1 100 million people).

World Asia Africa Europe Latin America USA Canada Oceania

20 15

73.02

43.9 1 (60. 1%)

1 1.53 ( 15.8%)

7.34 ( 10. 1%)

6. 18 (8.5%)

3.68 (5.0%)

0.38 (0.5%)

2020

76.75

45.96 (59.9%)

12.76 ( 16.6%)

7.33 (9.6%)

6.46 (8.4%)

3.83 (5.0%)

0.40 (0.5%)

2025

80. 12

47.73 (59.6%)

14.00 ( 17.5%)

7.29 (9. 1%)

6.70 (8.4%)

3.98 (5.0%)

0.43 (0.5%)

Spread out completely

According to a new study led by the United Nations, the earth's population will continue to grow in this century, and it may reach 1 10 billion by 2 100. This is 2 billion more than previously thought, mainly due to the huge population growth in Africa. According to a new study published in the American journal Science, by the end of this century, the total population of Africa may triple, reaching 2 100, from about 65,438 billion to about 4 billion, because the fertility rate is still high, but the population situation in other parts of the world may not change much. According to research, by the end of this century, most developing countries, including China, will also face serious population aging. [4]

population explosion

In the past few decades, due to the progress of industrialization and food production technology, the birth rate has increased in most parts of the world, and the development of medical technology has led to a great decline in mortality, resulting in a rapid and massive increase in the world population. Scientists call this phenomenon of natural population growth rate "population explosion", which is very obvious in China in the 1970s, Indian and some African countries today. The rapid growth of population has increased the demand for various resources, which is a burden to the whole ecological environment, and it will also bring environmental pollution, resource depletion and other problems. Therefore, many countries are trying to control population growth and reduce the fertility rate. Although on the whole, the population growth rate of most countries is naturally decreasing year by year, there are still some countries that intervene in population growth through government law enforcement and other means. However, this move may bring about a sharp decline in the number of young people and aggravate concerns about the aging population. However, some developed countries, such as Japan and Russia, are facing the problem of too few people. The proportion of elderly people in these countries is already large, which restricts the economic development of these countries.