/kloc-the collapse of the French economy in the 0/7th century

/kloc-the collapse of the French economy in the 0/7th century

During the period from 65438 to 1980, France's political and economic strength was quite strong, and it was known as the "glorious rule" of Louis XIV. From 65438 to the 1980s, the French economy collapsed. This situation is due to Louis XIV's religious fanaticism, endless wars and reactionary economic policies.

/kloc-At the end of 0/7, France became a victim of religious fanaticism and later became a national creed. As the "most pious king" in Europe, Louis XIV always persecuted Huguenots. He issued nearly 200 decrees restricting the rights of Huguenots between 1665 and 1685. For example, he even banned Huguenots from becoming pharmacists, grocers, compositors, publishers, lawyers and surgeons. So before 1685, 3,000 Protestants left Dore (a big industrial center in France) and moved to a safer place. The kingdom forced Protestants to become Catholics with the help of the famous dragoons who camped in Huguenots' homes. Finally, in June of 1685, Louis XIV completely abolished the edict of Nantes that allowed Huguenots to believe freely. From then on, all residents of the French kingdom except nobles were forced to convert to Catholicism. This prompted Huguenots to emigrate in large numbers, and they moved to Holland, Britain, Ireland, Prussia, Switzerland and other places. In the following year 15, France lost 250,000 people; According to the statistics of some historians, the total number of people who emigrated abroad reached 2 million. For example, Nim lost almost all the silk weavers, and Toure's craftsmen also left 9/10; In ram, half of the machines can't be used; 10000 Protestants fled Dove. In this era, Karl's culture and education has become "the belief of ordinary citizens", so the persecution of Huguenots has just prompted those who are the most active and valuable in the economy to emigrate. The French lost their rich handicraft workshop owners and skilled craftsmen. Although France has made some achievements in religious belief, it has paid too much. The industrial and commercial population left France, with the exception of the Van Loye family.

The king's endless wars and reactionary economic policies made France bankrupt in the17th century. Louis XIV played almost all over Europe in 32 years; His four world wars (1667 to1668; 1672 to1678; 1688 rpm1697; 170 1 turn 17 14) cost France a lot of money. The battle of "Spain's succession to the throne" was particularly costly, lasting for more than 10 years (170 1 to 17 14). It was initiated by Louis XIV, only because of the change of Spanish dynasty. This fierce war also threatened the French colonies. According to the Treaty of Utrecht, France lost Newfoundland, Hudson Bay and New Scotland. In 1705 alone, the military expenditure was 17000 Wan Li Foer, resulting in a budget deficit of 10000 Wan Li Foer. Therefore, special measures are needed to make up for military expenditure. 1708, the national income reached 14450 Wan Li francs. After deducting the regular debts and the fees already paid, * * * only has 4,400 Wan Li francs left. However, the ongoing war will cost 20,000 Wan Li Foer. In order to make the situation better next year, * * * began to collect real taxes and * * * collected 500,000 bags of flour. In addition, the king's utensils must be changed into coins, and the interest on public bonds must also be paid. * * * 17 10 began to implement new taxes, requiring the king's subjects to pay the so-called "royal tithes". But this did not save France from partial bankruptcy in 17 13. It also failed to stop the increase of national debt. French national debt reached 46,000 Wan Li francs as early as 1699, and reached 2.5 billion francs when Louis XIV died (17 15). Contemporary people once correctly thought (as Boyce Chilpe said) that the country "has no oil in the oil lamp". As the supply of raw silk in Italy stopped, the industry in Lyon was paralyzed. Unbearable tax burden (poll tax, salt tax, consumption tax), as well as the sharp increase in tribute to lords in Louis XIV era, made farmers completely bankrupt. From 1685 to 1688, from 1693 to 1695, from 1699 to 1700, especially from 1708 to/. A large number of rural residents starved to death. Farmers in Burgundy live on grass roots; Farmers robbed national warehouses everywhere, 1709, and even hungry people appeared on the streets of Versailles. As Marshal Woban (a contemporary of these events) confirmed, in this era, the land income of France decreased by 1/3 (from 1660 to1710); In China, 65,438+0/65,438+00 people live by begging, half of the residents are in poverty, and 3/65,438+00 French people live a very poor life, because they are burdened with taxes, and only 65,438+0/65,438+00 residents live well.

The three major policies of religion, war and economy had a great influence on the French economy in the Middle Ages. Times are different now, but its historical lessons are still instructive.