Who has information about stephen william hawking?

Stephen william hawking, a professor of applied mathematics and theoretical physics at Cambridge University, is the most important contemporary general relativity and cosmologist. He is one of the great men with international reputation, also known as "the king of the universe". In 1970s, he and Penrose proved the famous singularity theorem, for which they both won the Wolff Prize in Physics of 1988. He is therefore known as the most famous scientific thinker and the most outstanding theoretical physicist in the world after Einstein. He also proved the area theorem of black holes, that is, the area of black holes does not decrease with the increase of time. 201265438+1October 8th Hawking predicted that the earth would face major disasters such as nuclear war in the millennium, and only by colonizing Mars or other planets in the solar system can human beings avoid extinction.

Chinese name: stephen william hawking.

Stephen william hawking.

Nationality: UK

Place of birth: Oxford, England

Date of birth:1942 65438+1October 8th.

Occupation: scientist

Graduate institutions: Oxford University, Cambridge University

Major achievements: Presidential Medal of Freedom (2009)

Major Achievements: Award for Contribution to Popular Science (2006)

Prince asturias Award (1989)

Wolf Prize in Physics (1988)

Masterpiece: A Brief History of Time and the Universe in the Shell.

Research fields: astrophysics, theoretical physics, mathematics.

Worked in: Department of Cycle Theory Physics, Cambridge University.

Famous theories: black holes, Hawking radiation.

Stephen william hawking's masterpiece

A brief history of time, the universe in the natural shell of time and space

List of public speeches predicting academic betting evaluation works of immigrant figures

Whether there is a black hole, whether there is a naked singularity, whether there is news, whether it will protect the conjecture when the black hole disappears.

Basic research on emigration to outer space The existence of God is so-called "common sense". Read about the extension of nuclear black holes.

Information and information conservation: time film and four-dimensional quantum mechanics in essence of time: the latest development of quantum mechanics; Time machine theory; There is also a gap in time; Spacecraft can go back to the distant past and explain the legendary life in four-dimensional space; A brief history of time; Aliens' prediction of interstellar migration; The popular star began to edit this paragraph.

Stephen william hawking Atlas 1 (15) stephen william hawking (1942-) [1], 1942 65438+ 10, born in Oxford, England. He graduated from Oxford University and Cambridge University with a doctorate in philosophy. At the age of 2 1, he unfortunately suffered from Lou Gehrig's disease, which led to muscle atrophy, so he was confined to a wheelchair and only three fingers could move. During the period of 1985, he had a tracheotomy because of pneumonia and completely lost the function of speaking. Speech and question-and-answer can only be done by a speech synthesizer. 1972, he investigated the quantum effect near the black hole, and found that the black hole would emit radiation like a blackbody, and the temperature of the radiation was inversely proportional to the mass of the black hole, so that the black hole would gradually become smaller because of the radiation, but the temperature was getting higher and higher, and finally it ended in an explosion. The discovery of black hole radiation is of great significance, which unifies gravity, quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics. 1974, his research turned to the theory of quantum gravity. Although people haven't got a successful theory, they have found some characteristics of it. For example, spacetime is not flat on the Planck scale (10-33 cm), but in a powder state. There is no pure state in quantum gravity, the law of causality is broken, and the unknowability rises from classical statistical physics and quantum statistical physics to the third level of quantum gravity.

After stephen william hawking Atlas II (20) 1980, Hawking's interest turned to quantum cosmology. However, in July 2004, he revised his original "black hole paradox" view, and information should be lasting. The subtitle of A Brief History of Time is from the Big Bang to the Black Hole. Stephen william hawking believes that his life's contribution is within the framework of classical physics, which proves the inevitability of black holes and big bang singularities, and black holes are getting bigger and bigger; However, under the framework of quantum physics, he pointed out that black holes became smaller and smaller due to radiation, and the singularity of the Big Bang was constantly smoothed out by quantum effects, and the whole universe began here. The details of theoretical physics will change in the next 20 years, but as far as concept is concerned, it is quite complete now. Stephen william hawking's life is legendary. In terms of scientific achievements, he is one of the most outstanding scientists in history. His contribution was made when he was confined to a wheelchair by Luger's disease for 20 years, which was really unprecedented. His contribution has a far-reaching impact on the concept of human beings, so the media has long had a lot of descriptions about how he fought against total paralysis. Therefore, God is fair to everyone. He has a physical defect, but his mind is smart! Nevertheless, Wu's first meeting with him at 1979 is still vivid. It was my first time to attend the seminar on general relativity of Hawking Group in Cambridge. As soon as the back door opened, a very weak electric sound suddenly sounded behind my head. Looking back, I saw a scrawny man reclining in an electric wheelchair and turning on the electric switch himself. The translator tries to be polite and not too surprised, but he is used to being surprised at the degree of disability of people who meet for the first time. He needs a lot of effort to raise his head. Before he lost his voice, he could only speak in a very weak deformed language, and he could only understand it after working and living with him for several months. He can't write, and reading must rely on a page-turning machine. When reading literary works, he must spread out every page on a big desk, and then he drives a wheelchair to read page by page like a silkworm eating mulberry leaves. People have to pay deep respect to the human soul who pursues the ultimate truth with such a strong will. From his help to the translator's private affairs, we can realize that he is a person. Every day, he drives a wheelchair from his home at No.5 Cambridge West Road, crosses the beautiful Jianhe River and the ancient King's College, and arrives at the office of the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics in Silver Street. A slope was specially built in the department to facilitate him to take a wheelchair. Hawking is optimistic. Although he is physically disabled, he is not mentally retarded. He also proved the area theorem of black holes. In Cambridge University with rich academic tradition, his position is the most lofty professorship in the history of Cambridge University. That's Professor Lucas, who was once praised by Newton and Dirac. He holds several honorary degrees and is the youngest member of the Royal Society. In the public evaluation, he is considered as one of the most outstanding theoretical physicists after Albert Einstein. He proposed that the big bang started from the singularity, and the black hole would eventually evaporate from this moment, which was an important step to unify the two basic theories of physics in the 20th century-Einstein's theory of relativity and Planck's quantum theory. He was confined to a wheelchair for 40 years because of "gradual freezing" (Luger's disease of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), but he was physically and mentally disabled and turned it into an advantage, overcoming his disability and becoming a supernova in the international physics community. He can't write or even read clearly, but he transcends relativity, quantum mechanics and the Big Bang theory and enters the "geometric dance" to create the universe. Although he was so helpless in a wheelchair, his thoughts traveled brilliantly in the vast space and time, and solved the mystery of the universe. Hawking's charm lies not only in his legendary physical genius, but also in his convincing life force. His constant pursuit of scientific spirit and brave and tenacious personality strength deeply attracted everyone who knew him. Suffering from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, he is almost paralyzed and unable to pronounce, but he still published A Brief History of Time at 1988, which has sold more than 25 million copies so far and become one of the best-selling popular science works in the world. He is praised by the world as "the greatest living scientist", "another Einstein", "an out-and-out man in life", "a man who dares to challenge his destiny" and "the king of the universe". Hawking was born in Oxford, England on 1942, which happened to be the 300th anniversary of Galileo's death. His father Frank is an expert in tropical diseases who graduated from Oxford University, and his mother Isabel studied philosophy, politics and economy in Oxford on 1930. 1942 65438+ 10, Nazi Germany bombed England indiscriminately, and London was attacked almost every night. This forced the Hawkins to leave their home in Haegert and take refuge in Oxford. After Hawking was born, they returned to London. When he was a child, Hawking's academic performance was not outstanding, but he liked to design extremely complicated toys. It is said that he once made a simple computer. 1959, 17-year-old Hawking entered the University College of Oxford University to study natural science, claiming that it took him very little time to get a first-class honorary degree, and then transferred to Cambridge University to study cosmology. 1963 was diagnosed as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, that is, motor neuropathy. At that time, the doctor diagnosed that he could only live for two years, but he miraculously survived, although he lost his mobility. Hawking once clarified that he didn't drink at that time, only felt that he had a "tragic character" and was addicted to Wagner's music. Until he met his first wife, Jane Wilde, and they got married and had three children. At the age of 23, he received his Ph.D. from Cambridge University and stayed at Cambridge University for research. In April 2007, Hawking experienced zero gravity on the plane.

Edit the representative works in this paragraph.

80 years ago, the sequel to A Brief History of Time and the Essence of Time and Space, the general theory of relativity was expressed in a complete mathematical form. Quantum (which he personally thinks is only the smallest unit for studying theoretical physics at present), The Charm of the Future, The Universe in the Shell and A Brief History of Time-From the Big Bang to the Black Hole (written in 1988) are Hawking's representative works. The author's imagination is rich, his ideas are wonderful, his language is beautiful and his words are meticulous, which is even more surprising. Outside the "world", the future changes are so magical and wonderful.

The life of the character

1942 65438+/kloc-0 was born in Oxford, England on October 8th. 1950, his family moved to St. Albans 1959, and he entered Oxford university in England. 1962, he completed a degree course in physics at Oxford University and transferred to Cambridge University for postgraduate study. 1963 Hawking was diagnosed with motor neuron disease. From 65438 to 0965, he entered gonville and Caius College of Cambridge University as a researcher and was awarded a doctorate. His research shows that the mathematical equation used to explain the collapse of black holes can also explain the expansion of the universe from a point. /Marry Jane Wilde (Jane Wilde) 1967 The eldest son Robert was born in 1969. Since then, he has been a researcher of gonville and Caius Institute 1970 Hawking's outstanding scientific achievements in studying the characteristics of black holes. He predicted that the radiation from black holes (now called Hawking radiation) and the surface area of black holes would never decrease. /Daughter Lucy was born/started to use wheelchairs 1973 The first book, Large Structures in Time and Space, was published 1974, and was elected as a member of the Royal Society. He went on to prove that black holes have temperature, black holes emit thermal radiation, and gasification will lead to mass loss. From 1975 to 1976, he won the Eddington medal of the Royal Astronomical Society of London, the 1 1 medal of the Vatican Papal Science Society, the Hopkins Award and the Danny O 'Heinemann Award of the United States. Maxwell Prize and Hughes Medal of the Royal Society (1977) were appointed as professors of gravitational physics at Cambridge University (1978), and won the highest prize in theoretical physics research in the world (1979). Timothy, the second son, was born/published A Review of General Relativity: Commemorating Einstein's Centennial Birthday (1980) and was appointed Lucas Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University (isaac newton once held this position). 198 1 year, attended the Vatican Universe Congress, announced the idea of boundlessness/published "Time and Space and Gravity"/was awarded the Senior Knight Order of the British Empire. 1985, he fell ill in Switzerland/underwent tracheostomy, thus losing his language ability and using a computer with a sound generator. A Brief History of Time —— From the Big Bang to the Black Hole was published in 1988, and won the Wolf Foundation Award, which became a bestseller in the field of quantum physics and relativity. 1989 was awarded the title of honorary knight of the British Empire. 1990 divorced his wife Jane Wilde after 25 years of marriage. 199 1 A Brief History of Time with the same name was published 1993 Black Hole and baby universes and other papers were published1September 1995 16, married his nurse Elaine Mei Sen 1996. 200 1 10 Another masterpiece, The Universe in the Shell, was published. In July 2004, Hawking corrected his original "black hole paradox" view that information should be conserved. On July 2 1, at the "17 International Conference on General Relativity and Gravity" held in Dublin, Ireland. June+/KOOC-0/October 65438/KOOC-0/October +2006/KOOC-0/October 9, 64-year-old stephen hawking is divorcing his second wife Elaine, and they have been living together for/KOOC-0/KOOC-0/year. In 2006, Hawking came to China for the second time. He still took his latest research on cosmology and gave a speech entitled "The Origin of the Universe" in the gymnasium of Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Tell the public about the origin of the universe at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. In 2007, the children's science fiction novel George's Secret of the Universe, co-authored by Hawking and Lucy Gigord, was first published in France on September 6th. This book is the first children's book written by Hawking, in which Hawking explained his theory about time and the universe to children. In August 2009, 12 won the Medal of Freedom.