Which country first put forward the environmental impact assessment?

which country first put forward the environmental impact assessment?

I have a book on the environment ``

Environmental impact assessment was first put forward by the United States. Since the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) in 1969 established the environmental impact assessment system in the United States, in the past 3 years, environmental impact assessment has been rapidly popularized and developed all over the world. At present, more than 1 countries have established environmental impact assessment systems and carried out environmental impact assessment work. At the same time, many international institutions related to environmental impact assessment have been set up, a series of meetings on environmental impact assessment have been held, and the research and exchange on environmental impact assessment have been carried out, which has further promoted the application and development of environmental impact assessment in various countries. In 197, the World Bank set up the Office of Environment and Health Affairs to review and evaluate the environmental impact of each of its investment projects. In 1974, the United Nations Environment Programme and Environment Canada jointly held the first environmental impact assessment meeting in Canada. In May 1984, the 12th session of the Governing Council of the United Nations Environment Programme suggested that experts from various countries should be organized to conduct environmental impact assessment research, which provided a methodological and theoretical basis for environmental impact assessment in various countries. In 1992, the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development was held in Rio de Janeiro, and the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development and Agenda 21 adopted by the conference all included the contents of environmental impact assessment. Principle 17 of Rio Declaration on Environment and Development states: Environmental impact assessment should be carried out for proposed activities that may have a significant adverse impact on the environment as a national means, and the decision should be made by the competent national authorities. Who put forward the strategic environmental impact assessment?

a brand-new concept in strategic environmental assessment (SEA) was put forward by several British scholars, such as N.Lee, C.Wood and F.Walsh, in the 197s. The classification and technical ideas of environmental impact assessment? What are the similarities and differences between project environmental impact assessment and planning environmental impact assessment?

the classification of environmental impact assessment is relatively detailed according to project categories, including chemical and petrochemical medicine, metallurgical and electromechanical, building materials and thermal power, agriculture, forestry and water conservancy, transportation, mining, social areas, marine engineering, nuclear industry, power transmission and transformation, etc. According to the nature of construction, it is divided into new construction, reconstruction and expansion. The idea of EIA is to first understand the general situation of the project-check whether the industrial policy is in line with it-look at the site, pay attention to sensitive points, engineering analysis, existing pollution situation and specific contents of environmental protection issues-do public participation survey and understand the public's support for the project-check the information of the same industry, understand the source of pollution sources, output and disposal measures, risk situation and preventive measures, and generally understand the level of cleaner production-write a report-complete the first draft. Audit-report to the Environmental Protection Bureau for approval-expert review (if the project is small in scale and pollution is small, the environmental protection department can decide whether it needs to be reviewed)-modify the report according to the expert's opinion (that is, the draft for approval)-submit for approval, and the environmental impact assessment of the approved project is evaluated for specific projects; However, the planning environmental impact assessment is more complicated, which needs to consider the planning of the whole region and then evaluate it. Environmental impact assessment

I do environmental assessment. Let me give you a forum first-EIA enthusiasts forum. It is the largest forum in China, where more than 95% of EIA participants go, and all kinds of information are available at the beginning, primary, middle and high level and professional level.

If you graduated from an environmental protection-related major, you should have a relatively systematic professional knowledge, not to mention the degree of mastery. Before entering the business, you should study other people's report templates, from the EIA report form (simple) to the report (in-depth), and study various technical guidelines and environmental protection standards. It takes a month to prepare theoretical knowledge. The next step is to do a project, and it is best to have someone give advice and learn from the forum.

there are two certificates to be tested in EIA.

1. The entry-level certificate is the post certificate of environmental assessment. There is basically no threshold limit, but only 1-2 classes are held every month, with 18 students in each class. Because the number of employees in the country is quite large, it is not easy to register.

2. Professional certificate, certificate of registered EIA engineer, and the threshold is limited. If you graduate from an environmental-related major, you must have 5 years of EIA work experience, 2 years of work experience for a master's degree and 1 year for a doctor. Because of the control of the pass rate, it is more difficult to test. However, once admitted, the value will skyrocket, and the certificate will be linked to the current market for at least 5, years, and will be paid every three years. Let this power be the driving force.

The textbook you mentioned, you can download the teaching material of employment license and the teaching material of engineers on the forum to learn, which is very systematic. If you understand it thoroughly, you will have a solid foundation, and you can also prepare for future research.

points are strongly required. O(∩_∩)O hahaha ~

The most important thing is the production capacity of this project. If it is not expanded, then things are still negotiable.

if the production capacity is large, re-evaluate the environmental impact. It is easier to handle the shortage of production capacity, but it depends on the specific situation that the report does not match the site. It is not a major technological transformation, and it should not be a big problem.

I suggest that you ask your leaders to communicate and coordinate directly with the Environmental Protection Bureau or other leaders. This kind of thing can be completely big or small-from the fact that the acceptance has not been completed for almost five years, it can be seen that the management of the Environmental Protection Bureau is actually not strong.

we should hurry up, and the more we delay, the more passive we will be!

hydropower is physical power generation. Thermal power is chemical power generation. Personally, the hydropower station mainly considers the stability of the geological structure where the project is located, the impact on fish in the existing water (migration channels should be set), and drinking water for upstream and downstream residents, etc. Thermal power plants mainly consider surrounding sensitive points (residential quarters, schools, hospitals, wildlife habitats, etc.), atmospheric protection distance, accident analysis, etc. . . In my humble opinion, let's discuss it together.

1) Supplement: Gusheng immigrant residential area and Xiaochong team are sensitive to atmospheric pollutants and noise.

2) The evaluation focus should be on atmospheric environmental impact, acoustic environmental impact and ecological impact, and environmental protection measures should be taken: dust removal should be done for waste gas, especially for broken links; Noise is large, so we should do a good job of sound barrier, and focus on analyzing the impact on sensitive points to avoid complaints in the future; According to the current situation, the ecology should not damage the rare animals and plants of the country, and it is best to reclaim them. As the mining area crosses the expressway, it is best to obtain relevant opinions from the transportation department.

3) When making atmospheric forecast, there should be source strength indexes of organized emission sources and unorganized emission sources, and local meteorological data should be collected; If water forecast is made (it should not be used), there should be hydrological data of the corresponding water body; Noise prediction needs to investigate the location and intensity of noise sources, site conditions, whether there are natural barriers, etc. Ecology can only do qualitative impact analysis, mainly to do a good job of ecological investigation of the status quo.

4) The maximum ground concentration predicted by the atmosphere and its influence on sensitive points, and the boundary value predicted by noise and its influence on sensitive points

are calculated according to the river complete mixing model;

c = (C1 * Q1+C2 * Q2)/(Q1+Q2) = (2.5 * 1+1 * .1)/(2.5+1) = 24.39 mg/m3 = .2439 mg/L

According to the surface water environmental quality standard.

.2439 is less than .5.

it is known that the standard is not exceeded.

For the calculation of ambient air assessment grade, please refer to Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment Atmospheric Environment. The evaluation level of acoustic environment and water environment is also in accordance with the guidelines, and you can't judge it by these few words.