* * * Central the State Council on strengthening agricultural infrastructure construction to further promote agricultural development and increase farmers' income.

* * * Central the State Council on Strengthening the Construction of Agricultural Infrastructure

Some opinions on further promoting agricultural development and increasing farmers' income

(65438+3 February 20071)

The 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China held high the great banner of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and made comprehensive arrangements for continuing to promote reform, opening up and socialist modernization and realizing the grand goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way. To promote scientific development, promote social harmony and win a new victory in building a well-off society in an all-round way, we must strengthen the basic position of agriculture, take the road of agricultural modernization with China characteristics, establish a long-term mechanism to promote agriculture with industry and bring rural areas with cities, and form a new pattern of integration of urban and rural economic and social development.

Since the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council have complied with the requirements of the times, followed the law of development, kept pace with the times, strengthened the work concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers, and made a series of significant and far-reaching strategic arrangements. Insist on solving the "three rural issues" as the top priority of the whole party's work, and constantly strengthen leadership over agriculture and rural work; Adhere to the overall planning of urban and rural development, and constantly increase the efforts of industry to feed back agriculture and cities to support rural areas; Insist on giving more and taking less, and constantly improve the agricultural support and protection system; Adhere to market-oriented reform and constantly liberate and develop rural productive forces; Insist on improving people's livelihood and constantly solve the most urgent practical problems in farmers' production and life. Thanks to the joint efforts of the whole party and the people of the whole country, a rare good situation has emerged in agriculture and rural development. Grain production has increased for four consecutive years, and agricultural production has developed in an all-round way. Farmers' income continued to grow rapidly and their living standards improved significantly. Rural infrastructure construction has been accelerated, and significant progress has been made in social undertakings and poverty alleviation and development. A historic breakthrough has been made in rural reform, and the vitality of development has been continuously enhanced. The relationship between the party and the masses in rural areas has improved significantly, and the rural society is stable and harmonious. The situation in agriculture and rural areas is good and has made great contributions to the overall situation of reform, development and stability. Practice has proved that the central government's principles and policies on "agriculture, countryside and farmers" work are completely correct.

At present, industrialization, informationization, urbanization, marketization and internationalization are developing in depth, and profound changes are taking place in agriculture and rural areas. With the strengthening of agricultural resources, environment and market constraints, it is more difficult to ensure the balance between supply and demand of agricultural products, which requires speeding up the transformation of agricultural development mode. Trade competition in agricultural products has intensified, which makes it more difficult to promote the export of superior agricultural products and adjust imports in a timely and appropriate manner, and requires speeding up the promotion of agricultural competitiveness. The comparative benefit of agriculture is declining, and it is more difficult to maintain the stable development of grain and increase farmers' income. It is necessary to improve the agricultural support and protection system. The outflow of factors of production in rural areas has intensified, and it is more difficult to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, so it is necessary to increase the intensity of coordinating urban and rural development. The profound transformation of rural social structure makes it more difficult to take into account the interests of all parties and do a good job in social management, which requires further improvement of rural governance mechanism. The whole party must deeply understand the new situation and new tasks faced by the work concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers, fully grasp the new opportunities and challenges, enhance the sense of urgency in doing well the work concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers, ring the alarm bell of food security at all times, tighten the string of consolidating the agricultural foundation at all times, and always insist on solving the problems concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers as the top priority of the whole party's work.

In 2008 and in the coming period, the general requirements of agriculture and rural work are: fully implementing the spirit of the 17th CPC National Congress, holding high the great banner of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, taking Deng Xiaoping Theory and Theory of Three Represents as the guidance, thoroughly implementing Scientific Outlook on Development, highlighting the construction of agricultural infrastructure, actively promoting the stable development of agriculture and increasing farmers' income, striving to ensure the basic supply of major agricultural products, effectively solving the problems of rural people's livelihood, and solidly promoting the construction of a new socialist countryside.

First, accelerate the construction of a long-term mechanism to strengthen the agricultural foundation.

In the new stage of economic and social development, the multiple functions of agriculture are increasingly prominent, and the basic role of agriculture is increasingly prominent. It is necessary to strengthen the basic position of agriculture more consciously and continuously increase the policy of strengthening agriculture and benefiting farmers.

(a) in accordance with the requirements of urban and rural development, and effectively increase investment in agriculture, rural areas and farmers. To strengthen the agricultural foundation, we must guide the rational allocation of factor resources, promote the national income distribution to tilt towards agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and greatly increase investment in agriculture and rural areas. Adhere to and implement the policy of industry feeding agriculture, cities supporting rural areas, giving more and taking less, ensure that the annual growth rate of total agricultural investment of governments at or above the county level is higher than the annual growth rate of recurrent fiscal revenue, and shift the focus of national infrastructure construction and social development to rural areas. In 2008, the increase of financial investment in supporting agriculture was significantly higher than that of the previous year, the increase of fixed assets investment in rural areas nationwide was significantly higher than that of the previous year, and the increase of land transfer income of the government for rural construction was significantly higher than that of the previous year. The new income from farmland occupation tax is mainly used for "agriculture, countryside and farmers", focusing on strengthening farmland water conservancy, comprehensive agricultural development and rural infrastructure construction. Improve the urban maintenance and construction tax policy, and part of the urban maintenance and construction expenditure arranged by the local budget should be used for rural planning, infrastructure construction and maintenance. Since 2008, the state has gradually reduced or cancelled supporting facilities at or below the county level for newly arranged projects with strong public welfare such as reinforcement of dangerous reservoirs and ecological construction according to different situations. Strengthen the management of agricultural input and improve the efficiency of capital use. Accelerate the legislation of agricultural input.

(2) Consolidate, improve and strengthen the policy of strengthening agriculture and benefiting farmers. In accordance with the principle of adapting to the national conditions, focusing on the long-term, gradually increasing and perfecting the mechanism, we will adhere to and improve the agricultural subsidy system and continuously strengthen support and protection for agriculture. Continue to increase direct subsidies to farmers, and increase direct subsidies for grain, improved varieties, purchase subsidies for agricultural machinery and tools, and comprehensive direct subsidies for agricultural materials. Expand the scope of subsidies for improved varieties. Increase the types of subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools, and raise the subsidy standards. The subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools cover all agricultural counties. Conscientiously sum up the experiences and practices of carrying out policy-based agricultural insurance pilot projects in various places, steadily expand the scope of the pilot projects, and scientifically determine the subsidized varieties. We will fully implement various support policies for the production of grain, oilseeds, pigs and cows, increase incentives and subsidies for large production counties, and gradually form a stable and standardized system. According to the needs of ensuring the supply of agricultural products and mobilizing farmers' enthusiasm, we will study the subsidy policies for important agricultural products as a whole. The policy of strengthening agriculture and benefiting farmers should be tilted to key producing areas to increase production capacity. We will continue to implement the minimum purchase price policy for key areas and key grain varieties.

(3) Form a benign interactive pattern of increasing agricultural efficiency and farmers' income. It is necessary to increase income through structural optimization, continue to do a good job in the planning and construction of advantageous regional layout of agricultural products, support the production of high-quality agricultural products and the development of characteristic agriculture, and promote the intensive processing of agricultural products. It is necessary to reduce costs and increase income, vigorously develop conservation-oriented agriculture, promote the resource utilization of by-products such as straw and domestic garbage, and improve agricultural production efficiency. It is necessary to increase income through non-agricultural employment, improve the development level of township enterprises, family industries and rural tourism, enhance the vitality of county economic development, and improve the environment for migrant workers to enter cities for employment and return home to start businesses. It is necessary to increase income through policy support, increase the intensity of benefiting farmers, prevent farmers' burden from rebounding, and rationally control the prices of important agricultural products and agricultural means of production. Further clarify the legal status of farmers' family property, protect farmers' right to benefit from collective property, and create conditions for more farmers to obtain property income.

(4) Explore the establishment of institutional mechanisms to promote the development of urban-rural integration. Efforts will be made to change the backwardness of rural areas, accelerate the elimination of the dual system between urban and rural areas, and strive to form a new pattern of integration of urban and rural development planning, industrial layout, infrastructure, public services, employment and social management. Improve the unified factor market between urban and rural areas, guide the flow of capital, technology, talents and other resources to agriculture and rural areas, and gradually realize the mutual promotion of urban and rural infrastructure and industrial development. In accordance with the requirements of urban-rural integration, we will improve administrative institutions and functions at all levels, and gradually realize urban-rural social overall management and equalization of basic public services.

Second, we should ensure the basic supply of major agricultural products.

Ensuring the effective supply of agricultural products is an important material basis for promoting economic development and social stability. Based on the development of domestic production, we should further promote the strategic adjustment of agricultural structure to ensure the balance of total supply and demand, structural balance and quality and safety of agricultural products.

(1) attaches great importance to the development of grain production. Effectively stabilize the grain planting area, optimize the variety structure, improve the yield level, and ensure the stable development of grain production. Actively develop rice production, expand the planting area of special wheat, and rationally guide corn consumption. We will continue to implement various grain production projects. According to the changes in grain production and marketing pattern, we will further improve the grain risk fund policy, increase support for major grain producing areas, and improve the incentive policies for major grain producing counties. Implement the grain strategic project and concentrate on building a number of core grain producing areas with good basic conditions, high production level and large transfer volume; On the premise of protecting the ecology, we will start to build a number of grain reserve production areas with resource advantages and great potential for increasing production. Expand the construction of basic grain ration fields in the western returning farmland areas. The implementation of the grain governor responsibility system, the main sales area and the production and marketing balance area to stabilize the level of food self-sufficiency. Support the development of policy insurance for major grain crops. Vigorously develop oil production, encourage the development of cotton and sugar production in advantageous areas, and strive to improve quality and output. Actively respond to global climate change and strengthen disaster prevention and mitigation. Support agricultural reclamation enterprises to build large-scale grain and agricultural products production bases and give full play to their exemplary role in modern agricultural construction.

(2) Do a good job in the production of "vegetable basket" products. Continue to strengthen the mayor responsibility system of "vegetable basket" to ensure the stable development of "vegetable basket" product production. Actively promote the large-scale planting of horticultural products such as vegetables. Accelerate the transformation of livestock and poultry breeding methods, implement "compensation by awards" for large-scale breeding, implement the land policy for large-scale breeding, and continue to implement various subsidy policies for livestock and poultry breeding. Improve the price formation mechanism of raw milk and strictly implement the labeling system of liquid milk. Promote healthy aquaculture, strengthen the protection of aquatic biological resources, implement a system of no fishing, strengthen the construction of fishery safety infrastructure, and support the development of offshore fisheries. Where conditions permit, facilities agriculture and precision agriculture should be actively developed. Establish and improve the policy insurance system for pigs and cows.

(3) Strengthening agricultural standardization and quality and safety of agricultural products. Accelerate the revision of agricultural standards. We will continue to implement agricultural standardization demonstration projects, and support leading enterprises, farmers' professional cooperative organizations, science and technology demonstration households and large farmers to take the lead in implementing standardized production. Implement the construction plan of agricultural product quality and safety inspection and testing system, carry out quality and safety monitoring and testing according to law, and consolidate the achievements of special rectification of agricultural product quality and safety. In-depth implementation of pollution-free agricultural products action plan, the establishment of agricultural products quality and safety risk assessment mechanism, improve the identification and traceability system of agricultural products. Strengthen the supervision of agricultural inputs and start the implementation of the demonstration project of "Rest assured that agricultural materials will go to the countryside and enter the village". Actively develop green food and organic food, cultivate brand-name agricultural products and strengthen the protection of geographical indications of agricultural products.

(4) Supporting the development of agricultural industrialization. Continue to promote agricultural industrialization, cultivate and expand a number of leading enterprises with good growth and strong driving force, support leading enterprises to operate across regions, and promote the development of advantageous industrial clusters. The central and local governments should increase special funds for agricultural industrialization and support leading enterprises to carry out technology research and development, energy conservation and emission reduction and base construction. Explore the establishment of guarantee funds and guarantee companies to solve the financing difficulties of leading enterprises. Pay close attention to study and improve the tax policy of agricultural products processing, and promote the healthy development of agricultural products deep processing. Allow qualified leading enterprises to issue corporate bonds to the society. Leading enterprises should strengthen their social responsibilities, form a closer interest relationship with farmers, and let farmers share the fruits of industrialized operation more. Improve the dynamic management mechanism of national and provincial key leading enterprises. Guide all kinds of market players to participate in agricultural industrialization. Encourage farmers' professional cooperatives to set up agricultural products processing enterprises or participate in leading enterprises. Support the development of "one village, one product"

(5) Strengthening and improving the market supervision of agricultural products. Adapt to the changes in production mode, production and marketing pattern and resource environment, and make overall use of two markets and two resources to ensure the supply and production development of domestic agricultural products. Give consideration to the interests of producers and consumers, and use economic leverage to guide the prices of agricultural products to maintain a reasonable level. Strengthen the construction of grain and other important agricultural products reserve system, improve the throughput adjustment mechanism, and guide enterprises to establish commercial reserves. We will promptly establish and improve the monitoring and early warning system for supply and demand and prices of important agricultural products. Encourage the export of advantageous agricultural products, promote the construction of quality traceability system for export agricultural products, and support the development of export credit and credit insurance for agricultural products. Improve the import management of bulk agricultural products and the early warning system of trade remedy. Explore effective means in line with international practice and standardize the import and export of agricultural products. Foreign institutions, especially the embassies and consulates of China in major agricultural products trading countries, should strengthen international agricultural products market information services and agricultural cooperation and exchanges.

Third, pay attention to the construction of agricultural infrastructure

Strengthening the construction of agricultural infrastructure focusing on farmland water conservancy is an urgent task to strengthen the agricultural foundation. It is necessary to effectively increase investment, accelerate the pace of construction, strive to improve the comprehensive agricultural production capacity, and change the long-term weak situation of agricultural infrastructure as soon as possible.

(1) Pay close attention to the construction of small-scale farmland water conservancy. Pay close attention to the preparation and improvement of county-level irrigation and water conservancy construction planning, and promote the construction and management of irrigation and water conservancy projects as a whole. Significantly increase the central and provincial special funds for small-scale irrigation and water conservancy projects, and incorporate them into the renovation of the final canal system and the construction of small drainage facilities in large and medium-sized irrigation areas. Focus on rainwater harvesting and utilization, and build a small drought-resistant water source project in mountainous areas. Take incentives, subsidies and other forms to mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers to build small-scale irrigation and water conservancy projects. Promote the reform of property right system of small-scale farmland water conservancy projects, explore the reform methods of management system of non-operating rural water conservancy projects, and clarify the main body of construction and the responsibility of management and protection. Support the development of farmers' water cooperation organizations and improve their service capabilities.

(2) Vigorously develop water-saving irrigation. We will continue to focus on water-saving renovation of large-scale irrigation areas as the focus of investment in agricultural fixed assets, and strive to basically complete the tasks of continuous construction and water-saving renovation of large-scale irrigation areas by 2020. Comprehensive agricultural development should increase investment in key projects of medium-sized irrigation areas and field water-saving transformation of large and medium-sized irrigation areas. Do a good job in demonstrating water-saving irrigation and guide farmers to actively adopt water-saving equipment and technology. Expand the scale and scope of technical transformation of large irrigation and drainage pumping stations, and implement the control of key waterlogged areas. Give preferential treatment to agricultural irrigation and drainage electricity.

(3) Pay close attention to the reinforcement of dangerous reservoirs. Greatly increase the investment in the reinforcement of dangerous reservoirs, improve the responsibility system, and speed up the completion of the reinforcement of large and medium-sized and key small dangerous reservoirs. All localities should speed up the preparation of regulation plans for small and medium-sized rivers in key areas, increase investment in construction, and the central government will give appropriate subsidies to the central and western regions. Guide local governments to do a good job in river dredging. Deepen the reform of water conservancy project management system and further implement the resettlement policy in the reservoir area. Accelerate the construction of small and medium-sized water source projects in southwest China. We will expand the pilot program for the prevention and control of mountain torrents and strengthen the prevention and control of geological disasters.

(4) Strengthen farmland protection and soil improvement. Strictly implement the overall land use plan and annual plan, fully implement the responsibility system for farmland protection, establish and improve the coordination mechanism for investigating and handling land violations, and effectively control the occupation of cultivated land and forest land for construction. Land transfer income is used for rural investment, and we should focus on supporting basic farmland consolidation, post-disaster reclamation and cultivated land quality construction. Continue to increase investment and intensify the transformation of low-and medium-yield fields. Accelerate the implementation of fertile soil projects and expand the scale of soil testing and formula fertilization. Support farmers to return straw to fields, plant green manure and increase the application of organic fertilizer. Accelerate the implementation of dry farming demonstration projects and build a number of dry farming water-saving demonstration areas.

(5) Accelerate agricultural mechanization. Promoting agricultural mechanization is an urgent need to change the mode of agricultural production, and it also provides an important opportunity to revitalize the agricultural machinery industry. Accelerate the mechanization of grain production in the whole process and steadily develop the mechanization of cash crops and aquaculture. Strengthen the research and development of advanced and applicable agricultural machinery urgently needed for production, and focus on accelerating the popularization and application in major grain producing areas, southern hilly areas and schistosomiasis endemic areas. We will improve the preferential tax policies for agricultural mechanization, implement tax reduction and exemption for agricultural machinery operation services, exempt tractors engaged in field operations from road maintenance fees, and continue to implement the free pass policy for agricultural machinery cross-regional operations. Continue to implement conservation tillage projects. Support the development of large-scale agricultural machinery, agricultural machinery cooperatives and agricultural machinery professional service companies. Strengthen the safety supervision of agricultural machinery.

(6) Continue to strengthen ecological construction. In-depth implementation of key ecological projects such as natural forest protection and returning farmland to forests. Establish and improve the compensation system for ecological benefits of forest, grassland and soil and water conservation, raise compensation funds through multiple channels, and enhance ecological functions. Continue to promote the comprehensive development of mountainous areas and promote the development of forestry industry. Implement the system of balancing grass and livestock, promote returning grazing to grassland, develop water conservancy in pastoral areas and build artificial grassland. Strengthen forest and grassland fire monitoring and early warning system and fire prevention infrastructure construction. We will continue to do a good job in soil and water conservation in key river basins and regions such as the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and the black soil areas in Northeast China. Strengthen the control of desertification and rocky desertification, increase the construction of sloping terraces, warping dams and southern collapse control projects on the Loess Plateau, strengthen wetland protection and promote ecological self-repair. Strengthen rural energy conservation and emission reduction, encourage the development of circular agriculture, and promote the research and development of biomass energy with non-grain and oil crops as the main raw materials. Strengthen the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution, pay close attention to making plans, effectively increase investment, implement governance responsibilities, and accelerate the pace of governance in key areas.

Four, focus on strengthening the basic support and service system of agricultural science and technology.

Strengthening the construction of agricultural science and technology and service system is an objective need to accelerate the development of modern agriculture. Promote new breakthroughs in agricultural scientific and technological innovation, take new steps in agricultural socialized services, and achieve new improvements in agricultural quality, efficiency and competitiveness.

(1) Accelerate the research and development, popularization and application of agricultural science and technology. Effectively increase investment in agricultural scientific research, focus on supporting public welfare agricultural scientific research institutions and institutions of higher learning to carry out basic and cutting-edge research, and strengthen the integration of advanced and practical technologies. Strengthen the close integration of Industry-University-Research and promote the innovation of agricultural science and technology. Promote the construction of modern agricultural industrial technology system and enhance the innovation ability of agricultural regions. We will start major scientific and technological projects to cultivate new varieties of genetically modified organisms, and accelerate the implementation of improved seed projects and improved seed projects for livestock, poultry and aquatic products. Continue to arrange funds for the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements. In-depth implementation of science and technology projects, increase support for major technology promotion, and continue to explore effective mechanisms and methods for agricultural scientific and technological achievements to enter the village. Effectively strengthen public welfare agricultural technology extension services, improve relevant institutions and teams, and ensure the necessary funds for all kinds of public welfare services that must be guaranteed by national policies. Through three to five years of construction, we will strive to make grass-roots public welfare agricultural extension institutions have the necessary office space, equipment and experimental demonstration bases. The state can take the form of entrustment and bidding to mobilize all forces to participate in agricultural technology popularization and form a diversified agricultural technology popularization network. Give full play to the function and role of meteorology in serving agricultural production.

(two) to establish and improve the prevention and control system of animal and plant diseases. Accelerate the construction of an animal disease prevention and control system with sound network, stable team, strong guarantee and efficient disposal. We will promptly implement the system of official veterinarians and licensed veterinarians, continue to increase investment in the construction of animal epidemic prevention systems, and expand the scope of animal epidemic-free areas. We will implement free compulsory immunization against major animal diseases and improve the compensation mechanism for culling major animal diseases. Accelerate the development of efficient and safe pesticides and veterinary drugs. Strengthen the basic work of animal disease prevention and control, improve the team of village-level animal epidemic prevention personnel, and give necessary financial subsidies. Continue to implement plant protection projects, explore the establishment of specialized prevention and control teams, and promote the unified prevention and control of major pests and diseases.

(3) Vigorously cultivate rural practical talents. Organize and implement the practical talents training project in the new countryside, focusing on cultivating breeding industry experts, scientific and technological leaders, rural brokers and professional cooperative organizations. Accelerate the improvement of farmers' quality and entrepreneurial ability, promote employment through entrepreneurship, and realize entrepreneurship to enrich the people and strengthen agriculture through innovation. Continue to increase the vocational skills training of migrant workers. Accelerate the construction of county rural vocational education and training network and develop urban-rural integrated secondary vocational education. Support colleges and universities to set up and strengthen agriculture, forestry and water majors. National inspirational scholarships and grants are given priority to college students majoring in agriculture, forestry and water. For graduates who have worked in agriculture, forestry and water conservancy in rural grass-roots units for a certain number of years after graduation, the national student loan compensation policy and the secondary vocational education grant policy will be implemented, and students majoring in agriculture, forestry and water conservancy will be given priority.

(4) Actively develop farmers' professional cooperatives and rural service organizations. Fully implement the law on farmers' professional cooperatives, promptly introduce supporting laws and policies, formulate preferential tax measures as soon as possible, and clean up and cancel unreasonable charges. Finance at all levels should continue to increase support for farmers' professional cooperatives, and farmers' professional cooperatives can apply for undertaking relevant national agricultural projects. Support the development of agricultural production and operation service organizations and provide farmers with services such as farming, water management, storage and transportation. Encourage the development of rural comprehensive service organizations, and establish rural community service centers and public service stations where conditions permit to facilitate the people and benefit the people.

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