What's the name of the chess master?

Just a few years after Anderson 185 1 won the London International League, a hurricane blew from the other side of the Atlantic, which suddenly eclipsed Anderson's fiery momentum.

1856, there was a story in the European chess world about how a man named Murphy achieved extraordinary success in America. He defeated all American masters and visiting European champions. But the news did not cause much panic in the mainland where Anderson lived. However, two years later, Murphy, who was only 2 1 year old, traveled thousands of miles alone and came to Europe, the territory of chess. When he first appeared in London, British chess player Justin refused to fight him. Then the young man went all out to defeat the elites of Britain and Germany, and the whole European chess world was dumbfounded. Finally, he moved to Paris to challenge chess king Anderson.

1858 12 14, the tournament that caused a sensation in the chess world opened in Paris. In the first game, Anderson and Wang Yirong, who are good at it, scored 1 point, and their bold offensive skills were fully demonstrated. Murphy went first in the second game, but it was a draw. From the third game to the middle game, the situation was chaotic and the audience held their breath. At the critical moment, Murphy took the 1 1 hour "long exam" (there was no time limit system at that time) and changed several referees. Exquisite chess skills and tenacious fighting spirit finally made Murphy win.

After that, Murphy attacked Anderson's four cities with lightning speed, and even Anderson himself didn't understand what was going on. He has never had such a bad record. In the next four games, Anderson won 1, lost 2, lost 1, thinking that he could not fight any more, so he had to give up the future confrontation. Murphy won the game with a disparity score of 7 wins and 2 losses, becoming the second unofficial world champion in the history of chess.

Paul Charles Murphy (1837— 1884) was born in a wealthy family in New Orleans, USA, and his father was a judge of the Louisiana Supreme Court. At the age of six, he began to learn chess from his father. At the age of twelve, in his hometown of New Orleans, he played against Tam Tell, an immigrant from Europe and a chess master. He won two games in a row, and the game was of high quality. In this way, he was hailed as a chess prodigy and became a pioneer of his compatriot Bao Bei and Fischer. Murphy's extraordinary childhood indicates Fischer's childhood, and Murphy's sudden abandonment of chess also sets a strange precedent for Fischer's abandonment of chess, which will be explained below.

1856, Murphy 19 was qualified as a lawyer. The following year, 1857, Murphy was invited to participate in the first national chess championship held in new york, and he won the championship with 14 wins and 2 losses. In the same year, Murphy played against the famous European master Louis Paulson in the new york International League. Murphy won by an overwhelming score of 5-2,/kloc-0-0. The game was clean and beautiful. As a result, a chess star rose in America, the central battlefield of the world, outside Europe.

During his trip to Europe from June 1858 to February 18, Murphy swept the whole European chess world. After that, he lived in England for several months, and spent most of his time in the blind chess exhibition, playing chess with eight people at the same time as usual. His great strength had a great influence in the wheel war in Mongolia. However, all this soon became a thing of the past. Since 1858 defeated Anderson, Murphy has never participated in any competitions and competitions with first-class players, only playing wheel games or participating in competitions with players one level below him. Murphy stopped studying chess hard after he returned to the United States in May 1859. Murphy worked as a temporary editor in a chess magazine in new york at the age of 22, and the next year he became a staff member in a chess monthly. Since then, his behavior has become so strange that he has never said a word about chess. 1884, he died of a stroke. It was July of 14, and he walked for a long time before returning home. His mother found him in the bathroom and stopped breathing.

If Murphy embarked on the road of professional chess on 1857, his journey on this road would have ended in less than three years. At the height of his career, he suddenly left the chess world. In people's eyes, this is a superhuman force at work. This is incredibly attractive to his younger generation Fisher.

Murphy, like a dazzling meteor, pierced the sky. For psychological and physical reasons, his love for chess turned into hatred. In chess, it comes like a thunderbolt and goes like lightning. He didn't leave any works on chess to future generations, but his actual chess game silently showed his great power. He is not only an outstanding attack combination expert since ancient times, but also the first outstanding situational master in the history of chess. He stayed for 75 games (mostly giving way or something). Judging from these games, as soon as his opponent met Murphy, his hands were tied behind his back and he was helpless. As Harry Langbeck, a modern chess critic, said, Murphy's opponents met Murphy, just like a group of ancient monsters met modern weapons and were wiped out at once.

Murphy is well aware of the seriousness of the situation. He is half a century ahead of his time. While other chess players are racking their brains for the right steps, Murphy has a unique eye. He only strikes when the time is right. Once you attack, you will win quickly with the power of thunder. Never try to get lucky in the melee like other players of the same generation.

The brilliance of Moby Phoebe's contemporary offensive chess player lies in his understanding and grasp of the situation. He is good at analyzing the situation and making a correct evaluation of its basic characteristics. He can seek such a situation, the combination of sleeping tactics is beautiful, and he will wake up immediately at the slightest call. At the same time, when he is faced with the situation that he can't directly turn to attack or carry out tactical combination, he remains calm and comfortable, because his endgame technique is also exquisite and skillful. In contrast, in these respects, Anderson and others are undoubtedly greatly inferior.

Get out as soon as possible, occupy the center, open the channel, and attack the weak links of the other side with superior forces. This is the main principle that Murphy followed in the opening. For Murphy, this is his primary goal, an absolute basic element in actual combat; Anderson and others believe that it is of practical significance only if the pre-selected goals can be achieved. As a black side, how to deal with the opening of Spain (1. E4 E52 Highway. Horse f3. Horse c6 3 ... Like b5), Murphy designed the game of 3 ... 3 ... A6, in order to get rid of the shackles of the tail. 100 years of actual combat and theory have proved that Murphy's move is the most powerful move of the black side.

As a situational chess player, Murphy is a disciple of Filido and a pioneer of Steinitz. But most of his chess wins show Anderson's chess style, which is due to two reasons: (1) His tactical combination is superior to the above two, and his calculation is more accurate than theirs. (2) Most of his opponents, including Anderson, started out because of their own weaknesses or unwilling to lose some benefits. This enables him to have a bird's eye view of the overall situation, strategically grasp the necessary conditions and guide the situation to develop in a favorable direction.

Murphy's style is still the highest embodiment of flexibility, wit and perfection. "Mo Feihua" has become a specific adjective. For chess players, the meaning of "perfection" and "brilliance" together is not as rich as their meaning. The name of the talented chess player Murphy has also become a popular mantra in the chess world-"just like Murphy", which means wonderful. Steinitz is the first official world champion in the history of chess, and is praised as "Murphy of Austria" by the chess world.