About the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, hurry up

Basic information

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is one of the longest, largest and oldest canals in the world. It starts from Beijing (Zhuojun) in the north to Hangzhou (Yuhang) in the south, passes through Beijing and Tianjin and the four provinces of Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and runs through the five major water systems of the Haihe River, Yellow River, Huaihe River, Yangtze River and Qiantang River, with a total length of about 1794 km. Kilometers, it has a history of more than 2,500 years. The Beijing-Hangzhou Canal has played a huge role in the economic and cultural development and exchanges between the north and south of China, especially in the development of the industrial and agricultural economy and the rise of cities and towns along the line. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is also one of the oldest canals. It and the Great Wall are known as two great projects in ancient my country and are famous all over the world.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is a great project created by the working people of ancient my country. It is a precious material and spiritual wealth left to us by our ancestors and an important living and flowing human heritage. The Grand Canal began in the Spring and Autumn Period, was formed in the Sui Dynasty, developed in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and finally became a water transportation artery connecting the five major water systems of the Haihe River, Yellow River, Huaihe River, Yangtze River, and Qiantang River in the Yuan Dynasty, running from north to south. In the course of more than two thousand years of history, the Grand Canal has made important contributions to my country's economic development, national unity, social progress and cultural prosperity, and it still plays a huge role today. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal demonstrates the outstanding achievements of my country's ancient water conservancy and shipping engineering technology that led the world, leaving behind rich historical and cultural relics, giving birth to many famous cities and towns like shining pearls, accumulating a profound and long-lasting cultural heritage, and condensing the political system of our country. , huge information in many fields of economy, culture and society. The Grand Canal and the Great Wall are both symbols of the cultural identity of the Chinese nation.

Historical evolution

The excavation and evolution of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal can be roughly divided into three phases:

①The first phase of the canal.

The infancy of the canal. In the 10th year of the Spring and Autumn Period (486 BC), King Wu Fucha dug the Hangou ditch in Yangzhou to connect the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River. During the Warring States Period, the Great Ditch (which diverted the Yellow River from the north to Yuanyang County, Henan Province to the south, into Putian Ze east of present-day Zhengzhou City) and the Chasm were successively dug to connect the four rivers of Jiang, Huai, He and Ji. .

②Phase 2 canal.

Mainly refers to the canal system of the Sui Dynasty. With Luoyang in the east as the center, the Tongji Canal was excavated in the first year of Daye (605) to directly connect the Yellow River and Huaihe River. And reconstruct Hangou and Jiangnan Canal. In the third year, the Yongji Canal was excavated and connected to Zhuojun in the north. Together with the Guangtong Canal dug in 584 AD, a multi-branch canal system was formed.

When Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty (Yang Guang) arrived, it is said that Emperor Yang built a canal from the Beijing-Huaihe section to the south of the Yangtze River in order to go to Yangzhou to see the Yangzhou city flower, Qionghua, and to transport grain from the south to the north. , with a total length of more than 2,000 kilometers. By the time of the Yuan Dynasty, when the Yuan Dynasty established its capital in Dadu (today's Beijing), canals had to be dug to transport grain from the south to the north. To this end, three sections of rivers were dug successively, and the horizontal canal of the Sui Dynasty, originally centered on Luoyang, was built into a longitudinal canal centered on Dadu and going south to Hangzhou. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is divided into seven sections according to geographical location: from Beijing to Tongzhou District, it is called Tonghui River, from Shenshan Spring in Baifu Village, Changping County, through Wengshanbo (now Kunming Lake) to Jishuitan and Zhongnanhai, from Wenmingmen (now Chongwenmen) outwards East, it turns southeast from today's Yangzha Village, Chaoyang District, to Tongzhou Gaolizhuang (today's Zhangjiawan Village) and enters the Luhe River (today's old route of the North Canal), with a length of 82 kilometers; from Tongzhou District to Tianjin, it is called the North Canal, with a length of 186 kilometers ; Tianjin to Linqing is called the South Canal, 400 kilometers long; Linqing to Taierzhuang is called the Lu Canal, about 500 kilometers long; Taierzhuang to Huaiyin is called the Zhong Canal, 186 kilometers long; Huaiyin to Guazhou is called the Li Canal, about 180 kilometers long; The stretch from Zhenjiang to Hangzhou is called the Jiangnan Canal and is about 330 kilometers long. Yangzhou is the famous city of Li Canal. During the reign of Emperor Yang of Sui Dynasty, a canal was built in the city. Since then, Yangzhou has become a transportation hub between the north and the south. With the benefit of water transportation, it has become rich in the south of the Yangtze River and has become one of the most prosperous regions in China.

During the Sui Dynasty, it was divided into four sections: (1) Yongji Canal (2) Tongji Canal (3) Hangou (4) Jiangnan River

③The third phase of the canal.

Mainly refers to the Yuan, Ming and Qing phases. The key sections excavated in the Yuan Dynasty were the section from Sishui to Weihe in Shandong and the section from Dadu to Tongzhou. In the 18th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1281 AD), the Jizhou River was opened, from Rencheng (Jining City) to Xucheng (Dongping County) Anshan, with a length of 75 kilometers; in the 26th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1289) A meeting was held to open the river, and a canal was opened from the southwest of Anshan, from the northwest of Shouzhang to Linqing, with a length of 125 kilometers; in the 29th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1292), the Huihe River was opened, and the water from Changping in the west of Beijing was opened into the capital city, and out in the east It reaches Tongzhou and enters the Baihe River, with a length of 25 kilometers. By the 30th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1293), the entire Grand Canal was opened to navigation. Water boats could go directly from Hangzhou to Dadu, becoming the predecessor of today's Beijing-Hangzhou Canal.

In the Yuan Dynasty, the whole journey can be divided into seven sections:

(1) Tonghui River; (2) North Canal; (3) South Canal; (4) Lu Canal; (5 ) Middle Canal; (6) Li Canal; (7) Jiangnan Canal.

The Ming and Qing dynasties maintained the foundation of the Yuan Canal. In the Ming Dynasty, the sections of the river in Shandong that had been silted up in the late Yuan Dynasty were dredged again. Weishan County) to Qingjiangpu (today's Huaiyin), canal projects such as the Kaisakou Canal, Tongji Xinhe, and Zhonghe River were carried out to separate the Yellow River. The Yue River was excavated between the Jianghuai River and the lake to the canal. engineering.

As the main transportation artery between the north and the south, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal has played a huge role in history. The navigation of the canal promoted the rapid development of cities along the coast.

At present, the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal has a navigable mileage of 1,442 kilometers, of which the annual navigable mileage is 877 kilometers, mainly distributed in the three provinces of Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang south of the Yellow River.

The Hangzhou Grand Canal is the same as the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. It starts from Beijing in the north and ends in Hangzhou in the south. It flows through six provinces and cities: Beijing, Hebei, Tianjin, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, with a total length of 1,764 kilometers. Ten times longer than the Suez Canal and twenty times longer than the Panama Canal, it is the longest man-made canal in the world.

It ends at the Qiantang River.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal flows through Tongzhou District of Beijing City, Wuqing District of Tianjin City, Cangzhou City, Hengshui City, and Xingtai City of Hebei Province, Dezhou City, Tai'an City, Liaocheng City, Jining City, and Zaozhuang City of Shandong Province. , 18 urban areas in Xuzhou City, Suqian City, Huai'an City, Yangzhou City, Zhenjiang City, Changzhou City, Wuxi City, Suzhou City in Jiangsu Province, and Jiaxing City and Hangzhou City in Zhejiang Province.

An ancient poem about Tongzhou says: A shadow of a tower identifies Tongzhou. The burning lighthouse stands at the northern end of the Grand Canal and is a landmark building in Tongzhou, Jingmen. The Tianjin North Canal and the South Canal meet in Tianjin, where they are sent together by the Haihe River into the Bohai Sea. According to records, during the period when water transportation was developed, the North Canal from Tianjin to Tongzhou carried 20,000 grain-carrying water ships and 120,000 officers and soldiers every year, as well as 30,000 merchant ships. With the opening of the waterway, the small Zhigu Village quickly developed into the famous "Tianjin Guard".

The intersection of Zhenjiang, Yangtze River and Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. Liaocheng's lakes and rivers account for 1/3 of the urban area. They are known as the "Venice of Northern China" and are very rare in northern cities. Among them, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is credited. Suzhou "If Suhu Lake is good enough, the world is full of it." The opening of the canal made Suzhou rich in water and food. Currently, there are passenger routes to and from the Suzhou-Hangzhou section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. At the entrance of the Huai'an Grand Canal, under the dock of the ancient town on the east bank of the canal is the former residence of Wu Cheng'en, the author of "Journey to the West".

Geography along the line

The Beijing-Hangzhou Canal flows from north to south through the two cities of Beijing and Tianjin and the four provinces of Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and runs through China's five major water systems - the Haihe River, the Yellow River, Huaihe River, Yangtze River, Qiantang River and a series of lakes; from the North China Plain to the Yangtze River Delta, with flat terrain, intertwined rivers and lakes, and thousands of miles of fertile fields. It has been China's main grain, cotton, oil, sericulture, and hemp production areas since ancient times. It is densely populated, has a high degree of agricultural intensification, and has great production potential. In modern times, the Beijing-Tianjin, Jinpu, Shanghai-Nanjing and Shanghai-Hangzhou railway and highway networks were built one after another, and they were closely connected with the canal. Industries along the line have sprung up successively, and cities and towns are densely packed. It is a place where the essence of China gathers.

Current Characteristics

The flow direction, water source and drainage and storage conditions of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal are different in each section and are very complex. The flow direction is generally summarized as four nodes and five flow directions:

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Node 1 Tonghui River and North Canal north of Tianjin (Haihe River) flow south; Node 1 and Node 2 Dongping Lake between Node 1 and Node 2 South Canal and Lubei Canal flow north; Node 2 and Node 3 Yangtze River The Lunan Canal, Zhong Canal and Li Canal between (Qingjiang River) flow south; the section between Danyang south of Node 3 and Node 4 Yangtze River flows north; the section south of Danyang (Jiangnan Canal) flows south.

Jining Section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal ① Tonghui Canal. Historic navigable waterway. Due to the implementation of the policy of "stopping canals and changing routes" in the late Qing Dynasty and the development of railway and highway transportation since the 20th century, goods were transported by land. In addition, water sources were insufficient and the waterway was in disrepair. By the early 1950s, only a small number of ships were operating intermittently. At present, the river is mainly used as a drainage channel for Beijing and is no longer navigable.

②North Canal. It is about 180 kilometers long and has a water collection area of ??51,100 square kilometers. It flows from Tianjin into the Haihe River. Except for the 15-kilometer section from Qujiadian to Tianjin, which can be used by small boats for seasonal navigation, the other rivers are not navigable.

③South Canal. Also known as Yuhe, it is 414 kilometers long. The section from Sinv Temple to Linqing is called Wei Canal and is 94 kilometers long. The channel from Tianjin to Sinvsi is narrow and curved, with a bottom width of 15 to 30 meters and a water depth of about 1 meter. There are four ship locks, Yangliuqing, Duliu, Beichentun and Anling, which can navigate 100-ton ships. Due to the impoundment of the upstream reservoir, irrigation of farmland on both sides, and long-term disrepair, it is now in a state of interruption. The Wei Canal has a bottom width of 30 meters and a water depth of about 10 meters. It has the Sinu Temple and the Zhugongtun Ship Lock, and can navigate 100-ton ships. Due to the livestock water in the Yuecheng Reservoir upstream, the water source was intercepted. Especially after the expansion of the Wei Canal, the waterway condition suddenly deteriorated.

④ Lubei Canal. Also known as Weishan and Linqing Canal, the original river section has been silted up. In 1958, a new line was selected, with a length of 104 kilometers, but it was not excavated. From 1960 to 1968, according to the requirements for water diversion from the Yellow River, 76 kilometers of channels from Zhoudian to Shangdian were excavated, and the two sections of the river have not yet been excavated.

⑤Lunan Canal. The section from Guona to Liangshan is called the Dongpinghu Lake West Channel, which is 20 kilometers long. Although it was dredged and renovated in 1968, the river channel was severely silted and the water depth was insufficient, making it still unnavigable. The section from Liangshan to Nanwang is 33.8 kilometers long. The channel water depth is 0.5 meters in dry season. It can be navigable for 6 months every year. It is a seasonal channel. The section from Nanwang to Jining is 27.1 kilometers long, 15 meters wide at the bottom, and 0.5 meters deep during dry periods. It is only open to navigation for 6 months each year and is a seasonal channel.

The section from Jining to the secondary dam is 78.1 kilometers long, with a straight channel, a water depth of more than 1 meter in dry season, a bottom width of 50 meters, and can be navigable for 100-ton ships.

⑥Middle Canal. The section from the secondary dam to Dawangmiao originally ran along the Hanzhuang and Taierzhuang lines. In 1958, the Nansi Lake West Waterway and the Bulao River section were newly opened in Jiangsu Province, allowing the river to pass through the northern suburbs of Xuzhou City and merge with the Zhongyun Canal at Dawang Temple. The section from Dawangmiao to Huaiyin still follows the original river course southward, with a length of 163 kilometers. The river section below Xuzhou has been widened in sections in recent years. The channel generally has a bottom width of 45 to 60 meters and a water depth of more than 3 meters. It can now be navigable for towing fleets of 500 to 700 tons or more. It is the main route for Xuzhou coal transportation to the south.

⑦ Li Canal. The total length is 169 kilometers. Its entrance to the river was originally in Guazhou. In 1958, it was changed to Liuwei to enter the river. After repeated renovations in recent years, the bottom width of the channel is generally 70 meters, the water depth is more than 3 meters, and it can be navigable for 1,000-ton tow fleets. The annual cargo volume is about 15 million tons.

⑧Jiangnan Canal. From Jianbikou on the south bank of the Yangtze River to Hangzhou via Danyang, Changzhou, Wuxi, Suzhou and Pingwang. Among them, there are three routes from Pingwang to Hangzhou, namely the east, middle and west routes. If calculated based on the east route, the total length is 323.8 kilometers, most of which have a bottom width of 20 meters and a water depth of 2 meters. Generally, they can be navigable for ships of 40 to 100 tons. , the annual freight volume reaches more than 16 million tons.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, large-scale renovations were carried out on the canal, allowing it to resume its multiple roles of shipping, irrigation, flood control and drainage. The Beijing-Hangzhou Canal and Qiantang River communication project completed at the end of 1988 has connected rivers, rivers and seas, forming a water transportation network centered on Hangzhou and connected to the five major water systems of the Yangtze River, Yellow River, Huaihe River, Haihe River and Qiantang River. .

The Beijing-Hangzhou Canal Second Channel Project, which has been repeatedly demonstrated for nearly 20 years, has finally started. On December 18, the foundation stone was laid for the Babao Ship Lock Approach Channel Project of the second channel of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal, which means that the "second channel" has entered the construction stage from a blueprint on paper.

The transportation department said, “This second channel, with a total length of 39 kilometers and an estimated total investment of 7.75 billion yuan, is to solve the navigation congestion, environmental protection and reduced transportation function of the existing Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal (Hangzhou Section). 'The trump card'."

From the proposal of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal "Second Channel" plan in 1989 to the official start of construction on the 18th, the project has been repeatedly demonstrated for nearly 20 years. During this long period of time, the Hangzhou Transportation and Port Shipping Department conducted a comprehensive analysis and demonstration of the "second channel" line location, pre-review of the plan, preliminary determination of the line location, coordination with relevant counties and cities, submission of project proposals, and organization of feasibility studies, etc. A lot of work. For the alignment problem of the "second channel" alone, there have been three sets of plans for the east, middle and west.

The east line: starts from Bolu, Yuhang District, Hangzhou-Shenzhou Line, passes through National Highway 320, Shanghai-Hangzhou Railway, Shanghai-Hangzhou Expressway, Provincial Road 01, Hangzhou-Puzhou Expressway, and passes through the Ring Expressway, Dezhou Sheng Road and Xiasha Road enter the Qiantang River near Babao;

Middle line: the existing channel from Sanbao to Qiantang River via the main urban area of ??Hangzhou. It starts from Beixing Bridge, passes through Gongchen Bridge, crosses Wulinmen Zhongshan North Road Bridge and Genshan Railway Bridge, and exits the Qiantang River from Sanbao Ship Lock;

West Line: starts from Beixing Bridge and crosses Gouyun Road in the west , National Highway 104, passes through Sandun, passes through the ring road and Tianmu Mountain Road, passes through Pingfeng and exchanges with the ring road at Huapailou, exits Longwu, Wangjiangshan to Xinpu and exits along the Fuchun River.

The sky-high price to "elevate" the Shanghai-Hangzhou Railway

In the end, the project was constructed according to the east line plan. "Although there are unfavorable factors such as going under the Shanghai-Hangzhou Railway, passing through three expressways and the exit of the Qiantang River, in terms of the possibility of connection, it has the most advantages." The western route is the most ideal from a shipping perspective. , but the construction cost is huge, it destroys the tourist resources of scenic spots near the west line, is not conducive to environmental protection, and has a certain conflict with urban planning; the center line plan to transform the existing waterway will greatly damage the existing urban planning, and it is difficult to solve problems such as cultural relic protection. , is not a good solution either.

The person in charge of the Hangzhou Port and Navigation Administration said: "If you choose the eastern route option, just to have the waterway pass under the railway, you will have to pay a 'huge bill' to elevate the Shanghai-Hangzhou Railway. It can be said that in order to To protect urban planning and the environment, we made the least economical but also the most economical choice."

The canal channel became a "bottleneck"

In 1999, the Zhejiang section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal underwent four construction projects. However, with the rapid economic development in the hinterland, social freight volume has doubled, and the pace of upgrading of waterways has lagged far behind that of ships.

It is predicted that the freight volume of the Zhejiang section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal will reach 107.7 million tons and 156.4 million tons in 2015 and 2025 respectively. As an important part of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal connecting the Qiantang River, the waterway in the urban section of Hangzhou only has the fifth-class navigation standard, and none of the 25 bridges meet the navigation requirements of the fifth-class waterway, which seriously restricts the role of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal and the development of future shipping.

Thousand-ton ships can go directly from Shandong to Hangzhou

After the completion of the second channel of the canal, the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal will reach level three. By then, 1,000-ton ships can go directly from Dongping Lake in Shandong to Zhejiang Hangzhou’s transport capacity increased by 40%.

According to expert analysis, taking the transportation of thermal coal in development zones as an example, power plants require a large amount of coal for power generation every year. If it relies entirely on railway transportation, it will cost 10 to 20 more per ton of thermal coal from the Huainan coal mine to the power plant. With a freight cost of RMB 100,000, if all coal is transported by water, 100,000 tons of coal can save RMB 1 million to RMB 2 million in cost.

With the opening of the second channel, the urban waterway will be used for tourism, etc., and the existing Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal (Hangzhou Section) navigation congestion, noise and environmental protection problems are expected to be solved.

Significance of the opening

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is a great project created by the working people of ancient my country. It is a precious material and spiritual wealth left to us by our ancestors. It is a living and flowing important Human Heritage. The Grand Canal began in the Spring and Autumn Period, was formed in the Sui Dynasty, and developed in the Tang and Song Dynasties. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal was built in the Spring and Autumn Period more than 2,000 years ago and has a history of 2,500 years ago. Qin Shihuang (Ying Zheng) excavated it in Jiaxing An important river channel, it also laid the foundation for the future direction of the Jiangnan Canal. According to the "Yue Jueshu", Qin Shihuang "managed the Ling Waterway from Jiaxing to Qiantang and crossed the land to connect Zhejiang". About 2,500 years ago, King Wu Fucha dug the Han ditch, opened a canal connecting the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River, and built the city of Han. Canals and canal culture were derived from this.

The Grand Canal we call today was dug in the Spring and Autumn Period, completed in the Sui Dynasty, prospered in the Tang and Song Dynasties, straightened in the Yuan Dynasty, and dredged in the Ming and Qing Dynasties (from 486 BC to 1293 AD) The whole line was opened to navigation in 1779). In the long years, it has mainly gone through three major construction processes. In the Sui Dynasty, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty mobilized millions of people to dig through the Grand Canal, which made a huge contribution to the country's unprecedented economic and cultural prosperity.) In the Sui Dynasty, the entire line began to be connected. Through the development of the Tang and Song Dynasties, it finally became the It is a transportation artery that connects the five major water systems of the Haihe River, the Yellow River, the Huaihe River, the Yangtze River, and the Qiantang River, and connects the north and the south.

Create an artificial Tianhe.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is my country’s second “golden waterway” after the Yangtze River. Its value is comparable to that of the Great Wall. It is the earliest and longest man-made river in the world, 16 times that of the Suez Canal and 33 times that of the Panama Canal.

The Beijing-Hangzhou Canal has always been an important water transport route in the past dynasties and has played a major role in economic and cultural exchanges between the north and the south. With the rise of maritime transport in the 19th century, and later with the opening of the Tianjin-Puzhou Railway, the role of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal gradually decreased. After the migration of the Yellow River, the water source in the river section in Shandong was insufficient, the river channel was silted up, the north and south navigation was cut off, and the river was silted into flat ground. A section of Jiangsu Province with a large amount of water and good navigation conditions can only be used by small wooden sailing boats. The desolation and depression of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal are a reflection of China's semi-colonial and semi-feudal system. After liberation, some sections of the river have been widened and deepened, bends have been cut and straightened, many modern docks and locks have been built, and shipping conditions have improved. The seasonal navigation mileage has reached more than 1,100 kilometers. In the more than 660 kilometers of waterway south of Pi County, Jiangsu Province, a fleet of 500 tons can travel unimpeded. The ancient Beijing-Hangzhou Canal will also become the water transmission channel for the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in the future.

Reduced role

In recent years, the total annual water consumption in the Taihu Lake Basin is 29 billion cubic meters, while the average multi-year water resource volume in the basin is only 16.2 billion cubic meters. Excluding pollution due to For the unusable part, the Taihu Lake Basin's population of more than 30 million creates a GDP of nearly one trillion yuan every year, and the water consumption is actually twice the actual amount of resources. Due to the incompatibility between water pollution control, economic development and population in the Taihu Lake Basin, water pollution in the basin is very serious, which puts the Taihu Basin in a severe situation of water quality-related water shortage. According to the three-year continuous water quality monitoring and evaluation from 1998 to 2000, although the central and local governments at all levels have increased efforts to prevent and control water pollution in the basin in recent years, the overall water quality of Taihu Lake has not been significantly improved, and the overall eutrophication of the lake has increased. There has been no significant improvement. In 2000, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and chemical oxygen consumption were far from reaching the planned treatment goals; water pollution in the river network has not been effectively controlled, and there is a trend of deterioration in some places. The water resources in the Taihu Lake Basin are facing A serious situation.

On the other hand, after the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal connected with the Qiantang River, with the development of Hangzhou city, ship transportation played an important role in economic construction, but it also had many negative impacts, such as ship noise and Exhaust gas emissions have seriously affected the quality of life of citizens. Many bridge-related accidents in ship navigation have also posed an inevitable threat to key protected cultural relics such as Gongchen Bridge. The uneven appearance of cargo ships has also It is very inconsistent with the current landscape river course, and there have been many accidents involving ship collisions and damage to landscape facilities, which has affected the construction of Hangzhou as a quality-of-life city to a certain extent. If the Hangzhou-Tangqi section of the canal stops shipping cargo ships and becomes a complete tourist river, the benefits generated by the tourism economy and the economic benefits of the real estate industry along the coast will be huge.

Therefore, the channel between the Fuchun River in the Qiantang River system and the Dongtiao River in the Taihu Lake system will be opened to connect the Qiantang River and Taihu Basin, divert the high-quality water source of the Fuchun River, and naturally flow through Dongtiao Creek to flush out the poor-quality water in the Taihu Lake system. It is of practical significance to provide high-quality water sources for the Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou area and Shanghai, improve the water resources environment in these areas, and gradually intercept and collect sewage into pipes to make the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal and its forked rivers become high-quality tap water sources for cities such as Hangzhou and Jiaxing. and sustainable development vision.

In order to ensure the safety of ship navigation and water quality from ship pollution, and to save land resources, the internationally advanced electrified light rail is used to control ship navigation, thereby achieving a safe and economical navigation method with low channel grade and high navigation capacity, which is the first in the country. Realize green shipping.

The development of maritime transportation and the construction of railways and highways have also dispersed its transportation volume. The sedimentation problem in the canal is also serious, which has also reduced the transportation volume of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal.