Zhu Yuanzhang's life, detailed

Zhu Yuanzhang (1 162- 1227), the Ming emperor, was a native of Ming Taizu, and was a monk in Huang Jue Temple since childhood. On March 1st, 12th year of Zheng Zheng, Zhu Yuanzhang joined the army of Guo Zixing. Zixing saw that Bird had a strange appearance and was different from ordinary people, so he kept him as a confidant soldier and led the troops to war many times. He would certainly attack if necessary. Zixing was overjoyed and acted as a concubine, betrothing his adopted daughter Ma Shi to Bird as his wife, and later became a high queen. In March of the 15th year of Zheng Zheng, Guo Zixing died, and his son Guo Tianxu led the crowd. Han Liner issued a letter to seal the sky, named Du Marshal, right deputy marshal and Zhu Yuanzhang left deputy marshal. Zhu Yuanzhang said generously, "A gentleman would rather be controlled!" I'm not affected. However, the rings are powerful and can be used as emperors, but his title is used as an army. In September, Guo Tianxu and Shuang Shuang died in battle, so they will return to Mao. In February of the 23rd year (1363), Zhang Shicheng sent Lv Zhen to surround Anfeng and kill Liu Futong. Han Liner issued an urgent order to Zhu Yuanzhang, and Liu Ji (Bowen) warned Zhu Yuanzhang not to help him. Mao said, "Wang Xiaoming is in a hurry. I gave him the title of dragon and phoenix, and I couldn't bear to stand by and watch, so I had to save him. " So he led Xu Da and Chang Yuchun to help, drove Lv Zhen away and welcomed Lin Er back to Chuzhou. At this time, it has become Mao's puppet, but Zhu Yuanzhang still gave him the title of twins for the title of topic. In the 24th year of Zheng Zheng (1364), in the first month, Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor and established a family of officials. In addition to offering sacrifices, there is also a death, which is called the imperial edict of Yundi () and the imperial edict of Wu Wang (Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang). In December of the 26th year (1366), Liu Jimi, in the name of welcoming the liner to the south, ordered Liao Yongzhong to go to Guabu to cover the liner's ships. As a result, he sank into the water and drowned. After Han Liner's death, Zhu Yuanzhang became the supreme leader. In the 28th year of Zheng Zhi, Yuan Shundi (1368), on the fourth day of the first month, Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor, with the title "Ming" and Jianyuan "Hongwu" as Ming Taizu. Zhu Yuanzhang's founding name is Daming. After Zhu Yuanzhang founded the Ming Dynasty, he worked hard to govern the country for thirty-one years, purged the bureaucracy, severely punished corrupt officials, established health centers, consolidated border defense, and attached importance to agriculture, which played a positive role in social stability, national unity and development. He created unjust prisons, killed heroes, set up a Royal Guards, exercised cruel autocratic rule over officials and people, abolished the prime minister system, and suppressed the assistance of sages, which made it easier for powerful officials and eunuchs to control the political power, leading to eunuchs' autocratic power and civil strife in the late Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Yuanzhang (1328 ~ 1398)

That is, Ming Taizu. The founding emperor of Ming Dynasty (reigned from 1368 to 1398) was the leader of the peasant uprising army at the end of Yuan Dynasty. A famous strategist and politician. The word Guo Rui. Zhou Hao Li Zhong (now northeast of Fengyang, Anhui) was born. On September 18th, the first year of Yuan Dynasty (1328+65438+1October 2nd1), he was born in a poor peasant family. In the fourth year of Zheng Zheng (1344), my father and brother died in famine, so I entered Huang Jue Temple and became a monk. Then he traveled to Luzhou (now Hefei), Gwangju (now Huangchuan, Henan), Ruzhou and Yingzhou (now Fuyang, Anhui), and returned to the temple three years later. In the eleventh year, the peasant war broke out at the end of Yuan Dynasty. The following year, he joined the Guo Zixing branch of the peasant uprising army, first as a Qin Bing and then as a 9-year-old commander. Brave and talented, Guo recruited him as his husband. In the 13th year, he was promoted to Zhen Fu, and joined forces with Xu Da, Tanghe and others to attack Dingyuan (present-day Anhui) in the south. The local armed forces in Lupai Village decreased by 3,000. That night, Yuan attacked Hengjian Mountain, gathered 20,000 chosen men and kept them under strict control. Later, he led the troops to conquer Chuzhou, with more than 30 thousand people. He has strict orders, clean military appearance and won the hearts of the people. In the spring of 15th year, he led Booker and Hezhou (now Hexian County) to lead the generals. When the Yuan Army attacked with 65,438+10,000 yuan, Zhu Yuanzhang defended the city in March and suffered repeated defeats. After his death, he unified the army, was appointed as deputy marshal, and was named Song Longfeng to make the army. After accepting thousands of warships led by Liao Yong 'an and Yu Tonghai, the leaders of Chaohu anti-Yuan armed forces, they set up a navy division, led troops to cross the river in June, succeeded in Taiping (now Dangtu) and captured thousands of households in Naha. Set up Marshal House of Taiping Xingguo Wing to be in charge of marshal affairs. In March of 16th year, he invaded Ke Jiqing (now Nanjing) and forced Shui Yuan Marshal Kang Maocai to surrender. Lu Qing was changed to Yingtianfu, and a base was established with this as the center, and soldiers were ordered to go out. Xu Dadong took Zhenjiang (now Jiangsu) and Deng Yunan took Guangde (now Anhui). Jiangnan has always saved trouble by setting up a provincial book province, which is known as Wu Gong. Then, taking advantage of the fierce battle between the northern Red Scarf Army and the main force of the Yuan Army, the overall plan of sticking to the east and west lines and attacking the areas ruled by the Southeast Yuan Army was adopted, and the isolated Jiangnan Yuan Army was gradually eliminated. In seventeen years, he went to Ningguo (now Anhui) to supervise the war and captured more than 100,000 Yuan soldiers. Then take Nanling, Jingxian, Huizhou (now Shexian), Changxing (now Zhejiang) and other important places to prevent Zhang Shicheng, the leader of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai and Zhou dynasties from expanding westward. The following year, Deng Yu was ordered to lead an army to take Jiande and capture thirty thousand Yuan soldiers. We should set up a house of ten thousand households to take charge of the militia, stationed soldiers in agriculture, plowed the fields during the farming season, practiced martial arts in leisure, and fought when something happened. Advocate that soldiers are not expensive but expensive. And adopt the Confucian scholar Zhu Sheng "build a high wall, accumulate a wide grain, and slow down to be king" ("Ming history? Zhu Sheng biography), strengthen the base construction, and gradually expand the strength. He led 65,438+/kloc-0,000 troops to Wuzhou (now Jinhua), captured Temulie Temple in Yuanjiang, set up a province in eastern Zhejiang, and consolidated the newly occupied area. In the 19th year, we divided our forces and captured Chizhou (now Guichi, Anhui), Zhuji (now Zhejiang) and Chuzhou (now Lishui), and then bordered on the west by Chen Youliang, the leader of the Han regime in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Twenty years, Liu Ji, Song Lian and others were recruited as counselors. Liu Ji's suggestion was adopted to determine the overall plan of destroying Chen first, then attacking Zhang, unifying Jiangnan, and then destroying Yuan in the north, focusing on the western front. In Chen Youliang, 654.38+ 10,000 sailors occupied Taiping, and it was almost equal to Yingtian from Jiangzhou (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi) to the east (now southwest of Maanshan, Anhui). Zhu Yuanzhang took the strategy of luring the enemy in depth and ambushing in the air, and defeated the Chen Youliang army in Longwan (now Shimonoseki, Nanjing), capturing more than 7,000 people and more than 0/00 ships. After winning the battle, Taiping was recovered. In the following year, I personally led an army to Sike Jiangzhou, forcing Chen Youliang to flee Wuchang. He divided his troops into Kenankang (now Xing Zi), qi zhou (now southwest of Qichun, Hubei) and Huangzhou, forcing the commanders of Longxing (now Nanchang) and Ji 'an under the jurisdiction of Chen Youliang to surrender, thus controlling most counties in Jiangxi and northeastern Hubei. In March of 23rd, Wen Xiaoming Wang and Liu Futong were besieged by Zhang Shicheng army in Anfeng (now Shouxian County, Anhui Province) and led the army to rescue Wen Xiaoming Wang and Liu Futong to Chuzhou. In April, Chen Youliang stepped in and surrounded Hongdu (now Nanchang) under the jurisdiction of Zhu Yuanzhang. The commander Zhu Wenzheng led the troops to fight for 85 days. In July, with the help of 200,000 sailors, Chen Youliang withdrew from the encirclement and went east to meet Poyang Lake. In the decisive battle with Chen Jun, we first attacked his spirit with fire, then ambushed him by land and water, wiped out 600,000 Chen Jun and killed Chen Youliang, creating a famous example in the history of China water war. In the first month of the following year, officials were placed on Yingtian, the throne of Wu. Soon, he led the army westward and marched into Wuchang, forcing Emperor Gaozu Chen Li (son Chen Youliang) to surrender. After dividing troops in Keluzhou, Hengzhou (now Hengyang City, Hunan Province) and Xiangyang (now Xiangfan City, Hubei Province), it occupied a vast area in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in the summer of twenty-five years. After that, according to the predetermined strategy, the troops turned eastward. In October of the same year, in view of the weakness of Zhang Shicheng, such as narrow north and south, separated by the Yangtze River, and scattered troops, we first took Huaidong, then occupied western Zhejiang, cut off our wings, and then attacked Pingjiang (now Suzhou, Jiangsu), and ordered Xu Da and Chang Yuchun to lead the troops to war. Fighting for nearly two years, a large number of annihilation of Zhang Jun's main force. In September of the 27th year, he conquered Pingjiang and captured Zhang Shicheng. Soon, it was forced to land in Fang Guozhen in eastern Zhejiang. /kloc-in October/October, it was decided to divide the troops into multiple channels, explore the south and explore the north, focusing on attacking the Yuan army in the north. Adopt the strategy of generals and formulate "take Shandong first, remove its cover;" Swirl Henan and break its wings; Pull Tongguan and keep it, according to its threshold. ..... Then the invasion of Du Yuan ("A Record of Ming Taizu" volume 26), life Xu Da, Chang Yuchun led the troops two hundred and fifty thousand north. In the first month of the first year of Hongwu (1368), it was the emperor, the founding name was Daming, and its capital was Yingtian. The governor's office was established (1380 changed to the governor's office of the five armies) as the highest military organ in the country, and the emperor personally took charge of military power. Implement the system of health centers, and set up health centers from the capital to all counties. Since then, Zhu Yuanzhang has waged a 22-year unification war in the early Ming Dynasty. In May, he went to the capital of song dynasty (now Kaifeng, Henan) to supervise the war. In August, the Ming army conquered Dadu (now Beijing) and overthrew the Yuan Dynasty. Move westward and gradually pacify the northwest. He also sent troops south to pacify Fujian and Guangdong. Then he sent troops to levy mobei many times. In four years, he sent his troops into Sichuan and destroyed Xia Guo. In fifteen years, he sent troops to take Yunnan. Twenty years, flat Liaodong. By 22 years, the whole country will be basically unified. During this period, military laws were promulgated, wasteland was rectified, cities were built for the Japanese, and headquarters and health centers were established throughout the country. He died on June 24th, 20398 at the age of 7 1. Zhu Yuanzhang is far-sighted, far-sighted, good at controlling wars and taking the initiative. In the hero's duel, choose the soldiers skillfully and break them one by one. In every battle, we should use heavy forces to avoid being attacked on both sides, and concentrate our forces to annihilate the enemy at an appropriate time. Attach importance to recruiting talents, adopt public opinion, strictly manage the army, improve the military system, train and educate generals, and emphasize that generals should be knowledgeable, resourceful, benevolent and brave. It is advocated that soldiers should be involved in agriculture and plow fields to fight in order to maintain a strong armed force. His military thoughts have a great influence on later generations.