How to pass on Thai?

According to the Sukhothai stone tablet unearthed in Thailand, the Thai language was created by King Ranganheng of Sukhothai Dynasty on the basis of Mongolian and Khmer in 1283. At present, the earliest Thai document found is the inscription of Langanheng in13rd century, which is now in the National Museum. Thai alphabet is based on Khmer alphabet and Indian alphabet, which is quite different from these two languages.

However, after studying the characters of neighboring countries in Thailand, it is found that the characters of Myanmar, Cambodia and Laos are quite similar to Thai. Philosophers believe that the scripts of these countries originated from the Grantham alphabet in South India and were introduced to Southeast Asia with Buddhism. Therefore, it can be concluded that King Langanheng only processed and modified the characters, instead of creating Thai as recorded on the Sukhothai stone tablet.

According to the distribution area and language of Thais, they are divided into central Thais, northeastern Thais, northern Thais and southern Thais. Central Thais are typical Thais. The social, economic and cultural development level of Thais in central China is higher than that of other Thais. Central Thai, namely Bangkok dialect, is the standard Thai language widely used in China. Thais in the northeast of China are also called "Northeasters". The language, culture and customs of "Northeasters" are similar to those of Laos. Thai is used in official occasions, and Lao, the "Northeast Dialect", is widely used among the people. Kelai and Kunjing are the political and economic centers of Thais in northeast China. Thais in the north are also called "Thai Nguyen". 13-18th century, Lanna Kingdom with Chiang Mai as the center was established. China's Yuan history was called "the country of eight hundred daughters-in-law", so it was also called "Lanna people".

Historically, people in northern Thailand used the same language as the Dai people in China. Now Thai is used in official occasions, and Lanna dialect, also known as Kunmeng dialect, is still used by the people. Chiang Mai is the political, economic and cultural center of the people in northern Thailand, so the people in northern Thailand are also called "Chiang Mai people" and the dialect is "Chiang Mai dialect". Southern Thais mainly refer to Thais south of Peng Chun County in the southern peninsula, accounting for about 9% of the national population. Modern southern Thais are formed by the integration of local Thais, Mongols, Malays and immigrants from the north and northeast in history. Thai is used in official occasions, and local dialects are used by the people.

Thai, formerly known as Siam, belongs to Zhuang-Dai language branch of Zhuang-Dong language family of Sino-Tibetan language family, and belongs to the same language family as Zhuang-Dai language family in China. Thai has been influenced by some foreign languages in its formation and development. The languages that have an influence on Thai mainly include Chinese, Khmer, Sanskrit, Pali, Malay-Javanese and English. Thai and Chinese are similar in vocabulary and pronunciation. There are more than 100 words in Thai and Chinese. Although there are not many English words in Thai, TV, radio and translation have a growing influence on the younger generation. In Thai today, loanwords account for almost 30%.

Thai characters

Thai is a phonetic symbol. Modern Thai has 32 consonant phonemes and 42 consonant letters, some of which come from Sanskrit and Pali. There are 38 vowels and 40 vowels. Thai has five tones, with variations of long and short tones and voiced sounds.

There is no morphological change in Thai, that is, gender, number and case have not changed. Any word can be a noun, verb, adjective or adverb as long as it is in a different position in a sentence. The basic word order of a sentence is subject, predicate and object. Different from Chinese habits, Thai attributive is behind the head word, that is, the modifier is behind the modified word. Thai is written from left to right without punctuation.